203Excavation and Embankment

203.01 Description This work shall consist of excavating, rem oving, hauling,

backfilling and compacting or disposing,, as required, of all material not being removed under some other item, encountered for the construction of the project in accordance with these specifications and in reasonably close conformity with the lines, grades, thickness and typical cross sections shown in the Contract Documents or established by the Department. Excavation under this section will be classified as Common Excavation, Rock Excavation and Unclassified Excavation, as hereinafter defined. Material not classified as excavation that is required to construct embankments and backfill trenches and holes shall be classified as borrow or crushed stone. This work shall also consist of constructing foundation pads of 2-12 Culvert Bedding Stone in accordance with these specifications and in reasonably close conformity with the width, length, grade and thickness as shown in the Contract Documents or established by the Department. The following definitions shall apply to this section: Common Excavation shall consist of excavation and removal of all material encountered in grading within the Project Limits, which is not otherwise classified and paid for. Common excavation shall include the removal and disposal of boulders, solid mortared stone masonry and concrete masonry when each is less than 2 cubic yards in volume and all soft and disintegrated bedrock which can be removed with ordinary excavating machinery. It shall include grubbing, which consists of the removing and disposing of all stumps, roots, bushes, grass, turf or other objectionable material and it shall include excavation for channels, berm ditches and cut slope downspouts. Common Excavation shall include muck removal, which shall consist of excavating and disposing of saturated or unsaturated mixtures of soils and organic matter not suitable for embankment foundation material regardless of moisture content. Common Excavation shall also include removing and disposing of all earth material encountered in excavating for permanent stream channel diversion and channel widening or straightening, when designated in the Contract Documents, outside the limits of structural excavation or other classifications. Rock Excavation shall consist of removing: Hard igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary bedrock which cannot be excavated with ordinary excavating machinery and cannot be excavated without employing means such as, but not limited to, drilling and blasting, drilling and splitting or hoe-ramming; and all boulders, solid mortared stone masonry and concrete masonry, each having a volume of 2 cubic yards or more. Unclassified Excavation shall consist of Common Excavation and Rock Excavation as classified above and not measured separately. When identical unit prices are bid for Common Excavation and f or Rock Excavation, such bids shall be considered as a bid for Unclassified Excavation of the combined items and shall be so classified.

203.02 Materials Borrow shall consist of approved material re quired for the

construction of embankments or for other portions of the work as designated by the Department. . Unless otherwise designated in the Contract, the Contractor shall make their own arrangements for obtaining borrow and shall pay all costs involved. Material shall meet the requirements of the following Subsecti ons of Division 700 - Materials: C r u s h e d S t o n e, ¾ inch 703.13 2-13 C o m m on Borrow 703.18 G r a n u l a r B o r r o w 703.19 Gravel Borrow 703.20 R o c k B o r r o w 703.21 Slope blanket backfill material shall meet the requirements of aggregate for base and subbase, Type D specified in Subsection 703.06 - Aggregate for Base and Subbase, as directed. Culvert Bedding Stone shall meet the requirements of Type C ma terial, specified in Subsection 703.22, Underdrain Backfill Material.

203.03 Unauthorized Use of Materials No Common Excavation, Roc k Excavation,

Unclassified Excavation or Borrow which is designated for use in embankments or backfill may be diverted for the Contractor's own use. Any unauthorized use of such material will be adjusted by deducting quantities, measured by the most appropriate method, as determined by the Department, and 115% of the quantity deducted from the total amount.

