9-5 Section 902. Aggregates
902.01. General Requirements The Department may re-inspect and retest aggregates regardless of inspection at the producing plant . Provide safe access to the material for sampling from haul units or stockpiles. Do not use spent metal casting foundry sand unless the contract expressly allows for its use. Do not contaminate aggregate during loading or measurement. 902.02. Testing Test aggregate materials in accordance with the following: Material Test Wire Cloth and Sieves .......................................................... AASHTO M92 Materials Finer than 75 mm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing ........................................ AASHTO T11 Specific Gravity and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate .......................................................... AASHTO T85 Specific Gravity and Absorption of Fine Aggregates ............................................................. AASHTO T84 Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregate ....................... AASHTO T27 Sampling and Testing Fly Ash ...................................... ASTM C311 /C311M Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregate ..................................... AASHTO T21 Sieve Analysis of Mineral Filler .............................................. AASHTO T37 Mortar Strength ...................................................................... AASHTO T71 Particle Size Analysis ............................................................. AASHTO T88 Plastic Fines in Graded Aggregates and Soils by Use of the Sand Equivalent Test ........................ AASHTO T 176 Uncompacted Void Content of Fine Aggregate .................... AASHTO T304 Sand Equivalent of Fine Aggregate ........................................ ASTM D2419 Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregate .......................... ASTM D4791 Water Asphalt Preferential Test .................................................... MTM 101 Los Angeles ( LA) Abrasion Resistance of Aggregate ............................................................................ MTM 102 Insoluble Residue in Carbonate Aggregate .................................. MTM 103 MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-6 Sampling Aggregates ................................................................... MTM 107
Loss by Washing .......................................................................... MTM 108 Sieve Analysis of Aggregate ......................................................... MTM 109 Deleterious and Objectionable Particles ....................................... MTM 110 Aggregate Wear Index .................................................................. MTM 111 Aggregate Wear Index .................................................................. MTM 112 Selection and Preparation of Coarse Aggregate Samples for Freeze-Thaw Testing ............................................ MTM 113 Making Concrete Specimens for Freeze-Thaw Testing on Concrete Coarse Aggregate .................................... MTM 114 Freeze-Thaw Testing of Coarse Aggregate ................................... MTM 115 Crushed Particles in Aggregates ................................................... MTM 117 Angularity Index of Fine Aggregate ............................................... MTM 118 Sampling Open-Graded Drainage Course Compacted in Place .................................................................. MTM 119 Dry Unit Weight ( Loose Measure) of Coarse Aggregate ................................................................ MTM 123 Determining Percentage of Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and Elongated Particles in Aggregate .............................................................. MTM 130 Determining Specific Gravity and Absorption of Coarse Aggregates .................................................................. MTM 320 Determining Specific Gravity and Absorption of Fine Aggregates ....................................................................... MTM 321
A.Definitions . The Department uses the following terminology in the testing and acceptance of aggregates: Base Fineness Modulus . Average fineness modulus typical of the source for a specific fine aggregate. Cobblestones (Cobbles) . Rock fragments, usually rounded or semi -rounded, with an average dimension between 3 and 10 inches. Crushed Concrete Aggregate . Crushed Portland cement concrete. Crushed Particles. Particles with at least one fractured face. The contract will specify the number of fractured faces based on required use. Unless otherwise specified, one fractured face is considered a crushed particle. MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-7 Iron Blast Furnace Slag . Synthetic nonmetallic byproduct simultaneously
