757designated on the plans to receive topsoil by the cubic yard, topsoil will be measured in cubic yards and will be paid for at the contract unit price per cubic yard for the class and depth specified. This price shall include furnishing, loading, transporting, and applying topsoil; soil testing and providing test reports; preparing areas to receive topsoil; finishing such areas; and restoring damaged areas. Payment will be made under: ————————————————————————————————Pay Item Pay Unit————————————————————————————————Topsoil (Class and depth) Acre or Cubic Y ard———————————————————————————————— SECTION 603—SEEDING
603.01 Description
This work shall consist of furnishing and applying fertilizer, lime, mulch, and seed in the quantities specified to stabilize areas designated on the plans or selected by the Engineer.
603.02 Materials
a.Seed shall conform to Section 244.02(c).
b.Fertilizer shall conform to Section 244.02(d).
c.Lime shall conform to Section 244.02(e).
d.Mulches and Hydraulic Erosion Control Products shall conform to Section 244.02(g).
e.Fast Acting Lime shall conform to Section 244.02(e)2.
f.Biological Growth Stimulants shall conform to Section 244.02(n).
g.Sediment Retention Products shall conform to Section 244.02(o).
603.03 Procedures
The Contractor shall perform seeding operations at the times designated in Sections 303.03(b) and 602.03(c) unless otherwise specified. The Contractor shall not perform seeding operations when the ground is frozen or when soil or weather conditions will prevent proper soil preparation and subsequent operations. When hydroseeding is performed, nozzles or sprays shall not be directed toward the ground in a manner that will cause erosion or runoff. The Contractor shall notify the Engineer at least 48 hours prior to beginning seeding operations.
a.Preparing Soil • Slopes 3H:1V or flatter shall be loosened to a depth of approximately 3 inches by disking, harrowing, or other methods approved by the Engineer.603.03 758 • Excavated slopes steeper than 3H:1V: Loosening of soil will not be required except to elim- inate hard or crusted surfaces. • Shoulders and embankment slopes steeper than 3H:1V shall be loosened to a depth of approximately 1 inch. • Clods, loose stones, and other foreign material larger than 3 inches in any dimension shall be removed and disposed of in accordance with Section 106.04 or as directed by the Engineer. • Gullies, washes, and disturbed areas that develop subsequent to final grading shall be repaired before they are seeded. Soil preparation for overseeding shall include the repair of gullies, washes, and disturbed areas that develop prior to final overseeding and project acceptance. • Topsoil, when specified, shall be applied in accordance with Section 602.
b.Applying Lime
1.Agricultural Lime: The Contractor shall uniformly apply lime to areas to be seeded at the rates specified on the Roadside Development plan sheet. Lime shall be uniformly incorporated into the prepared soil prior to seeding. Lime may also be applied through a hydraulic seeder. The method of application for all lime products shall be approved by the Engineer prior to applying the lime. Lime applied by a hydraulic seeder shall be constantly agitated during application.
2.Applying Fast Acting Lime: Fast acting lime may be applied in either liquid or dry form to provide an immediate pH adjustment. Apply liquid fast acting lime at the rate of 5 gallons per acre or as recommended by the manufacturer’ s instructions. Apply dry fast acting lime at the rate of 100 pounds per acre or as recommended by the manufacturer’ s instructions.
c.Applying Fertilizer: The Contractor shall apply fertilizer for temporary, permanent, and overseeding applications in accordance with the requirements herein and at the rates and timeframes specified on the Roadside Development plan sheet. The Contractor may apply all slow release and slowly soluble fertilizer through a hydraulic seeder except for Sulfur Coated Urea (SCU). The method of application for all fertilizer products shall be approved by the Engineer prior to applying the fertilizer. Fertilizer applied in liquid form or mixed with water shall provide the same value of nutrients per acre as specified for dry fertilizer. Fertilizer applied in liquid form shall be constantly agitated during application.
d.Applying Seed Applying regular seed shall consist of preparing the seed bed and uniformly applying seed, fertilizer, lime, fast acting lime, and biological growth stimulants over the area designated to be seeded in the Contract. The Contractor shall ensure that all biological growth stimulant applications strictly follow the man - ufacturer’ s rates and recommendations to avoid damage to or burning of the seedbed. Use approved hydraulic methods to apply biological growth stimulants. Where temporary seeding is employed as a means of soil stabilization of unfinished areas it shall consist of applying seed, fertilizer, and mulch in accordance with the rates specified in the plans or 603.03 759in this section to stabilize areas on which grading operations are anticipated to be suspended for durations greater than 14 days. Where temporary seeding is required or directed by the Engineer, the cost for removal of vegetation once grading operations resume shall be included in the price of seeding. For hydroseeding, seed shall be put in the mixture slowly to result in a uniform mixture before appli - cation. Hydroseeding mixtures shall be constantly agitated from the time of mixing until application on the seed bed and shall be applied within 8 hours from the beginning of mixing operations. Overseeding shall generally consist of applying reduced quantities seed and fertilizer on prepared areas as directed by the Engineer. Leguminous seeds shall be inoculated or treated with approved cultures as specified by the manu - facturer or directed by the Engineer before they are applied or mixed with other seeds to be applied. Leguminous seed shall be applied within 24 hours after treatment. When the hydroseeding method is used to accomplish seeding, leguminous seeds shall be treated with 5 times the amount of inocu - lant recommended by the manufacturer.
e.Applying mulch or hydraulic erosion control products (HECP) for seeding or erosion control: The Contractor shall apply mulch or HECP within 48 hours after completion of the seeding operation. Selection of the appropriate seeding mulch or HECP for seeding shall be based on the following table. Mulch will not be required for overseeded areas. HECP Selection Maximum Slope HECP , Type 1 ≤ 4 to 1 HECP , Type 2 ≤ 3 to 1 HECP , Type 3 ≤ 2 to 1 HECP , Type 4 ≤ 1 to 1 HECP shall be applied at the following amounts per type:
1.HECP , Type 1 at the rate of 2,000 Pounds per acre. In lieu of applying Type I the Contractor may substitute one of the following for the HECP Type 1 with the approval of the Engineer.
a.Straw and hay at the rate of approximately 2 tons per acre. Straw and hay shall be applied to a uniform thickness in such a manner that not more than 10 percent of the soil surface will be exposed once installed. Wet straw or wet hay shall not be used. Straw or hay shall be anchored to the seeded surface by spraying with a HECP , Type 1 at the rate of 750 pounds per acre; or using other materials or methods approved by the Engineer. Straw or hay should not be used on medians of shoulders that are directly adjacent to roadways that are open to traffic.
b.HECP , Type 1 at a rate of 1,000 pounds per acre along with the installation of Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) EC-2, Type 1.
2.HECP Type 2 at a rate of 2,500 pounds per acre. In lieu of installing at the previous rate, the Contractor may substitute HECP , Type 2 at a rate of 1,000 pounds per acre along with the installation of RECP , EC 2 Type 1.603.03 760 3. HECP Type 3 at a rate of 3,000 pounds per acre. In lieu of installing HECP , Type 3 at the previous rate the Contractor may substitute one of the following with the approval of the Engineer.
a.HECP , Type 3 at a rate of 1,000 pounds per acre along with the installation of RECP , EC-2, Type 3 or,
b.A compost blanket at the rate of 806 cubic yards per acre (average depth of 2 inches).
4.HECP , Type 4 at a rate of 3,500 pounds per acre. In lieu of installing HECP , Type 3 at the previous rate the Contractor may substitute HECP , Type 4 at a rate of 1,000 pounds per acre along with the installation of Rolled Erosion Control Product EC 2, Type 4 with the approval of the Engineer.
f.Installing Sediment Retention Rolls as Slope Interrupters The Contractor shall install sediment retention roll for use in conjunction with HECP applications prior to the HECP installation. The Contractor shall excavate a trench along (parallel to) the contour of the slope to a depth that is 1/3 the diameter of the sediment retention roll. Place the excavated soil on the up-slope side of the trench. Place the tube into the trench so it contours to the soil surface, ensuring that no gaps exist beneath the tube. Compact the excavated soil against the tube on the up- slope side. Ensure the installation of the tube does not damage the prepared seedbed. Where sediment retention rolls are installed with RECP applications, install them on top of the RECP after the RECP installation is completed. Tube trenching is not required for RECP applica - tions. Ensure the installation of the roll does not damage the installed RECP . Sediment retention rolls used as slope interrupters shall be installed in accordance with the incre - mental seeding requirements in 303.03(b). Sediment retention rolls used as slope interrupters shall be 18, 20, or 24 inches in diameter in accordance with the manufacturer’ s instructions and site con - ditions or as directed by the Engineer.
603.04 Measurement and Payment
Lime will be measured in tons and will be paid for at the contract unit price per ton. Fertilizer will be measured in pounds and will be paid for at the contract unit price for the quantity of each of the three fertilizer components of the nitrogen-phosphoric acid-potash (N-P-K) ratio. Weights are determined by manufacturer certification of the N-P-K ratio and weight ticket from a certified scale in the case of bulk delivery. For a bagged product, the N-P-K ratio and weight on the bag shall be used. Regular Seed will be measured in pounds of seed applied and will be paid for at the contract unit price per pound. Temporary Seed will be measured in pounds of seed applied and will be paid for at the contract unit price per pound. Legume Seed will be measured in pounds of seed applied and will be paid for at the contract unit price per pound. This price shall include applying the inoculant during the seeding process.603.03 761Overseeding will be in pounds of seed applied and will be paid for at the contract unit price per pound. This price shall include the repairing gullies, washes, and disturbed areas that develop subsequent to seeding and furnishing and applying seed and additional fertilizer and lime. Prices for seed shall include preparing seed beds; furnishing and applying seed, fast acting lime, biologi - cal growth stimulant, fertilizer, and lime; and maintaining seeded areas until final acceptance. When bags of seed are transferred from project to project, certified scales shall be used for weighing the seed. The Engineer will not accept open bags for use. Hydraulic Erosion Control Products will be measured in square yards and will be paid for at the contract unit price per square yard for the type specified. This price shall include preparing seed beds, furnishing and installing, and preparing slopes or channels as required. Sediment Retention Products will be measured in linear feet and will be paid for at the contract unit price per linear foot. Payment will be made under: ———————————————————————————————— Pay Item Pay Unit———————————————————————————————— (Type) seed Pound Overseeding Pound Fertilizer (Component) Pound Lime Ton Hydraulic Erosion Control Product (Type) Square yard Sediment Retention Roll (Size) Linear foot———————————————————————————————— SECTION 604—SODDING
604.01 Description
This work shall consist of preparing sod beds; furnishing and placing sod; and furnishing and applying lime, fertilizer, topsoil, and water at locations designated on the plans or by the Engineer.
604.02 Materials
a.Sod shall conform to Section 244.02(h).
b.Fertilizer shall conform to Section 244.02(d).
c.Lime shall conform to Section 244.02(e).
d.Topsoil shall conform to Section 244.02(b).
604.03 Procedures
a.Preparing Sod Beds: The Contractor shall shape soil on which sod is to be placed to an even surface and grade to such an elevation that sod and adjacent surfaces will have a smooth contour.604.03
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 785–788 of 1,065.