203.04 General Prior to beginning excavating, grading, and em bankment operations

in any area, all necessary clearing in that area shall have been performed in accordance with Section 201 - Clearing Right-of-Way. Unsuitable material shall be disposed of as directed and no ma terial shall be wasted without the Department’s permission. The Resident may designate as unsuitable those soils which can not be properly compacted in embankments and all such unsuitable material shall be disposed of in approved waste storage areas or acceptable waste areas as directed. Suitable material taken from excavation shall be used in the c onstruction of embankment, subgrade, and for backfilling as indicated in the Contract Documents, or as directed, and no additional payment will be made. Unsuitable or surplus material shall be used as directed or wasted. The Contractor shall give the Resident sufficient time before beginning excavation to take necessary survey measurements. The Contractor shall not excavate beyond the dimensions, slopes and elevations established, and no material shall be removed prior to surveying the site. Unless otherwise authorized, borrow shall not be placed until after all suitable excavation has been placed in the embankment unless the use of Granular Borrow is called for in the Contract Documents, for use under embankments, in conjunction with the use of excavated material or for the maintenance of traffic. If the Contractor places more borrow than is required and thereby causes a waste of suitable excavation material, the amount of such waste will be measured by the method deemed most appropriate and 100% of the amount deducted from the borrow volume. When different unit prices are bid for Common Excavation and Rock Excavation, the Contractor will be required to strip earth from the bedrock to provide an opportunity for the 2-14 Resident to take the necessary measurements. When identical prices are bid for Common Excavation and Rock Excavation, the Contractor will not be required to strip the earth from the bedrock. When it is necessary to temporarily remove fencing designated to remain, the fencing shall be replaced by the Contractor at their expense in as good a condition as it was originally. The Contractor shall be responsible for the confinement of livestock when a portion of the fence is removed. When new fencing for confinement of livestock is required, it shall be erected before existing fencing is disturbed. Where new fencing cannot be erected in its final location, temporary fencing shall be installed at the Contractor's expense. The degree of finish for grading ditches and slopes, both fill slopes and cut slopes, shall be that obtainable from machine operations. Ditches shall be constructed to within 6 inches above or below the grade called for in the Contract Documents, or as otherwise modified, but, in no case, shall the ditch be finished in a condition that will not allow the flow of water. Ditches shall be graded to the extent that puddles will not form. Unstable slopes subject to sliding and slumping shall be excav ated to the lines and grades indicated in the Contract Documents or as directed. Immediately after each location is excavated, approved slope blanket backfill material shall be placed and shaped to match the adjacent slopes. Rock slopes shall be scaled (cleaned of all loose material) im mediately as the excavation proceeds. The rock slope shall then be examined by the Contractor to determine if the slope is stable. If the slope is not deemed stable upon this examination, then immediate steps shall be taken by the Contractor to insure the stability of the slope during construction. There will be no additional payment for any temporary protection required for the construction of the project. Culvert Bedding Stone shall be placed and graded as shown in the Contract Documents or as directed by the Resident and shall be compacted as required to ensure that all voids in the stone are filled, as approved by the Resident. 203.041 Salvage of Existing Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Pavement All existing HMA pavement designated to be removed under this Contract must be salvaged for utilization. Existing HMA pavement material shall not be deposited in any waste area or be placed below subgrade in any embankment. Methods of utilization of HMA pavement may be any of the following:

203.05 Roadway Excavation Roadway excavation shall be maintai ned in such

condition that the excavation surface will be well drained. Temporary drains, drainage 2-19 ditches and culverts shall be constructed to intercept and divert water that may adversely affect the condition of the excavation and the prosecution of the Work. Excavation in general, shall proceed in an upgrade direction. Subgrades shall be promptly graded and rolled to minimize absorption of water. Adjacent ditches shall be graded to the extent that puddles will not form. Grubbing areas which cannot be drained shall be promptly filled with approved excavation or borrow to such an elevation that surface drainage will be effective. If, due to unusual circumstances, drainage by gravity cannot be accomplished, the Resident may require the Contractor to provide adequate means of pumping the area. Pumping may be required on a 24 hour a day continuous basis, at no additional cost to the Department. When muck is encountered, either unexpectedly or as indicated in the Contract Documents, it shall be removed in such a manner as to insure its complete removal with no areas remaining or trapped below the embankment. Excavated muck shall be deposited in designated waste storage areas as indicated in the Contract Documents, deposited in waste areas beyond the Project Limits or disposed of as otherwise directed. Excavation adjacent to roots of trees or shrubs, which are to remain, shall be removed by hand. When excavating results in a subgrade of unsuitable soil, the Resident may require the Contractor to remove the unsuitable material and backfill the area with approved material. The Contractor shall conduct their operations in such a way that the Resident can take the necessary measurements before the backfill is placed. Material classified as rock, whether paid for as Rock Excavati on or Unclassified Excavation, shall be excavated to the required depth, as shown in the Contract Documents. Care shall be taken that undrained pockets will not be left in the surface of the rock remaining. The space between the rock remaining and the normal subgrade a s indicated in the Contract Documents shall be backfilled with the designated aggregate subbase or aggregate base, pulverized rock or other approved material. The Contractor shall conduct their excavating and hauling work in a manner that will cause as little contamination as possible. Fine grading at the normal subgrade line will be required unless aggregate subbase or aggregate base material is used. Ditches in bedrock cuts shall be constructed with no protrusio ns of rock above the designated rock cut pay lines. The space between the rock remaining and the finished surface of the ditch shall be backfilled with broken rock. For earth and rock backslopes designated to be constructed on a 2 horizontal to 1 vertical slope or flatter, the slope shall be uniformly finished to within 6 inches above or 6 inches below the lines designated, but, in no case, shall projections of rock extend over 6 inches above the actual finished surface of the slope as constructed. Rock backslopes 2-20 designated to be constructed on a ¼ horizontal to 1 vertical slope shall be excavated at least to a vertical plane. Buried structures and other materials , as specified in Sectio n 104.3.13 - Materials and Items Found on the Project, located within the Project Limits, , shall be removed as part of the applicable excavation item for type of work being performed. Buried structures and other materials located below or outside the required excavation, whose removal is ordered, shall be removed and such removal paid for as Common Excavation, Rock Excavation or Unclassified Excavation, whichever is applicable. 203.051 Drilling and Blasting of Solid Rock Subgrade Subgrade areas shall be shattered to the dimensions as indicated in the Contract Documents or as directed by the Resident. The area of blasted rock subgrade shall extend sufficiently beyond the beginning and end of cut areas to ensure the shattering of all rock to a depth of 4 feet below subgrade elevation to eliminate water pockets. After detonation, any rock that protrudes above the subgrade elevation after subgrade has been proof rolled, shall be removed. When directed by the Resident, the Contractor shall excavate a trench across the blasted rock to determine if the rock is broken and disarranged to a depth of 4 feet below subgrade to ensure that the rock is not simply fractured. Afterwards, the trench shall be backfilled with the rock removed.

203.06 Waste Areas It shall be the responsibility of the Cont ractor to obtain

necessary permits and approvals from all pertinent State and Federal agencies and from the local municipality before the establishment of waste areas off the project, or to verify that the landowner has obtained these permits and approvals. In addition, written permission of the property owners shall be obtained by the Contractor, including permission to dispose of waste in the area. Copies of all agreements between the waste area property owner and the Contractor, on the Contractor’s letterhead, shall be given to the Resident. Provisions shall be made for temporary and permanent erosion c ontrols at waste areas, which shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, grading the surface to drain, covering the surface with loam or other earthy material that will support growth and seeding and mulching. Entrances to waste areas located within wooded areas shall be in accordance with Subsection 203.07 - Haul Roads. All trees that are damaged, uprooted or otherwise moved becaus e of the waste material, and trees that have had waste material placed around them to the extent that they may die, shall be cut and removed at the expense of the Contractor. 2-21 Designated waste areas may be established by the Department. When such waste areas are established, the location and other conditions relating to them will be described in the Contract Documents.

203.07 Haul Roads In wooded areas, haul roads shall be kept t o a minimum width

and placed at approximately right angles to the road or angled away from view of oncoming traffic.

203.08 Borrow Refer to Section 105.8.6 - Pit or Quarry Requi rements.

The Contractor shall notify the Resident sufficiently in advan ce of opening any borrow areas so that survey measurements of the ground surface after stripping may be taken. The Contractor shall submit borrow material test results to the Department prior to being used. Existing pits shall, when directed, be graded and shaped by the Contractor before being surveyed for initial measurements.