produced with pig iron in a blast furnace that consists primarily of a fused mixture of oxides of silica, alumina, calcium, and magnesia. Manufactured Fine Aggregate . 100% crushed rock, gravel, iron blast -furnace slag, reverberatory furnace slag, or steel furnace slag. Natural Aggregates. Aggregates that originated from stone quarries, gravel, sand, or igneous/metamorphic rock deposits. Natural Sand 2NS and 2MS . Fine, clean, hard, durable, uncoated particles of sand free of clay lumps and soft or flaky granular material resulting from the natural disintegration of rock and used in concrete mixtures, mortar mixtures, and intrusion grout for pre-placed aggregate concrete. Relative Density ( oven dry [ OD]). Specific gravity of aggregate that is dried or assumed to be dried. The aggregate is considered dried when it has been maintained at a temperature of 110 ± 5°C for sufficient time to remove all combined water by reaching a constant mass. Reverberatory Furnace Slag . Nonmetallic byproduct of refined copper ore. Salvaged Aggregate. Dense- graded aggregate or open-graded aggregat e saved or manufactured from Department project sources that may consist of natural aggregate or blast furnace slag with particle sizes no greater than 2 inches and no visible organic or foreign matter. Slag Aggregates. Byproducts formed in the production of iron, copper, and steel. Soft Particles . Structurally weak particles or particles experiencing environmental deterioration, including shale, siltstone, friable sandstone, ochre, coal, and clay ironstone. Steel Furnace Slag . Synthetic byproduct of basic oxygen, electric , or open-hearth steel furnaces that consist primarily of a fused mixture of oxides of calcium, silica, iron, alumina, and magnesia. Stone Sand 2SS. Sand manufactured from stone sources . The sources must meet the physical requirements for c oarse aggregate 6A prior to crushing. Stone sand in concrete base course or structural concrete is allowed only if not exposed to vehicular traffic. 902.03. Coarse Aggregates for Portland Cement Concrete For coarse aggregates for Portland cement concrete, use Michigan Class 6AAA, 6AA, 6A, 17A, and 26A coarse aggregate produced from natural aggregate, iron blast furnace slag, or reverberatory furnace slag sources. MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-8 The C ontractor may produce Michigan Class 6A, 17A , and 26A from crushed
Portland cement concrete for uses specified in this subsection. Ensure that the relative density (OD) falls within the limits established by freeze-thaw testing. Provide coarse aggregates f or Portland cement concrete in accordance with Table 902-1, Table 902-2, and this subsection.
A.Slag Coarse Aggregate. Use slag coarse aggregate consisting of iron blast furnace slag or reverberatory furnace slag with a dry (loose measure) unit weight of at least 70 pounds per cubic foot in accordance with MTM 123.
B.Crushed Concrete Coarse Aggregate. Use Department -owned concrete on the project to produce crushed concrete coarse aggregate. The Contractor may use crushed concrete coarse aggregate in the following concrete mixtures: curb and gutter, valley gutter, sidewalk, concrete barriers, driveways, temporary pavement, interchange ramps with a commercial average daily traffic (ADT ) of less than 250, and concrete shoulders. Do not use crushed concrete coarse aggregate in the following: mainline pavements or ramps with a commercial ADT greater than or equal to 250, concrete base course, bridges, box or slab culverts, headwalls, retaining walls, pre-stressed concrete, or other heavily reinforced concrete. Avoid contamination with non- concrete materials, including joint sealants, hot mix asphalt ( HMA ) patching, and base layer aggregate or soil, when processing crushed concrete coarse aggregate. Limit contamination particles retained on the ⅜ -inch sieve to no greater than 3.0 %, based on a particle count of the total retained ⅜ -inch aggregate particles . Aggregate stockpile contaminated with building brick, wood, or plaster will be rejected. Steel r einforcement pieces may remain in the stockpile if they can pass the maximum grading sieve size without aid. Ensure that the fine aggregate portion of the gradation does not exceed a liquid limit of 25.0% or a plasticity index of 4.0 . The Engineer will tes t the freeze-thaw durability of crushed concrete coarse aggregate for each project . After the Department ’s central laboratory receives the aggregate samples from the supplier , each test will require at least 3 months. Crush concrete ensuring that it maintains uniform aggregate properties with no apparent segregation. The relative density (OD) must not vary more than ±0.05 and absorption by more than ±0.40. Separate crushed concrete aggregate according to the original coarse aggregate type, except in the following situations: MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-9 1. If the weighed quantities of each aggregate type retained on the No. 4
sieve do not differ from the average quantities obtained from at least three representative samples by more than 10% ; or
2.If using aggregate produced from concrete pavement with only one type of aggregate but repaired with concrete patches with a different aggregate type.
