Wisconsin WisDOT Standard Specifications (within FDM) — Section 602

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 325 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 602 Concrete Sidewalks, Loading Zones, Safety Islands, and Steps

602.1Description

(1)This section describes constru cting sidewalks, loading zones, safety islands, and steps including

landings, of concrete, with or without reinforcement.

(2)Unless specifically specified in the contract, sidewalks or st eps built integral with and as a part of

bridges or culverts are not included.

602.2Materials

(1)Furnish materials conforming to the following:

Expansion jo int filler ........................................ .......................................................................................... 415.2.3

(2)Provide grade A, A2, A-FA, A-S , A-S2, A-T, A-IS, A-IP, or A-IT concrete conforming to 501 as modified

in 716. Provide QMP for class II ancillary concrete as specified in 716.

(3)Furnish cast iron detectable warning fields for curb ramps fro m the department's APL for the color

defined in the Curb Ramp Detectabl e Warning Field bid items.

602.3Construction

602.3.1 General

(1)The engineer will inspect concre te built under 602 for transverse cracking as specified in 415.3.17 for

ancillary concrete. Repair cracke d concrete as the engineer dir ects. 602.3.2 Sidewalks 602.3.2.1 Preparing the Foundation

(1)Form the foundation by excavating or filling to the required e levation of the conc rete bottom, or

subbase bottom if specified. Tamp or compact the foundation to ensure stability. In cuts, make the foundation wide enough to allow placing forms and performing co ncrete placement and finishing. On embankments, construct the found ation at least 2 feet wider tha n the proposed sidewalk and extend it at least one foot beyond ea ch end of the sidewalk.

(2)Unless specified otherwise, f ill holes, ruts, and other depressions in the foundation with materials

similar to those in the existing foundation. The contractor may use granular subbase or aggregate base.

(3)If the plans show, place granular subbase or aggregate base to the thickness and section the plans

show. 602.3.2.2 Forms

(1)Furnish and use wood or metal fo rms straight and of sufficient strength to resists pringing, tipping, or

other displacement during depositing and consolidating the conc rete. If using wood forms, provide surfaced planks, at least 2-inch nominal thickness stock except for sharply curved sections. If using metal forms, ensure they are t he engineer-approved section with a flat surface on top. Use forms as deep as the depth of the sidewalk. Securely stake, brace, and h old the forms firmly to the required line. Make the forms tight to pre vent mortar leakage. Clean and oil before placing concrete against them. 602.3.2.3 Placing and Finishing Concrete

(1)The engineer will chec k and approve the f oundation, forms, and reinforcement if required, before

placing the concrete. Place the concrete on a moist foundation, deposit it to the required depth, and consolidate sufficiently to bri ng the mortar to the surface, th en strike-off and finish to a true and even surface. Before the mortar sets , brush or lightly broom the surface. Before performi ng the final surface finish, check the sidewalk surface with a 10-foot straightedge, and correct areas that vary 1/4 inch from the testing edge by adding or removing concrete while the concrete is still plastic.

(2)If the engineer allows, the contra ctor may const ruct concrete sidewalks with suitable, engineer-

approved, slip-form equipment. The contractor may omit wood flo ating if the slip-form equipment produces a suitable finish.

(3)Construct curb ramps at the lo cations and conforming to the details and dimensions the plans show.

Embed detectable warning field arrays in plastic concrete confo rming to manufacturer-recommended procedures. Do not install on hardened concrete. Do not field cut plates except where the ends of radial arrays abut ramp edges. S mooth the edges of field cuts.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 326 2019 Standard Spec ifications 602.3.2.4 Reinforcement

(1)If required, use reinforcement conforming to, and place it as specified on, the plans.

602.3.2.5 Joints

(1)For sidewalks of uniform width , construct transverse joints at right angles to the sidewalk centerline,

and construct longitudinal joints parallel to the centerline, u nless specified otherwise. For sidewalks of variable or tapering widths, make the transverse and longitudinal joints at right ang les to each other, if possible, and constru ct the joints as the engineer laid them ou t the field.

(2)Use contraction joints to divi de the sidewalk into sections.

(3)Place 1/2-inch wide transverse expansion joint filler through the sidewalk at uniform intervals not

greater than 96 feet apart.

(4)Place 1/2-inch wide expansion joint filler between the sidewal k and back of abutting parallel curb or

gutter; and place one-inch wide expansion joint filler between sidewalk and buildings or other rigid structures.

(5)Place 1/2-inch wide expansion joint filler between sidewalk ap proaches and the back of curb or gutter

or edge of pavement.

(6)No joint may deviate more than 5 degrees from perpendicular to the surface of the finished. Ensure

that joint axes do not deviate mor e than 1/2 inch from a straig ht line, or from the designated alignment at any point. If constructing the joints in sections, do not us e offsets or concrete struts between adjacent units.

(7)If constructing the sidewalk in partial width slabs, place transverse joints so they match the like joints

in adjacent slabs. If widening existing sidewalks, place transv erse joints in line with like joints in the existing sidewalk.