203.09 Preparation of the Embankment Area When the depth of t he embankment,

measured vertically below subgrade, does not exceed 5 feet, the area on which the embankment is to be placed shall be grubbed as defined in Subsection 203.01 a. When the embankment is more than 5 feet deep, as measured above, all vegetation in the embankment area shall be cut as specified in Section 201 - Clearing Right-of-Way. When fill material is placed against existing slopes or previously placed fill, the interface shall be continuously benched by excavating steps of sufficient width to permit operations of placing and compacting the additional material. Material removed shall be placed and compacted along with the new embankment material.

203.10 Embankment Construction - General Layers of material f or embankments

shall start at the deepest portion of the fill and as placement progresses, layers shall be constructed approximately horizontal. Roadway embankment of earth material shall be placed in layers not exceeding 8 inches, loose measure, unless otherwise approved, and the material compacted as specified before the next layer is placed; however, when placing layers of specified thickness is not feasible, such as filling in water, over swampy ground or over cleared areas, the initial layer of embankment may be constructed in one layer to an elevation where bridging will be accomplished. In embankment areas where no grubbing is required, the material placed in the first layer shall be of sufficient depth to cover all stumps. When the excavation or borrow consists predominantly of fragments of such size that the material cannot be placed in embankments in layers of specified thickness without breaking down the pieces, such material may be placed in layers in thickness not exceeding the approximate average size of the larger rocks but, in no case, shall layers exceed 2 feet. 2-22 Rocks exceeding this thickness shall be separated and collectively placed in accordance with the requirements for rock embankments. Each layer shall be leveled and smoothed by even distribution of rock spalls and finer rock fragments or earth. The Resident may test any or all layers by moisture and density control as specified in Section 203.12 - Construction of Earth Embankment with Moisture and Density Control, which are constructed in depths exceeding 8 inches. The layers so constructed shall not be placed above an elevation that is 2 feet below the finished subgrade. The remainder of the embankment shall be composed of suitable material smoothed and placed in layers not exceeding 8 inches, loose thickness, and compacted as specified for earth embankments. When it is impractical to construct layers over the full width of the cross section, partial width layers may be authorized. The Contractor shall spread, grade and compact each layer to o btain uniform thickness and produce an embankment surface free from low spots and ridges to provide direct drainage of water. Water shall be added to, or removed from, the material as necessary to obtain required compaction. Construction equipment shall be routed uniformly over the entire surface of each layer. Embankments within 50 feet of a bridge abutment, structural pl ate or box culvert type structure shall be compacted by the moisture and density control method as specified in Section 203.12 - Construction of Earth Embankment with Moisture and Density Control, except that rock embankments may be constructed over culverts as specified in Section

203.15 Construction of Rock Embankments.

Where guardrail is to be installed, rock shall not be placed i n the embankment under the location of the guardrail to an elevation 5.5 feet below the finished grade of the shoulder. Rocks, broken concrete and other solid materials shall not be placed in any portions of embankments where piling is to be placed or driven or where Utility facilities are to be placed. Excess or unsuitable excavated material, including rock and bo ulders, which cannot be used in embankments, shall be placed in acceptable waste areas. Excavation that is unsuitable for use due to excessive moistur e content may be rendered satisfactory by combining it with Granular Borrow or granular excavation when, and as, approved by the Resident. If the embankment is required to be deposited on only one side of abutments, wing walls, piers or culvert headwalls, care shall be taken that the area immediately adjacent to the structure is not compacted excessively to the extent that it will cause overturning of, or 2-23 excessive pressure against, the structure. When embankment is to be placed on both sides of a concrete wall, structural plate or box type structure, operations shall be so conducted that the embankment is always at approximately the same elevation on both sides of the structure. At the close of each day's work, the embankment surface shall be graded, crowned, smoothed and rolled to minimize infiltration of water. The portion of the embankment and subbase outside a 1 vertical to 1½ horizontal slope ex-tending from the edge of the finished shoulder to the existing ground, as shown on the Standard Detail 203(01), Muck Excavation And Waste Disposal, will be required to be compacted only to the extent that stability of the slope is assured. As construction of the embankment progresses, material placed in the portion of the embankment outside the 1 vertical to 1½ horizontal slope shall not be placed above the elevation of the surface of the main embankment unless provisions are made to allow drainage of surface water from the embankment. The surface of the slopes shall be finished to present a uniform neat appearance. The portion of the embankment inside the aforementioned 1 vertical to 1½ horizontal slope lines shall be compacted in accordance with the designated embankment compaction requirements specified for the project.