C.Aggregates for Optimized Gradation
1.Coarse Aggregate Requirements
a.Coarse aggregate includes all aggregate particles greater than or retained on the 3/4-inch sieve.
b.The physical requirements for the coarse aggregate are as specified in Table 902-1 and as follows : High-performance concrete mixtures – Class 6AAA; and All other concrete mixtures requiring optimized gradation – Class 6AA.
c.The m aximum loss by w ashing (LBW) per MTM 108 is 2.0% for materials produced entirely by crushing rock, boulders, cobbles, slag or concrete; otherwise 1.0 %.
d.The maximum 24-hour soak absorption is 2.5 0%.
2.Intermediate Aggregate Requirements
a.Intermediate aggregate includes all aggregate particles passing the 3/4-inch sieve through those retained on the No. 4 sieve.
b.The physical requirements for intermediate aggregate are as specified in Table 902-1 for Class 26A.
c.The maximum LBW per MTM 108 is 3.0%.
3.Fine Aggregate Requirements
a.Fine aggregate includes all aggregates particles passing the No. 4 sieve.
b.The fine aggregate must meet the requirements of subsection 902.08. 902.04. Chip Seal Aggregates For single chip seal, use 34CS aggregate with a maximum moisture content in accordance with Table 902- 8 and as described in MDOT ’s Procedures for MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-10 Aggregate Inspection, calculated in accordance with section 109 at the time
of placement, and in accordance with Table 902- 7 and Table 902- 8. For double chip seal, use CS -T aggregate with a maximum moisture content in accordance with Table 902- 8 and as described in MDOT ’s Procedures for Aggregate Inspection, calculated in accordance with section 109 at the time of placement, and in accordance with Table 902- 7 and Table 902- 8. 902.05. Dense-Graded Aggregates for Base Course, Surface Course, Shoulders, Approaches , and Patching When necessary, combine fine aggregate with natural aggregate, iron blast -furnace slag, reverberatory furnace slag, or crushed concrete to produce Michigan Class 21AA, 21A, 22A, 23A, and 23A A dense- graded aggregates in accordance with Table 902-1, Table 902-2, and this subsection. The use of crushed concrete is prohibited on the project within 100 feet of any water course (stream, river, county drain, etc.) and lake regardless of the application or location of the water course or lake relative to the project limits. Dense-graded aggregate prod uced by crushing Portland cement concrete must not contain more than 5.0 % building rubble or HMA by particle count . The Department defines building rubble as building brick, wood, plaster, or other material . Pieces of steel reinforcement capable of passing through the maximum grading sieve size without aid are allowed. Do not use Class 21AA, 21A , or 22A dense-graded aggregate produced by crushing Portland cement concrete to construct an aggregate base or an aggregate separation layer when the dense- graded layer drains into an underdrain unless at least one of the following conditions apply:
A.A vertical layer of at least 12 inches of granular Class I, II, IIA, or IIAA exists between the dense-graded aggregate layer and an underdrain; or
B.A geotextile lin er or blocking membrane that will be a barrier to leachate is placed between the crushed concrete and the underdrain. Produce Class 23A dense-graded aggregate from steel furnace slag for use only as an unbound aggregate surface course or an unbound aggregate shoulder. 902.06. Open -Graded Aggregates for Earthwork, Open -Graded Drainage Courses, and Underdrains Use Michigan Class 4G, 34G, 34R , and 46G open- graded aggregates produced from natural aggregate, iron blast -furnace slag, or reverberatory furnace slag in accordance with Table 902-1 and Table 902- 2. Class 4G may be produced from crushed concrete. MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-11 The use of crushed concrete is prohibited on the project within 100 feet of
