Washington Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction (M 41-10) — Section 2-02

Page 2-4 M 41-102-02 Removal of Structures and Obstructions

2-02.1 Description

The Work described in this section includes removing and disposing of, or salvaging, materials named in the Special Provisions or identified by the Engineer. The Work also includes the backfilling of trenches, holes, or pits that result from such removal.

2-02.2 Vacant

2-02.3 Construction Requirements

With certain exceptions, the Contractor shall raze, remove, and dispose of all buildings and foundations, Structures, fences, and other obstructions that lie wholly or partially within the Right of Way. The exceptions are utility-owned equipment and any other items the Contracting Agency may direct the Contractor to leave intact. When salvageable material is to remain Contracting Agency property, the Special Provisions will identify the material and describe how the Contractor shall remove it and where it will be stored. Any material not named in the Special Provisions as Contracting Agency property will become the property of the Contractor and shall be removed from the project. The Contractor may dispose of waste material in Contracting Agency-owned sites if the Special Provisions or the Engineer permits it. Otherwise, the Contractor shall arrange to dispose of waste at no expense to the Contracting Agency and the disposal shall meet the requirements of Section 2-03.3(7)C .

2-02.3(1) Removal of Foundations

When removing foundations the Contractor shall:

1.Remove foundations to a depth of at least 5 feet below finished ground elevation or Subgrade elevation, whichever is lower.

2.Break up basement floors to promote drainage.

3.Fill basements or other cavities left by the removal of Structures. The fill shall match the level of surrounding ground. Fill within the slopes of the Roadbed shall be compacted to meet the requirements of Section 2-03.3(14)C , Method B.

2-02.3(2) Removal of Bridges, Box Culverts, and Other Drainage Structures

When salvaging any steel or wooden bridge that will remain Contracting Agency property, the Contractor shall prevent unnecessary damage to the material. Steel members shall be match-marked. Unless otherwise directed, the Contractor shall remove foundations of existing Structures to a point 2 feet below: the finished ground elevation, the adjacent ground elevation, or the natural stream bottom. If a foundation lies wholly or partially on the site of a new Structure, it shall be removed to a level that accommodates building the new Structure. Any blasting shall be subject to the Engineer’s approval. The Contractor must complete all blasting before the placement of new Work.

2-02.3(2)A Bridge and Structure Removal

2-02.3(2)A1 Bridge Demolition Plan Submittal

The Contractor shall submit a Type 2E Working Drawing consisting of a bridge demolition plan, showing the method of removing the existing bridge(s), or portions of bridges, as specified.

2-02 Removal of Structures and Obstructions

M 41-10 Page 2-5The bridge demolition plan shall show all equipment, sequence of operations, and details required to complete the work, including containment, collection, and disposal of all debris. The plan shall include a crane foundation stability analysis and crane load calculations, including all dead load and rigging for the Work. The plan shall detail the containment, collection, and disposal of all debris. The plan shall show all stages of demolition. When the bridge removal work includes removal of a truss or other steel span, and when the Contractor’s removal method involves use of a crane or cranes to pick, lift, and remove the truss or steel span, the Contractor shall confirm the dead load weight prior to beginning the removal operation. The operation of confirming the dead load shall be performed at both ends of the span or at all existing support locations, and shall ensure that the span is broken free of its support bearings. The Contractor’s method of confirming the dead load, whether by hydraulic jacks or other means, shall be included in the Contractor’s bridge demolition plan submittal. Verification of dead load may be waived with Engineer’s concurrence if the calculated lifting weight is less than 20 tons and is less than half the safe working load of the selected crane. When the bridge removal work involves removing portions of existing concrete without replacement, the methods and tools used to achieve the smooth surface and profile specified in Section 2-02.3(2)A2 shall be included in the Contractor’s bridge demolition plan submittal.

2-02.3(2)A2 Removing Portions of Existing Concrete

Care shall be taken in removing concrete to prevent overbreakage or damage to portions of the existing Structure which are to remain. Before concrete removal begins, a saw cut shall be made into the surface of the concrete at the perimeter of the removal limits. The saw cut shall be ¾-inch deep when the steel reinforcement is to remain, and may be deeper when the steel reinforcement is removed with the concrete. Where existing steel reinforcing bars are specified in the Plans to be saved, use of power driven tools to remove the strip or zone of concrete encapsulating these bars is restricted as follows:

1.Jack hammers not heavier than the nominal 30-pound class.

2.Chipping hammers not heavier than the nominal 15-pound class. No other power driven equipment shall be used to remove the portion of existing concrete specified for removal where existing steel reinforcing bars are specified to be saved. The power driven tools shall be operated at angles less than 45-degrees as measured from the surface of the concrete to the tool. Concrete shall be completely removed (exposing the deformed surface of the bar) from existing steel reinforcing bars which extend from the existing members and are specified to remain. Steel reinforcing bars that are not designated to remain shall be cut a minimum of 1-inch behind the final surface. The void left by removal of the steel reinforcing bar shall be filled with mortar conforming to Section 9-20.4(2) . The mortar shall match the color of the existing concrete surface as nearly as practicable. The Contractor shall roughen, clean, and saturate existing concrete surfaces, against which fresh concrete will be placed, in accordance with Section 6-02.3(12)B . When a portion of existing concrete is to be removed without replacement, concrete shall be removed to a clean line with a smooth surface of less than 1/16 inch profile.

2-02.3(2)A3 Use of Explosives for Bridge Demolition

Explosives shall not be used for bridge demolition, except as specifically allowed by the Special Provisions. Removal of Structures and Obstructions 2-02 Page 2-6 M 41-102-02.3(3) Removal of Pavement, Sidewalks, Curbs, and Gutters In removing pavement, sidewalks, curbs, and gutters, the Contractor shall:

1.Haul broken-up pieces into the Roadway embankment or to some off-project site.

2.Material that is to be incorporated into the embankment shall be broken into pieces not exceeding 18 inches in any dimension, and no part of any piece shall be within 3 feet of the top, side, or end surface of the embankment or any Structure.

3.Make a vertical full depth saw cut between any existing pavement, sidewalk, curb, or gutter that is to remain and the portion to be removed. For concrete pavement removal, a second vertical full depth relief saw cut offset 12 to 18 inches from and parallel to the initial saw cut is also required, unless the Engineer allows otherwise. For removal of bituminous pavement, asphalt planing equipment may be used in lieu of sawcutting provided that a clean vertical edge remains.

4.Replace at no expense to the Contracting Agency any existing pavement designated to remain that is damaged during the removal of other pavement.

2-02.4 Vacant

2-02.5 Payment

Payment shall be made for the following Bid item when it is included in the Proposal: “Removal of Structures and Obstructions”, lump sum. If pavements, sidewalks, curbs, or gutters lie within an excavation area, their removal will be paid for as part of the quantity removed in excavation. “Removing Existing Bridge___”, lump sum. “Removing Existing Structure___”, lump sum. “Removing Portion of Existing Bridge___”, lump sum. “Removing Portion of Existing Structure___”, lump sum.