203.11 Construction of Earth Embankment-Layer Method The layer method will be

required unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise approved, the material shall be deposited and spread upon compacted material in full width layers not more than 8 inches in depth, loose measure. Clay or loam soils shall be compacted by use of sheepsfoot or tamping type roller having a minimum weight on each tamper, under working conditions, of 250 psi of cross sectional bearing area. Sand or gravel soils shall be compacted by vibratory type compaction equipment or by pneumatic tired equipment and, if necessary, by the addition of water. A combination of the above or other methods capable of producing equivalent results may be used. The compacting operations shall be continued until each layer is compacted to its full depth and width. With approval, the Contractor may place layers in excess of 8 inches and less than 24 inches, loose measure, providing the Contractor demonstrates that the compaction requirements as specified in Section 203.13 are obtained and the Contractor agrees to make necessary test excavations for testing to determine that the in-place density requirements are met.

203.12 Construction of Earth Embankment with Moisture and Density Control The

Contract Documents and/or Section 203.10 will designate the areas to be constructed with moisture and density control and the distance below subgrade to which such methods shall be applied. The moisture content at the time of compaction shall be suitable to obtain the 2-24 required density. The maximum density and required density shall be determined in accordance with Section 203.13.

203.13 Compaction Testing and Requirements Where compaction testing is required by

this specification or by Special Provision, and unless otherwise specified, the following shall apply: All field density tests will be performed by the Department in accordance with AASHTO T 310. The maximum density and compaction requirements shall be determined by one of the following: For material where the percent retained on the ¾ inch sieve is 40 percent, or less: The maximum density shall be determined in accordance with AASHTO T 180, Method C or D, correcting for oversize particles as provided in Annex A, except that the material may have a maximum retained on the ¾ inch sieve of 40 percent, or less; each layer placed shall be compacted to not less than 90 percent of the maximum density determined in this manner. For material that exceeds 40 percent retained on the ¾ inch sieve: A 300-foot section at the start of the operation will be designated as the control section, unless a shorter section is approved by the Resident; the Contractor shall add or remove water to the control section as directed until the Department determines that optimum moisture has been obtained; the control section shall then be rolled as directed using the specified compaction equipment until the Department determines that four consecutive passes do not increase the dry density by more than 1 lb./ft 3; the compaction process shall be repeated for each roller; once the compaction process is complete, the Department will perform several additional density tests; the average of these tests shall be used to determine the maximum density of the control section; each layer placed shall be compacted until a density of not less than 98 percent of the maximum density has been achieved, as determined in this manner.

203.15 Construction of Rock Embankments The material for rock embankment shall

be placed in compacted layers not exceeding 3 feet in depth. Depositing the rock directly over the end of the fill from the hauling equipment will not be permitted; rather, it shall be deposited on the fill and pushed into place. The top of the rock embankment shall be so choked that there will be no infiltration of the earth embankment placed on the top of the rock embankment. This method shall be used only in fills in excess of 4 feet in depth. In no case shall the rock embankment be placed within 1 foot of subgrade (5.5 feet in guardrail areas). When structures are located under rock embankment, they shall be covered with not less than 2 feet of earth excavation or borrow before the rock embankment is placed over the structures. 2-25