any water course (stream, river, county drain, etc.) and lake regardless of the application or location of the water course or lake relative to the project limits. Open-graded aggregate 4G produced by crushing Portland cement concrete must not contain more than 5.0 % building rubble or HMA by par ticle count . The Department defines building rubble as building brick, wood, plaster, or other material . Pieces of steel reinforcement capable of passing through the maximum grading sieve size without aid are allowed. 902.07. Granular Materials for Fill and Subbase Use granular materials consisting of sand, gravel, crushed stone, iron blast -furnace slag, reverberatory furnace slag , or a blend of aggregates in accordance with Table 902-3 and this subsection. The C ontractor may make the following substitutions:
A.Class I, Class IIAA, or Dense -Graded Aggregate 21A, 21AA , or 22A material for Class II material;
B.Class I, Class II, Class IIA, Class IIAA, Class IIIA , or Dense- Graded Aggregate 21A, 21AA , or 22A material for Class III material;
C.Class I material for Class IIAA material; and
D.Dense-Graded Aggregate 21A, 21AA , or 22A material for Class IIA. Do not use material with cementitious properties or with permeability characteristics that do not meet design parameters for subbase. Granular material produced from crushed Portland cement concrete is not permitted. The Engineer may allow the placement of granular material produced from steel furnace slag below the top 3 feet of the embankment and fill. 902.08. Fine Aggregates for Portland Cement Concrete and Mortar Test for organic impurities in accordance with AASHTO T21. The aggregate must not produce a color darker than Organic Plate No. 3 (Gardener Color Standard No. 11). The Engineer may approve the use of fine aggregate that fails the test for organic impurities based on one of the following:
A.The discoloration resulted from small quantities of coal, lignite, or similar discrete particles, or
B.The tested concrete develops a relative 7 -day strength of at least 95% in accordance with AASHTO T71. MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-12 Uniformly grade the aggregate from coarse to fine in accordance with
Table 902-4 . Fine aggregate 2NS, 2SS, and 2MS must meet fineness modulus requirements in Table 902- 4. Do not use crushed Portland cement concrete fine aggregate in concrete mixtures. 902.09. Aggregate General Requirements for HMA Mixtures Use aggregate materials meeting the requirements of Table 902- 5 and Table 902-6 for the HMA mix number and type required, respectively .
A.Coarse Aggregates. For HMA mixtures, use natural aggregate, iron blast -furnace slag, reverberatory furnace slag, steel furnace slag, or crushed concrete as coarse aggregate.
B.Fine Aggregates . For HMA mixtures, use natural aggregate, iron blast -furnace slag, reverberatory furnace slag, steel furnace slag, manufactured fine aggregate, or a uniformly graded blend as fine aggregate. Fine aggregates must be clean, hard, durable, uncoated, and free of clay lumps, organi c matter, soft or flakey material , and other foreign matter. 902.10. Surface Treatment Aggregates
A.Paver -Placed Surface Seal . For paver -placed surface seal, use aggregate 27SS or 30SS consisting of material meeting the requirements in subsection 902.09.B and in acc ordance with Table 902-7 and Table 902-8.