(8)If possible, do not divide sidew alks into sections less than 3 feet, or greater than 12 feet in any

dimension. Produce the unit areas by using metal slab division forms extending to the concrete’s full depth, or by contraction jo ints, as specified below.

(9)A contraction joint in sidewalk may consist of a slot or groov e, at least one inch deep and 1/4 inch

wide. Form them by inserting a me tal parting strip in the concr ete after striking of f and consolidating, and while the concrete is still plastic. As soon as the concret e retains its shape, r emove the parting strip and edge-finish the joint.

(10)The contractor may form contraction joints by cutting the conc rete not less than 1/4 of the depth

through with a pointed trowel or other suitable tool. Edge-fini sh the joint.

(11)The contractor may saw sidewal k contraction joints at least on e inch in depth and approximately 1/8

inch wide. Perform the sawing as soon as possible after the con crete sets sufficiently to prevent raveling during sawing and bef ore shrinkage cracking occurs.

(12)Extend the expansion joint filler to the concrete’s full depth and make the top slightly below the

finished surface of the sidewalk.

(13)For sidewalk, consolidate the concrete thoroughly at expansion joint faces to fill the voids, and finish

the surface smooth and true to grade. Also round sidewalk edges along forms, un-sawed joints, and metal slab division forms with a 1/2-inch radius edger. For all other work under this section, use mechanical vibration at expansi on joint faces to fill the voids , and finish the surface smooth and true to grade.

(14)Do not seal joints.

602.3.2.6 Protecting and Curing

(1)Cure the concrete as specified in 415.3.12.

(2)Protect sidewalks as specified for concrete pavement in 415.3.14 , except that the engineer may allow

the contractor to open sidewalks to pedestrian traffic after th e concrete has developed sufficient strength to prevent damage to the surface. 602.3.2.7 Backfilling and Restoring the Site of the Work

(1)If the sidewalk does not touch curb, curb & gutter, pavement, or other structures and if the concrete is

cured and the forms removed, then backfill the spaces along the sides with satisfactory soil and thoroughly compact. For the backfill conform to the section the plans show. Dis pose of surplus excavation and restore the work site to a neat and orderly cond ition. 602.3.3 Loading Zones

(1)Construct raised loading zones in streets, if included in the contract, of concrete conforming to the

requirements above, and at the lo cations, and as specified in t he details and dimensions the plans

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 327 2019 Standard Spec ifications show. If constructing loadi ng zones on bases covered with a wea ring surface, place the loading zone directly on base. If constructing loading zones on concrete pav ements, place the loading zones on the finished surface. Tie loading zones to the pavement with at lea st four 3/4-inch diameter dowel or tie bars, 10 inches long. Use const ruction methods conforming to 602.3.2 . Provide openings for traffic signals, if any, as directed. 602.3.4 Steps

(1)If constructing steps, and landings is included in the contrac t, build them at the locations and as

specified in the design, dimensions, and details the plans show . This work includes reinforcement and necessary excavating, backfilling , and disposing of excess exca vation material.

(2)Provide a rubbed surface finish on formed surfaces of landings , risers, and sides of steps as specified

for concrete bridges in 502.3.7.3 .

(3)Furnish and use materials and construction methods conforming to 602.3.1 , except as specified

otherwise. 602.3.5 Safety Islands

(1)Under the Concrete Safety Islands bid item, construct concrete safety islands conforming to the

requirements above and the details and dimensions the plans sho w. This work includes furnishing, by the contractor, or by others, and installing fixtures, conduits , and other materials, the detailed plans show.

(2)Place concrete betwe en suitable forms accurately set to confor m to the design of the island, and

anchor securely to preclude movement during placement and finis hing operations. Unless directed otherwise, use constructio n methods conforming to 602.3.1 .

(3)Provide or construct openings in the island and in the base as the plans show for installing fixtures,

posts, or cables. Install fixtures and materials at the time an d in the manner designated on the plans or as the engineer directs. 602.4 Measurement

(1)The department will measure the Co ncrete Sidewalk bid items by the square foot acceptably

completed. Measurement includes the area of the curb ramp and w arning field. The department will not measure the area of sidewalk intersecting a driveway if mea sured as driveway under 416.4 .

(2)The department will measure Concrete Loading Zones; ConcreteS afety Islands; and the Curb Ramp

Detectable Warning Field bid it ems by the square foot acceptabl y completed.

(3)The department will measure Concre te Steps by the square foot acceptably completed. The measured

area of steps, including landings equals the sum of the areas o f the treads and landings, computed by multiplying the tread and landi ng width by the tread and landin g length, out to out of integrally placed wall.

602.5Payment

602.5.1 General

(1)The department will pay for measured quantities at the contrac t unit price under the following bid

items: ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION UNIT

602.0400 - 0499 Concrete Sidewalk (inch) SF

602.0500 - 0549 Curb Ramp Detectable Warning Field (color) SF

602.0600 - 0649 Curb Ramp Detectable Warning Field Radial (colo r) SF

602.1000 Concrete Loading Zone SF

602.1500 Concrete Steps SF

602.2400 Concrete Safety Islands SF

(2)The department will adjust pay for crack repairs on concrete b uilt under 602 as specified in 416.5.2 for

ancillary concrete. 602.5.2 Concrete Sidewalk, Loading Zone, and Steps

(1)Payment for the Concrete Sidewal k bid items, including the are a of curb ramp and warning field;

Concrete Loading Zone; or Concrete Steps, including landings; is full compensation for providing materials, including concrete, reinforcement, and expansion joi nts; for excavating and preparing the foundation; backfilling and disposing of surplus material; for placing, finishing, protecting, and curing; and restoring the work site. How ever, if the contract provides a bid item for excavation, then the department will pay for work requi red and performed in construc ting concrete sidewal ks as specified in the contract. Payment also includes providing tie bars and dowe l bars in unhardened concrete. For tie

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 328 2019 Standard Spec ifications bars and dowel bars provided in c oncrete not placed under the c ontract, the department will pay separately under the Drilled Tie Bars and Drilled Dowel Bars bi d items as specified in 416.5 .

(2)When preparing the foundation the contractor may use granular subbase, or aggregate base, in this

case, the department will not make additional compensation for this item. 602.5.3 Concrete Safety Islands

(1)Payment for Concrete Safety Is lands is full compensation for p roviding, placing, finishing and curing

concrete; for providing and placing materials, except those tha t the plans show as furnished by others; for handling and installing fixtures and materials that the pla ns show as furnished by others; and for required excavating or openings in the base. 602.5.4 Curb Ramp Detectable Warning Fields

(1)Payment for the Curb Ramp Detectable Warning Field bid items i s full compensation for providing the

warning field arrays of the specified configuration and color.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 329 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 603 Concrete Barrier

603.1Description

(1)This section describes providi ng permanent and temporary concr ete barrier and transitions.

603.2Materials

(1)Furnish materials conforming to the following:

Joint filler .................................................. ................................................................................................ 415.2.3 Steel rail, cap ra il, and fittings ............................ .......................................................................................... 614.2 Delineator brackets and delineator ref lectors ................. ............................................................................. 633.2

(2)Provide grade A, A2, A-FA, A-S , A-S2, A-T, A-IS, A-IP, or A-IT concrete conforming to 501 as modified

in 716. For cast-in-place barrier, p rovide QMP for class II ancillary concrete as specified in 716.

(3)Provide epoxy-coated steel rei nforcement for permanent concrete barrier as specified for coated high-

strength bar steel reinforcement in 505.2.4 .

(4)Manufacturer precast barrier in a plant listed under precast c oncrete fabricators on the department's

APL. Provide an ordinary surface finish as specified in 502.3.7.2 on exposed precast surfaces unless the forms provide a suitable fi nish. Cure precast barrier as sp ecified in 415.3.12.2 using a curing compound conforming to 501.2.9 . The contractor may steam cure precast barrier, if the enginee r approves the temperature and procedure. Apply curing compound after steaming.

(5)Furnish adhesive for concrete anchors conforming to ICC-ES AC3 08 and capable of providing the

strength the plans show. Provide the adhesive manufacturer’s in stallation instructions to the engineer before installing anchors.

603.3Construction

603.3.1 Permanent Barrier 603.3.1.1 General

(1)Construct permanent barrier of t he type the bid item indicates. Encoded types are defined as follows:

TABLE 603-1 CONCRETE BARRIER BID ITEM ENCODING

BARRIER BID ITEM TYPES DESCRIPTION CODE

SHAPE New Jersey shape NJ F shape F Vertical V example: Concrete Barrier Type S36A is a 36" single sloped median retaining wall barrier Single slope barrierS TRANSITION BID ITEM TYPES CLASS Standard barrier section none Median retaining wall A Short barrier section B Roadside retaining wall C example: Concrete Barrier Transition Type F32SF to S32 is a transition from 32" singl e faced F barrier to a 32" single sloped barrier FACES Double faced barrier DF Single faced barrier SF

(2)Excavate for barrier footings a s the plans show. Where new bar rier penetrates ex isting pavement, saw

out the pavement full depth in the r equired excavation area. Ba ckfill, dispose of excess material, and restore the grade after placing footings.

(3)Cast permanent barrier and trans itions in place. Use construction methods conforming to 502. Use

forms or engineer-approved slip form methods for barrier. Use f orms for transitions. C onstruct barrier on horizontal curves as a series of 12-foot or shorter chords.

(4)Install delineators at the spacing the plans show.

603.3.1.2 Anchor Dowels

(1)Anchor dowels are not required if the base and barrier are cas t in one pour. If casting separately, cast

anchor dowels in the supporting su rface, or secure them in dril led holes with adhesive. Clean drilled holes and install dowels according to the adhesive manufacturer 's recommendations. Ensure installed dowels develop the str ength the plans show.

Source: Wisconsin Standard Specifications for Highway and Structure Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 334–337 of 601.

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601 Concrete Curb and Gutter

603 Concrete Barrier