203.16 Winter Construction of Embankments Frozen material shall not be placed in the

core embankment. The construction of embankments may continue during freezing weather only when all frozen material in the top of the core embankment or the existing ground is moved to the waste area before placing additional material. When this procedure results in additional borrow quantity, the additional borrow will not be paid for directly. Compaction shall be in accordance with the specified method of embankment construction. When the prevailing temperatures are below 30°F, all material used in embankment construction shall have a moisture content, at the time of compaction, equal to or less than the optimum moisture content. The embankment shall not be constructed upon frozen material e xcept that such construction of embankments may be allowed providing the total depth of the added fill, including bases, plus the depth of the frozen material beneath does not exceed 5 feet. Frozen material may be left in the embankment only if it has been compacted as specified before freezing. The Contractor shall not resume construction of any embankments built in this manner until all frozen material has thawed. If test holes are required to make this determination they shall be dug and backfilled with satisfactory compaction at the Contractor's expense. Before additional material is added, uncompacted material on the surface of such embankments shall be either recompacted in accordance with the specified method of embankment construction or removed.

203.17 Preparation and Protection of the Subgrade Unless othe rwise provided, the

subgrade shall be brought to a condition of uniform stability and compacted for the full width of the roadway by grading and rolling operations and shall be maintained to no tolerance above, or 3 inches below, the required grade and cross section. The surface shall be compacted to uniform density and stability and graded to the extent that puddles of water will not form. Additional material required because of low subgrade shall be furnished and placed at the expense of the Contractor. The required compaction shall be the same as specified for emb ankments. When the subgrade occurs in cuts, the required compaction shall apply to a depth of 6 inches below subgrade, unless otherwise specified. The Contractor shall protect the subgrade from damage. Ditche s and drains along the roadway shall be maintained to effectively drain the subgrade. In no case shall vehicles be allowed to travel in a single track and form ruts. No material shall be deposited on a subgrade until the subgrade has been approved.

203.18 Method of Measurement Except as otherwise provided, ex cavation and

borrow will be measured by the number of cubic yards measured in place by survey measurements.. Measurements will include slides in Common Excavation and Unclassified Excavation, not attributable to carelessness of the Contractor, and authorized excavation of earth, bedrock, shale, muck or other unsuitable material. Volumes will be computed by the average end area method or by other methods generally recognized as conforming to good engineering practice. 2-26 When Granular Borrow or Gravel Borrow is placed for backfill b ehind bridge abutments and around structural plate pipes, pipe arches, and plate arches to the lines, grades, and dimensions shown in the Contract Documents, the quantity measured for payment will be that portion of the number of cubic yards shown in the Schedule of Items that is estimated for the structure. This quantity is considered final, and no adjustments will be made except under the following conditions:

203.19 Basis of Payment The accepted quantity of excavation a nd borrow will be

paid for at the Contract unit price per cubic yard for each of the pay items included in the Schedule of Items. Payment shall be full compensation for obtaining borrow when required and for excavating, loading, rehandling, hauling, placing, grading and compacting all material necessary for the formation of embankments. It shall also include full compensation for disposing of unsuitable and surplus material when necessary. It shall also include excavation in embankments for determining compaction density. No payment will be made for unauthorized work done beyond authorized pay limits. Payment for removal of unstable material below subgrade in cut s will be paid at the Contract unit price per cubic yard for Common Excavation or Unclassified Excavation, whichever is appropriate. Payment for placing and compacting backfill, except for specia l fill or backfill, specified under Special Provisions or other Standard Specifications, will not be paid for separately but will be included in the payment for any one of the related excavation items, provided however, there is suitable excavation material available in its original position at the time of backfilling. When there is no suitable material available for backfilling, the material authorized will be paid for under the Contract item for the class of material used. When bedrock is encountered and no item is included in the Con tract for its removal, the excavation of the bedrock will be paid for at 6 times the Contract unit price for Common Excavation. The furnishing and placing of backfill material between the be drock remaining and the normal subgrade line of rock cuts and between the bedrock remaining and the finished surface of ditches in rock cuts will not be paid for directly, but shall be considered incidental to the Work. The quantity of Aggregate Subbase or Aggregate Base for payment in rock cuts shall include only the material placed above the normal subgrade lines. Costs for furnishing and placing material necessary to backfill and to grade rock cut slopes designated to be constructed on a slope of 1 vertical to 2 horizontal or flatter, will be considered to be included under the payment for the material used, either excavation or borrow. When muck is encountered, the excavation of the muck will be p aid for at the Contract unit price bid for Common Excavation or Unclassified Excavation. Excavation which requires more than one handling prior to fina l placement in the embankments, including material placed as backfill and loamy top soil to be stockpiled and reserved for later use on the slopes, will be paid for at the Contract unit price for Common Excavation, Unclassified Excavation or Rock Excavation, as applicable, for each handling approved by the Department. It may be paid for under another Contract item for the second 2-29 handling when so authorized. Each handling shall be considered to include the operations of excavating, loading, transporting, unloading and disposing of earth or rock material. Excavation for unstable slopes for slope blanket backfill, as specified in Subsection