B.Micro -Surfacing . For micro surfacing, use 2FA and 3FA aggregates consisting of crushed material from a quarried stone, natural gravel, slag source, or a blend in accordance with Table 902- 7 and Table 902- 8.
C.Slurry Seal . For slurry seal, use 2FA aggregate consisting of crushed material from a quarried stone, natural gravel, slag source, or a blend in accordance with Table 902-7 and Table 902- 8. 902.11. Mineral Filler for HMA Mixtures For HMA mixtures, use dry, 3MF mineral filler consisting of limestone dust, dolomite dust, fly ash collected by an electrostatic precipitation method, slag, or hydrated lime with 100% passing the No. 30 sieve and 75% to 100 % passing the No. 200 sieve. Mineral filler must be from a Department -approved source or must be tested on a per -project basis . The free carbon content of the fly ash sample must not exceed 12% by weight as measured by t he loss on ignition test in accordance with ASTM C311/C311M . MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902 9-13Table 902-1: Grading Requirements for Coarse Aggregates, Dense- Graded Aggregates, and Open -Graded Aggregates Material Type Series/ Class Item of Work by Section Number (Sequential) Sieve Analysis (MTM 109) Total % Passing(a) LBW (MTM 108) % Passing 2½ inch 2 inch 1½ in ch 1 inch ¾ inch ½ inch ⅜ inch No. 4 No. 8 No. 30 No. 200(a) Coarse aggregates 6AAA(b) 602, 1004 — — 100 90–100 60 – 85 30–60 — 0–8 — — ≤1.0(c) 6AA(b) 406, 602, 706, 708, 806, 1004, 1006 — — 100 95–100 — 30–60 — 0–8 — — ≤1.0(c) 6A 206, 401, 402, 406, 602, 603, 706, 806, 1004, 1006 — — 100 95–100 — 30–60 — 0–8 — — ≤1.0(c) 17A 401, 406, 706, 708, 1004 — — — 100 90–100 50–75 — 0–8 — — ≤1.0 (c) 25A — — — — 100 95–100 60–90 5–30 0–12 — ≤3.0 26A 706, 712, 1004, 1006 — — — — 100 95–100 60–90 5–30 0–12 — ≤3.0 29A 1004 — — — — — 100 90–100 10–30 0 –10 — ≤3.0 Dense - graded aggregates 21AA 302, 304, 305, 306, 307 — — 100 85–100 — 50–75 — — 20–45 — 4–8 (d)(e) 21A 302, 305, 306, 307 — — 100 85–100 — 50–75 — — 20–45 — 4–8(d)(e) 22A 302, 305, 306, 307 — — — 100 90–100 — 65–85 — 30–50 — 4–8(d)(e,(f) 23A 306, 307 — — — 100 — — 60–85 — 25–60 — 9–16(e) 23AA 306, 307 — — — 100 — — 60–85 — 25–60 — 9–16(e) MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-14 Table 902- 1 (cont.):
Grading Requirements for Coarse Aggregates, Dense -Graded Aggregates, and Open -Graded Aggregates Material Type Series/ Class Item of Work by Section Number (Sequential) Sieve Analysis (MTM 109) Total % Passing(a) LBW (MTM 108) % Passing 2½ inch 2 inch 1½ in ch 1 inch ¾ inch ½ inch ⅜ inch No. 4 No. 8 No. 30 No. 200(a) Open - graded aggregates 4G (g) 303 — — 100 85–100 — 45–65 — — 15–30 6–18 ≤6.0
h.303 — — 100 85–100 — 45–70 — — 15–35 8–22 ≤8.0 34R 401, 404, 406 — — — — — 100 90– 100 — 0 – 5 — ≤3.0 34G 404, 406 — — — — — 100 95–100 — 0 – 5 — ≤3.0 46G 206, 208, 401, 402, 406, 916 — — 100 95-100 — 30-60 — 0-8 — — ≤3.0
a.Based on dry weights.
b.Class 6AAA will be used exclusively for all mainline and ramp concrete pavement when the directional commercial ADT is greater than or equal to 5 ,000 vehicles per day. Other requirements apply for high -performance concrete.
c.Loss by w ashing (LBW) will not exceed 2.0 % for material produced entirely by crushing rock, boulders, cobbles, slag, or concrete.
d.When used for aggregate base courses, surface courses, shoulders , and approaches and the material is produced entirely by cr ushing rock, boulders, cobbles, slag, or concrete, the maximum limit for L BW must not exceed 10 %.
e.The limits for L BW of dense -graded aggregates are significant to the nearest whole percent.
f.For aggregates produced from sources in Berrien County, the L BW must not exceed 8 % and the sum of LB W, and shale particles must not exceed 10 %.
g.Gradation prior to placement and compaction.
h.Gradation compacted in -place, sampled from the grade in accordance with MTM 119. MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-15 Table 902- 2:
Physical Requirements for Coarse Aggregates, Dense -Graded Aggregates, and Open -Graded Aggregates(a) Material Type Series/ Class Gravel, Stone, and Crushed Concrete Slag(b) All Aggregates Crushed Material, % min . (MTM 117) Loss, % max, LA Abrasion (MTM 102) Soft Particles, % max . (MTM 110) Chert, % max . (MTM 110) Sum of Soft Particles and Chert, % max . (MTM 110) Freeze- Thaw Dilation, % per 100 cycle max . (MTM 115)(c) Sum of Coke and Coal Particles, % max . (MTM 110) Freeze- Thaw Dilation, % per 100 cycles m ax. (MTM 115)(c) Flat and Elongated Particles, ratio % max . (ASTM D4791) (MTM 130) Coarse aggregates(d) 6AAA — 40 2.0(e) 2.5 4.0 0.040(f) 1.0 0.040(f) 3:1–15.0(g) 6AA(h) — 40 2.0(e) — 4.0 0.067(i) 1.0 0.067 — 6A(h) — 40 3.0(e) 7.0 9.0 0.067 1.0 0.067 — 17A(h) — 40 3.5(e) 8.0 10.0 0.067(i) 1.0 0.067 — 25A 95 45 8.0(j) — 8.0 — 1.0 — 3:1–20.0(k) 26A(h) — 40 2.0(e) — 4.0 0.067 1.0 0.067 — 29A 95 45 8.0(j) — 8.0 — 1.0 — 3:1–20.0(k) Dense -graded aggregates(l) 21AA 95 50 — — — 21A 25 50 — — — 22A 25 50 — — — 23A 25 50 — — — 23AA 95 50 — — — MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-16 Table 902- 2 (cont.) :
Physical Requirements for Coarse Aggregates, Dense -Graded Aggregates, and Open -Graded Aggregates(a) Material Type Series/ Class Gravel, Stone, and Crushed Concrete Slag(b) All Aggregates Crushed Material, % min . (MTM 117) Loss, % max, LA Abrasion (MTM 102) Soft Particles, % max . (MTM 110) Chert, % max . (MTM 110) Sum of Soft Particles and Chert, % max . (MTM 110) Freeze- Thaw Dilation, % per 100 cycle max . (MTM 115)(c) Sum of Coke and Coal Particles, % max . (MTM 110) Freeze- Thaw Dilation, % per 100 cycles max . (MTM 115)(c) Flat and Elongated Particles, ratio % max . (ASTM D4791) (MTM 130) Open -graded 4G 95 45(m) — — — 34R ≤20 45(m) — — — 34G 100 45(m) — — — 46G 95 45(m) — — — MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-17 Table 902- 2 (cont.) :
Physical Requirements for Coarse Aggregates, Dense -Graded Aggregates, and Open -Graded Aggregates(a)
a.See subsections 902.03.B, 902.05, and 902.06 for additional physical requirements for coarse aggregate, dense -graded aggregates, and open -graded aggregates, respectively.
b.Iron blast furnace and reverberatory furnace slag must contain no free ( unhydrated) lime.
c.If the relative density (OD) is >0.04 less than the relative density (OD) of the most recently tested freeze -thaw sample, the aggregate will be considered to have changed characteristics and be required to have a new freeze -thaw test per MTM 113 conducted prior to use on Department projects.
d.Grade 3500 concrete requires an optimized aggregate gradation as specified in section 604 . Use aggregates only from geologically natural sources.
e.Clay-ironstone particles must not exceed 1. 0% for 6AAA, 6AA , and 26A, and 2.0 % for 6A and 17A . Clay-ironstone particles are also included in the percentage of soft particles for these aggregates.
f.Maximum freeze -thaw dilation is 0.067 when the directional commercial ADT is less than 5 ,000 vehicl es per day . Maximum dilation is 0.040 for all high -performance concrete.
g.ASTM D4791 Section 8.4 will be followed . The test will be performed on the material retained down to and including the 3/8 -inch sieve.
h.Except for pre -stressed beams, the sum o f soft and chert particles may be up to 3.0 % higher than the values determined from the sample tested for freeze- thaw durability . However, under no circumstances will the deleterious particle percentages exceed the specification limits in Table 902-2 . In addition, a source may be restricted to a minimum percent crushed not to exceed 15 % less than the percent crushed in the freeze-thaw sample . When the freeze -thaw dilation is between 0.040 and 0.067 % per 100 cycles , more restrictive limits will be applied.
i.Maximum dilation of 0.010 for pre-stressed concrete beams.
j.Friable sandstone is included in the soft particle determination for chip seal aggregates.
k.ASTM D4791 Section 8.4 will be followed . The test will be performed on the material retained down to and including the No. 4 sieve.
l.Quarried carbonate (limestone or dolomite) aggregate may not contain over 10% insoluble residue finer than No. 200 sieve when tested in accordance with MTM 103.
m.If a blend of different aggregate sources, the abr asion value applies to each source. MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-18 Table 902- 3:
Grading Requirements for Granular Materials Material Sieve Analysis (MTM 109), Total % Passing(a) LBW % Passing No. 200(a)(b) 6 inch 3 inch 2 inch 1 inch ½ inch ⅜ inch No. 4 No. 30 No. 100 Class I — — 100 — 45–85 — 20–85 5–30 — 0–5 Class II(c) — 100 — 60–100 — — 50–100 — 0–30 0–7 Class IIA(c) — 100 — 60–100 — — 50–100 — 0–35 0–10 Class IIAA — 100 — 60–100 — — 50–100 — 0–20 0–5 Class III 100 95– 100 — — — — 50–100 — — 0–15 Class IIIA — — — — — 100 50–100 — 0–30 0–15
a.Test results based on dry weights.
b.Use test method MTM 108 for L BW.
c.Except for use in granular blankets, Class IIA granular material may be substituted for Class II granular material for projec ts in the following counties : Arenac, Bay, Genesee, Gladwin, Huron, Lapeer, Macomb, Midland, Monroe, Oakland, Saginaw, Sanilac, Shiawassee, St. Clair, Tuscola, and Wayne. MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-19 Table 902- 4:
Grading Requirements for Fine Aggregates Material Sieve Analysis (MTM 109), Total % Passing(a) LBW % Passing No. 200(a)(b) Fineness Modulus Variation(c) ⅜ inch No. 4 No. 8 No. 16 No. 30 No. 50 No. 100 2NS 100 95–100 65–95 35–75 20–55 10–30 0–10 0–3.0 ±0.20(d) 2SS(e) 100 95–100 65–95 35–75 20–55 10–30 0–10 0–4.0 ±0.20(d) 2MS — 100 95–100 — — 15–40 0–10 0–3.0 ±0.20(d)
a.Test results based on dry weights.
b.Use test method MTM 108 for LBW.
c.Aggregate having a fineness modulus differing from the base fineness modulus of the source by the amount exceeding the maximum variation specified in the table will be rejected . Use ASTM C136.
d.The base fineness modulus will be supplied by the aggregate producer at the start of each construction season and be from 2.50 to 3.35 . The base fineness modulus , including the permissible variation, will be from 2.50 to 3.35.
e.Quarried carbonat e (limes tone or dolomite) cannot be used for any application subject to vehicular traffic. MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-20 Table 902- 5:
Superpave Final Aggregate Blend Gradation Requirements Standard Sieve Mix Number 5 4 3 Leveling Course 3 Base Course 2 % Passing Criteria ( Control Points) 1½ inch — — — — 100 1 inch — — 100 100 90– 3/4 inch — 100 90–100 90–100 ≤90 1/2 inch 100 90–100 ≤90 ≤90 — 3/8 inch 90–100 ≤90 — — — No. 4 ≤90 — — — — No. 8 47–67 39–58 35–52 23–52 19–45 No. 16 — — — — — No. 30 — — — — — No. 50 — — — — — No. 100 — — — — — No. 200 2.0– 10.0 2.0–10.0 2.0–8.0 2.0–8.0 1.0– 7.0 MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-21 Table 902- 6:
Superpave Final Aggregate Blend Physical Requirements Est. Traffic (million ESAL) Mix Type Minimum Criteria Maximum Criteria % Crushed(a) Fine Aggregate Angularity % Sand Equivalent LA Abrasion % Loss(b) % Soft Particles(c) % Flat and Elongated Particles(d) Course(s) Course(s) Top and Leveling Base Top and Leveling Base Top and Leveling Base Top and Leveling Base Top and Leveling Base Top and Leveling Base <0.3 EL 55 / — — — — 40 40 45 45 10 10 — — ≥0.3 – <3 EML 75 / — 50 / — 43 40 40 40 35 40 5 5 10 10 ≥3 – <30 EMH 90 / 85 80 / 75 45 40 45 45 35 35 3 4.5 10 10 ≥30 – <100 EH 100 / 100 95 / 90 45 45 50 50 35 35 3 4.5 10 10 ESAL = equivalent single -axle load
a.XX / YY denotes that XX% of the coarse aggregate has one fractured face and YY% has at least two fractured faces.
b.If a blend of different aggregate sources, the abrasion value applies to each source.
c.Soft particles maximum is the sum of the shale, siltstone, ochre, coal, clay -ironstone , and particles that are structurally weak or non -durable in service.
d.Maximum by mass with a 1:5 aspect ratio. MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-22 Table 902- 7:
Capital Preventive Maintenance Final Aggregate Blend Gradation Requirements Material Mechanical Analysis, Total % Passing ¾ inch ½ inch ⅜ inch ¼ inch No. 4 No. 8 No. 16 No. 30 No. 50 No. 100 No. 200(a) 27SS 100 85–100 55–80 — 22–38 19–32 15–24 11–18 8–14 5–10 4–7(b) 30SS — 100 85–100 — 22–38 19–32 15–24 11–18 8–14 5–10 4–7(b) 34CS(c) 100 100 90–100 — 0–15 0–5 — — — — ≤2 CS-T(c) 100 100 100 85–100 — 0–15 — — — — ≤2 2FA — — 100 — 90–100 65–90 45–70 30–50 18–30 10–21 5–15(b) 3FA — — 100 — 70–90 45–70 28–50 19–34 12–25 7–18 5–15(b)
a.Includes mineral filler.
b.No. 200 limits are significant to the nearest whole percent.
c.All aggregate must be washed. MDOT Standard Specifications for Construction Section 902
9-23 Table 902- 8:
Capital Preventive Maintenance Aggregate Blend Physical Requirements Material % Crushed (Min.) MTM 117(k) Angularity Index (Min. ) MTM 118 Uncompacted Void (Min. ) AASHTO T304 LA Abrasion (% Loss Max.) MTM 102(f) Aggregate Wear Index (AWI) (Min.) MTM 111, 112(h) Soft Particles (% Max .) MTM 110 Sand Equivalent (% Min .) AASHTO T176 Flat, Elongated, or Flat and Elongated (% Max .) ASTM D4791 Absorp. (% Max .) AASHTO T85 Micro- Deval (% Loss Max.) AASHTO T327 27SS(e) 100 / 90 — 40 35 260 5.0(a) 45 25.0(b) 3.0 18 30SS(e) 100 / 90 — 40 35 260 5.0(a) 45 25.0(b) 3.0 18 34CS(j ) ADT ≥ 4,000 100 / 90 — — 35(g) 260(i) 3.5(a) — 15.0(b) — — ADT < 4 ,000 95 / 85 — — 35(g) 220 3.5(a) — 15.0(b) — — CS-T(j) ADT ≥ 4 ,000 100 / 90 — — 35(g) 260(i) 3.5(a) — — — — ADT < 4 ,000 95 / 85 — — 35(g) 220 3.5(a) — — — — 2FA — 4.0(c) — 45 260 — 60(d) — — — 3FA — 4.0 — 45 260 — 60 — — —
a.Sum of shale, siltstone, clay -ironstone, and structurally weak.
b.For material retained on the No. 4 sieve and above, ensure that the ratio between length to width, width to thickness, and length to thickness is no greater than 3:1.
c.Angularity Index must exceed 2.0 for at least 50 % of the blending sands for slurry seal applications.
d.Does not apply to slurry seals.
e.Must be 100% virgin aggregate.
f.If a blend of different aggregate sources, the abrasion value applies to each source.
g.Natural aggregate. LA abrasion maximum loss of 45% for iron blast -furnace slag aggregate.
h.Does not apply to a shoulder chip seal or interlayer application.
i.Single- chip seals. For double-chip seals, a 260 min. AWI of a 60/40 weighted ave rage in which t he top course will be weighted at 60% and base course will be weighted at 40% with the higher AWI aggregate as the top course.
j.Moisture content at time of placement ≤4%.
k.XX / YY denotes that XX% of the coarse aggregate has one fractu red face and YY% has at least two fractured faces.
Source: Michigan Standard Specifications for Construction, 2020 Edition. Pages 815–833 of 1,146.