Wisconsin WisDOT Standard Specifications (within FDM) — Section 211

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 108 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 211 Preparing the Foundation

211.1Description

(1)This section describes restoring, correcting, strengthening, o r otherwise preparing the pavement

foundation to a condition suitabl e for constructing and supporting a subbase, base, or surface course. Perform the work described in this section whether or not the c ontract contains the applicable Prepare Foundation bid items.

(2)The department defines the pavement foundation as the finished earth subgrade, subbase, or base

supporting subbase, bas e, or surface course. 211.2 (Vacant)

211.3Construction

211.3.1 General

(1)Prepare and construct the foundation to uniform density throug hout. Construct the foundation to the

required alignment and cross-section with equipment and methods adapted for the purpose. After shaping and compacting, provide a smooth foundation, at require d density, and at the proper elevation and contour, to receive the next course.

(2)If necessary to properly accomplish blading or to eliminate or prevent conditions of non-uniform

stability or density, scarify the area forming the foundation t o a uniform depth.

(3)Unless specified otherwise, f ill holes, ruts, and other depressions in the foundation with materials

similar to those existing in t he foundation. Excavate and remov e high places to the required lines, grade, and section.

(4)Do not place materials on froz en earth subgrades unless the en gineer approves otherwise.

(5)Excavate and backfill areas of yielding or unstable materials with the material the engineer directs.

(6)The engineer may make minor adjustments in the plan finished g rade line necessary to maintain the

characteristics of a stabilized foundation by minimizing cutting into, or filling ov er the stabilized foundation, provided these adjustments do not impair the riding qualities, drainage, or appearance of the finished pavement or cause , in effect, a deviation from a g rade established by appropriate municipal ordinance.

(7)Prepare the foundation to conform to the specifications for th e specific subbase, base, or surface

course constructed. 211.3.2 Earth Subgrade

(1)If the foundation is an earths ubgrade, constructed under this contract or under a previous contract,

prepare or restore the foundation by removing vegetation; excavating and removing materials of any nature encountered above the required elevations; filling depre ssions occurring below the required elevations; and smoothing, shaping, and compacting the subgrade to the required grade, section, and density.

(2)Scarify the subgrade to a depth necessary for the type of mate rial encountered. Shape and compact

the subgrade to the required li nes, grade, cross-section, and u niform density. Remove stones over 6 inches in greatest dimension en countered during the operations.

(3)If the earth subgrade constructi on was substantially completed under a previous contract, do not

presume that the previously com pleted work conforms to the requirements under this section. 211.3.3 Foundation for Non-Rigid Base

(1)Prepare the foundation by scari fying, blading, leveling, and r olling as required to bring the foundation

to the required grade, cross-section, and density. Shape and co mpact the foundation for the full width of the roadbed, to the required lines, grade, cross -section, an d density for at least 1000 feet in advance of base laying operations. Unless specified otherwise, uniformly compact the foundation to not less than the density for st andard compaction of the partic ular material existing in the foundation. Maintain the prepared foundati on ahead of the base laying operations in a smooth condition and at not less than specified density. Remove any ruts or surface irregul arities produced by hauling or other equipment or other traffic. Corre ct soft or yielding areas, holes, or other defects that occur due to traffic, hauling, poor drainage, u nstable materials, or from an y other cause before placing the base. Remove snow or ice, if any, from the foundation before placing the base.

(2)Bring the foundation for open-graded base to the required grad e and cross-secti on using a machine

designed specifically for trimmi ng foundations. The machine sha ll utilize automatics ensors to trim to the required grade and cross-section. If trimmed material consi sts of crushed aggregate, salvage and use this material in the aggregat e base for shoulder constructi on.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 109 2019 Standard Spec ifications 211.3.4 Foundation for Concrete Pavement and Concrete Base 211.3.4.1 General

(1)Prepare the foundation for concrete pavement or concrete base by restoring, preparing, and

conditioning unstabilized base cou rses. For areas of the foundation impracticable to prepare by machine methods, prepare these areas by hand methods satisfacto ry to the engineer.

(2)Ensure that the base course in all cases is in a moist but not saturated condition during concrete

placement. Water the base course, if required, not less than 6 hours before placing the concrete. If the base course subsequently dries, m oisten it by sprinkling water just before placing the concrete. Sprinkle the water to a void forming pools.

(3)Trim and shape the base course fo r a concrete base or pavement for a width equal to the width of the

intended base or pavement plus at least one foot on each side to approximately the required lines, grade, and cross- section; and then uniformly compact to the req uired density. Perform compaction with suitable rolling or other types of consolidating equipment. Unless specified otherwise, uniformly compact the foundation to not l ess than the density for standar d compaction of earth subgrade, subbase, or base.

(4)Complete preparing the base c ourse for at least 300 feet in ad vance of depositing concrete, unless the

engineer allows otherwise.

(5)Trim and smooth ruts and irregul arities in the base course sur face caused by trucks or other

equipment. Compact these ruts and irregularities ahead of concr ete placing operations. Excavate, fill with suitable material, and compact soft and yielding spots. 211.3.4.2 Slip-Form Methods

(1)If using slip-form methods, afte r satisfactorily compacting th e base course, trim the area supporting the

slip-form paver and where pavement will be placed to the required grade and cross-section using a machine equipped with automatic sensors and designed for trimmi ng base course. If placing overlays on existing pavements, compact a nd bring shoulder areas supporting the slip-form paver to grade by similar means. Test these areas for compliance with the require d grades and cross-section using engineer-approved methods. 211.3.4.3 Form Methods

(1)After preparing the base course , set the forms and bring the b ase course to true section and elevation.

Fill depressions and remove exce ss material. Dispose of excess material beyond the forms in a way that does not interfere with concrete placing and finishing ope rations. After trimming, compact loose areas and keep t he base course smooth and at the specified dens ity until concrete placement.

(2)If the engineer allows hauling or other equipment on the prepa red base course, repair the foundation,

as necessary, by methods and eq uipment the engineer approves. 211.3.5 Foundation for Asphaltic Surfacing 211.3.5.1 General

(1)Prepare aggregate base, existi ng asphaltic pavement or surfaci ng, or concrete base and pavement

foundations for asphaltic surfacing sufficiently ahead of prime -coating or surfacing to allow uninterrupted placem ent. Remove material that may adversely affect bond before surfacing.

(2)Prepare the foundation for asp haltic shoulders by excavating and shaping existing aggregate

shoulders. Use excavated mate rial to shape remaining aggregate shoulders or to widen the roadbed. 211.3.5.2 Aggregate Base

(1)Scarify, shape, trim, and compact, where and as necessary, the surface of the aggregate base to

produce the required cross-sect ional contour; a profile free fr om abrupt changes in elevation; and a surface without pits, hollows , depressions, or projections.

(2)Perform shaping and trimming with long-wheel-base motor graders or subgrade finishers designed for

the purpose. 211.3.5.3 Asphaltic Treated Surfaces and Pavements

(1)Remove areas that will cause ra veling, shoving, or bleeding of the overlying pavement. If the engineer

directs, remove other areas t he engineer deems unsuitable. Remove protruding joint filler from cracks to at least the surface of the old pavement and remove excess j oint filler and joint sealant materials from the pavement surface.

(2)Clean loose material from holes in the existing asphaltic pavement or surfacing. Fill the holes with

asphaltic surface mixture and co nsolidate the mixture over its full depth.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 110 2019 Standard Spec ifications 211.3.5.4 Concrete Pavements and Bases

(1)Remove surplus crack and joint sealing material from the pavem ent surface. Remove protruding joint

materials, including fillers and sealers, from joints and cracks to at least the surface of the old concrete.

(2)Completely remove unstable patches of asphaltic surface used t o fill localized pits, depressions, or

badly spalled, or disintegrated areas of the old pavement to th e underlying concrete. Remove loose concrete or concrete with developing spalling within or adjacent to these areas. 211.3.6 Incorporating or Disposing of Surplus or Unsuitable Ma terial

(1)Dispose of surplus or unsuitable material as specified in 205.3.12 . The contractor may use aggregates

with suitable engineering properties for building shoulders. Th e contractor may process and incorporate material resulting fr om removing old asphaltic pavement or surfacing in aggregate base or shoulders as allowed under 305. 211.3.7 Other Work

(1)Perform other preparatory work the plans show, the contract re quires, or as the engineer directs. This

preparatory work may consist o f removing and replacing base or subbase material; correcting the subgrade; removing existing asphal tic surface courses, curbs, g utters, or lip curbs; widening or patching base or existing pav ement; furnishing and placing addi tional base; and similar work or operations.

(2)If the engineer revises the prof ile grade, beyond the minor ad justments designated in 211.3.1 , at the

time of preparing the foundation for the construction of a base or surface course, perform the work as revised. 211.4 Measurement

(1)The department will only measure work under the Prepare Foundation bid items within the limits the

plan designates. Work outside the limits the plan designates is incidental to the contract.

(2)The department will measure the LS Prepare Foundation bid items under this section as a single lump

sum unit for each project acceptably completed.

(3)The department will measure Prepare Foundation for AsphalticS houlders by the station, measured

along each side of the traveled way.

(4)The department will measure Prepare Foundation for Base Aggregate by the station, measured along

the centerline or reference line of each roadway. 211.5 Payment 211.5.1 General

(1)The department will pay for measured quantities at the contrac t unit price under the following bid

items: ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION UNIT

211.0100 Prepare Foundation for Asphaltic Paving (project) LS

211.0200 Prepare Foundation for Concrete Pavement (project) LS

211.0300 Prepare Foundation for Concrete Base (project) LS

211.0400 Prepare Foundation for Asphaltic Shoulders STA

211.0500 Prepare Foundation for Base Aggregate STA

(2)Payment is full compensation fo r the work required under this section, within the limits the plan

designates for the Prepare Foundation bid items, except as specified otherwise here in 211.5. Required work performed outside the limits the plan designates for the Prepare Foundation bid items is incidental to the contract. If the contract does not contain a specific Prepare F oundation bid item, the work required under this section is incidental to the contract.

(3)Payment also includes water fo r compaction and dust control ex cept, if the contrac t contains the Water

bid item, the department will pays eparately for compaction and dust control water under 624.5 .

(4)The department will pay separately for the following work unde r the pertinent contract bid items, or

absent the pertinent items, as extra work: - Excavating and backfilling areas of yielding or unstable mate rials. - Performing engineer-o rdered alterations of work previously co mpleted. - Patching base or furnishing as phaltic surface mixtures for re pair of asphaltic treated foundations. - Furnishing and placing required filling from beyond the roadbed limits to restore or adjust to required elevation a foundation construc ted under a previous contract.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 111 2019 Standard Spec ifications 211.5.2 Other Work

(1)The department will pay separately for the preparatory work re quired in 211.3.7(1) under the pertinent

contract bid items, or absent t he pertinent items, as extra wor k.

(2)The department will pay for the additional work required in 211.3.7(2) at the contract unit prices,

subject to provisions for increa sed or decreased quantities under 104.2.2.4 , for the pertinent bid items, or absent the pertinent items, as extra work.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 112 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 213 Finishing Roadway

213.1Description

(1)This section describes destroying noxious weeds, cleaning out drainage structures installed under the

contract, cleaning out material deposited in existing structures as a result of construction operations, removing and disposing of litter and debris, and final trimming and dressing required to neatly and satisfactorily restore and comp lete the entire roadway for any project or portion o f a project where grading and drainage or structures are a part of the contract.

(2)This section also describes destroying noxious weeds; removing and disposing of litter and debris; and

the final shaping, finishing, tr imming and dressing of shoulders, shoulder slopes and other portions of the roadway disturbed by contractor operations, on contracts for constructing base, or surface course, on any project or portions of a p roject where grading and roadw ay construction was or will be substantially completed under other contracts. 213.2 (Vacant)

213.3Construction

(1)On contracts where seeding was completed under a previous contract, the contractor is responsible

for damage caused by its operations to the seeded areas or the vegetative covering within the right-of- way. Replace topsoil that was lost or contaminated with other m aterials, and reseed or restore areas damaged by the contract or’s operations.

(2)Trim, shape, and restore the shoulders to the finished cross-s ection using graders and other

equipment, supplemented by hand work , if necessary, to produce smooth surfaces and slopes and uniform cross-sections. For graded roadbed without surfacing, t rim and dress the entire roadbed in the same manner.

(3)Remove loose and wast e stones not used in c onstruction that fa il to pass a 3-inch ring from the

roadway and ground surface with in areas of the clearing and gru bbing limits.

(4)In urban or other areas that r equire a lawn-type turf, remove loose or waste stones that fail to pass a

one-inch sieve from topsoiled areas.

(5)Do not drag, push, or scrape material across or along the fini shed pavement or surface course.

(6)During the life of the contract, destroy noxious weeds within the limits of the right-o f-way by cutting or

by other means and prevent the weed plants from maturing to the bloom or flower stage. The term “noxious weeds” as defined her e consists of Canada thistle, lea fy spurge, field bindweed, and other weeds that the governi ng body of the county or municipality whe re the project is located declares noxious, according to section 66. 0407, Noxious Weeds, of the Wi sconsin statutes. http://docs.legis.wi.gov /statutes/statutes/66

(7)Before requesting acceptance o f the work, if grading or structures are a part of the contract, clean out

soil, silt, or debris, and fully r estore the waterways of drain age installations and structures constructed under the contract. Remove materials deposited or lodged in the waterways of other drainage installations or structures d ue to contractor’s operations.

(8)Trim and dress the slopes of the roadway embankments and excavations to restore them to the

established or specified lines and grades. Clear ditches and ch annels of debris and obstructions, and trim slopes and beds to true line and grade. Remove, shape, tri m, and leave in a neat condition excess earth, debris, spoil banks, o r other waste material next to culverts, bridges, ditches, channels, poles, posts, trees, or other objects. Remove stones, roots, or other waste mater ials exposed on embankment or excavation slopes t hat may become loosened and di slodged. Dispose of slash and debris from clearing and grubbing operations, and leave the ent ire roadway in a neat condition. Fill holes and depressions that appear o n the surface within the grubbing limits, caused by grubbing operations, with suitable material.

213.4Measurement

(1)The department will measure Finishing Roadway as each individual project acceptably completed.

213.5Payment

(1)The department will pay for the measured quantity at the contr act unit price under the following bid

item: ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION UNIT

213.0100 Finishing Roadway (project) EACH

(2)Payment for the Finishing Roadway bid items is full compensation for the work under this section.

Payment includes restoring areas, seeded under a previous contr act, damaged by the contractor’s operations.

Source: Wisconsin Standard Specifications for Highway and Structure Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 117–120 of 601.

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210 Structure Backfill

213 Finishing Roadway