203.04 General, will be paid for at twice the Contract unit price bid for Common

Excavation. Backfill material will be paid for as specified in Subsection 304.07 - Basis of Payment. Excavation for benching to receive embankments will not be pai d for directly but shall be incidental to the related Contract items. Water added to embankment material to aid in compaction will n ot be paid for directly but shall be considered incidental to related Contract items. Payment for compacting the soils in the abutment and pier area s, after the topsoil has been removed, will not be made directly but shall be considered incidental to related Contract items. Removing Portland cement concrete pavement and Portland cement concrete base course, when not included in the Contract as a separate pay item, will be paid for under Pay Item 203.21 - Rock Excavation. Payment for excavating or filling and compacting material in b uilding or other foundation holes, whether existing or created by the removal of structures and obstructions, will be made under the appropriate pay item for excavation or borrow and no additional allowances will be made. All work and materials required to grade, loam, seed and mulch waste areas and associated haul roads to allow the surfaces to drain and to control erosion will not be paid for directly but will be considered incidental to related Contract items. Stripping pits to obtain necessary borrow will not be paid for separately but will be considered incidental to related Contract items. When Common Excavation and Rock Excavation are reclassified as Unclassified Excavation, payment will be made for the reclassified items under Pay Item 203.22 - Unclassified Excavation, at the identical unit bid price. The accepted quantities of Drilled and Blasted Solid Rock Subg rade will be paid for at the Contract unit price per square yard. Payment will be full compensation for performing the work specified including the removal of blasted bedrock that may swell above subgrade and its disposition on the project as directed by the Resident. Excavation and backfill required to inspect the depth of broken rock below subgrade will be paid for at the Contract unit price per cubic yard for Structural Rock Excavation – Drainage and Minor Structures. 2-30 The accepted quantity of Presplitting Rock will be paid for at the Contract unit price per linear foot. All costs incurred by the Contractor in preparing an approved blasting plan, in maintaining a blasting log, and in adopting revised blasting methods necessary to produce an acceptable test shot shall be considered incidental to related Contract items. The accepted quantity of Culvert Bedding Stone will be paid for at the Contract unit price per cubic yard, complete and in place. Payment will be made under: P a y I t e m P a y U n i t

203.20 Common Excavation C u b i c Y a r d

203.21 Rock Excavation C u b i c Y a r d

203.211 Presplitting Rock L i n e a r F o o t 203.213 Drilling and Blasting of Solid Rock Subgrade Square yard

203.22 Unclassified Excavation C u b i c Y a r d

203.24 Common Borrow C u b i c Y a r d

203.25 Granular Borrow C u b i c Y a r d

203.26 Gravel Borrow C u b i c Y a r d

203.27 Rock Borrow C u b i c Y a r d

203.35 Crushed Stone 3/4-inch Cubic Yard

203.55 Culvert Bedding Stone Cubic Yard

Excavation and Embankment in other states

• Alaska 203 · EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT
• Colorado 203 · Excavation And Embankment
• Indiana 203 · EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT
• Louisiana 203 · Excavation and Embankment
• Mississippi 203 · Excavation and Embankment
• Montana 203 · Excavation and Embankment
• North Dakota 203 · EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT