Wisconsin WisDOT Standard Specifications (within FDM) — Section 645

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 447 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 645 Geosynthetics

645.1Description

(1)This section describes providi ng geotextiles for subgrade sepa ration and stabilization, drainage

filtration, subgrade reinforc ement, and under culverts and ripr ap.

(2)This section also describes providing geogrid for subgrade, ma rsh, and slope stability reinforcement.

645.2Materials

645.2.1 General

(1)Furnish material that is insect, rodent, mildew, and rot resis tant in a wrapping that protects the it from

ultraviolet radiation and from abrasion due to shipping and hau ling. Keep material dry until installed. Clearly mark rolls to show the material type.

(2)The engineer may obtain material samples for testing from the job site as specified here in 645.2 for

individual materials, or as the engineer directs.

(3)If no minimum values are specified here in 645.2, use those sp ecified in the special provisions.

645.2.2 Geotextile 645.2.2.1 General

(1)Furnish geotextiles of either woven or nonwoven polyester, pol ypropylene, stabilized nylon,

polyethylene, or polyvinylidene chloride. Fabric shall have the minimum strength values in the weakest primary direction. The contractor may use nonwoven fabric that is one or a combination of the following: needle punched, heat bonded, or resin bonded.

(2)If using sewn seams, furnish a fi eld sewn seams ample produced from the geotextile and thread and

with the equipment proposing to u se on the project, before inco rporating into the work. 645.2.2.2 Geotextile, Type SAS (Subgrade Aggregate Separation) Replace 645.2.2.2(1), 645.2.2.4(1) , 645.2.2.6(1), 645.2.2.7(1), and 645.2.2.8(1) to switch from ASTM D4833 to ASTM D6241 for puncture testing. This change was implemented in ASP 6 effective with the December 2017 letting

(1)Furnish fabric conforming to the following physical properties :

TEST METHOD VALUE[1] Minimum grab tensile strength ASTM D4632 170 lb Minimum puncture strength ASTM D6241 350 lb Maximum apparent opening size ASTM D4751 No. 70 Minimum permittivity ASTM D4491 0.35 s-1 [1] All numerical values represent m inimum/maximum average roll values. Average test results from all rolls in a lot must conform to the tabulated values.

(2)For quantities over 20,000 square yards, furn ish to the engineer, at least 10 days before use in the

work, a manufacturer's certified report of test or analysis tha t shows the geotextile delivered conforms to the above requirements. Mark the delivered geotextile to cle arly identify it with the applicable test report furnished to the engineer. The engineer will obtain samp les of fabric for testing from the job site for each 20,000 square yards or lesser portion used in the work . 645.2.2.3 Geotextile, Type MS (Marsh Stabilization)

(1)Furnish fabric conforming to the physical properties the special provisions specify.

(2)Deliver to the engineer a sample of the geotextile material at least 15 days before incorporating into

the work. At the same time, furnis h a sewn seam sample using th e same geotextile, thread, seam spacing, and number, and overlap distance as are intended or re quired for use.

(3)Furnish to the engineer, at least 15 days before use in the wo rk, a manufacturer's certified report of

test or analysis that shows that the geotextile delivered conforms to the above requirements. Mark the delivered geotextile to clearly identify it with the applicable test report furnishe d to the engineer. The engineer will obtain samples of f abric for testing from the job site for each 10,000 square yards or lesser portion used on the contract. 645.2.2.4 Geotextile, Type DF (Drainage Filtration)

(1)Furnish fabric conforming with t he physical requirements of ei ther schedule A, schedule B, or schedule

C as the contract specifies. SCHEDULE A TEST METHOD VALUE[1] Minimum grab tensile strength ASTM D4632 110 lb Minimum puncture strength ASTM D6241 200 lb Minimum apparent breaking elongation ASTM D4632 30%

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 448 2019 Standard Spec ifications Maximum apparent opening size ASTM D4751 300 µm Minimum permittivity ASTM D4491 0.70 s-1 SCHEDULE B TEST METHOD VALUE[1] Minimum grab tensile strength ASTM D4632 180 lb Minimum puncture strength ASTM D6241 350 lb Minimum apparent breaking elongation ASTM D4632 30% Maximum apparent opening size ASTM D4751 300 µm Minimum permittivity ASTM D4491 1.35 s-1 SCHEDULE C TEST METHOD VALUE[1] Minimum grab tensile strength ASTM D4632 180 lb Minimum puncture strength ASTM D6241 350 lb Minimum apparent breaking elongation ASTM D4632 15% Maximum apparent opening size ASTM D4751 600 µm Minimum permittivity ASTM D4491 1.00 s-1 [1] All numerical values represent m inimum/maximum average roll values. Average test results from all rolls in a lot must conform to the tabulated values.

(2)Do not use slit film woven fabric for this work.

(3)For quantities over 2000 square yards, fu rnish to the engineer , at least 10 days before use in the work,

a manufacturer's certified report of test or analysis that shows the geotextile delivered conforms to the above requirements. Mark the de livered geotextile to clearly identify it with the applicable test report furnished to the engineer. The engi neer will obtain samples of fabric for testing fr om the job site for each 2000 square yards or lesse r portion used in the work. 645.2.2.5 Geotextile, Type SR (Subgrade Reinforcement)

(1)Furnish fabric conforming to the physical properties the special provisions specify.

(2)For quantities over 10,000 square yards, furn ish to the engineer, at least 10 days before use in the

work, a manufacturer's certified report of test or analysis tha t shows the geotextile delivered conforms to the above requirements. Mark the delivered geotextile to cle arly identify it with the applicable test report furnished to the engineer. The engineer will obtain samp les of fabric for testing from the job site for each 10,000 square yards or l esser portion thereof used on this contract. 645.2.2.6 Geotextile, Type R (Riprap)

(1)Use fabric conforming to the fo llowing physical properties:

TEST METHOD VALUE[1] Minimum grab tensile strength ASTM D4632 205 lb Minimum puncture strength ASTM D6241 400 lb Minimum apparent breaking elongation ASTM D4632 15% Maximum apparent opening size ASTM D4751 No. 30 Minimum permittivity ASTM D4491 0.12 s-1 [1] All numerical values represent m inimum/maximum average roll values. Average test results from all rolls in a lot must conform to the tabulated values. 645.2.2.7 Geotextile, Type HR (Heavy Riprap)

(1)Use fabric conforming to the fo llowing physical properties:

TEST METHOD VALUE[1] Minimum grab tensile strength, lb ASTM D4632 305 lb Minimum puncture strength, lb ASTM D6241 500 lb Minimum apparent breaking elongation, % ASTM D4632 15% Maximum apparent opening size ASTM D4751 No. 30 Minimum permittivity ASTM D4491 0.40, s-1 [1] All numerical values represent m inimum/maximum average roll values. Average test results from all rolls in a lot must conform to the tabulated values. 645.2.2.8 Geotextile, Type C (Modified SAS)

(1)Use fabric conforming to the fo llowing physical properties:

TEST METHOD VALUE[1]

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 449 2019 Standard Spec ifications Grab tensile strength, lb ASTM D4632 205 lb Puncture strength, lb ASTM D6241 350 lb Maximum apparent opening size ASTM D4751 No. 50 Minimum permittivity ASTM D4491 0.12 s-1 [1] All numerical values represent m inimum/maximum average roll values. Average test results from all rolls in a lot must conform to the tabulated values. 645.2.2.9 Geotextile, TypeES (Embankment Stabilization)

(1)Furnish fabric conforming to the physical properties the special provisions specify.

(2)Deliver to the engineer a sample of the geotextile material at least 15 days before incorporating it into

the work. At the same time, furnis h a sewn seam sample using th e same geotextile, thread, seam spacing and number, and overlap di stance as are intended or required for use in the work.

(3)Furnish to the engineer, at least 15 days before use in the wo rk, a manufacturer's certified report of

test or analysis that shows that the geotextile delivered conforms to the above requirements. Mark the delivered geotextile to clearly identify it with the applicable test report furnishe d to the engineer. The engineer will obtain samples of f abric for testing from the job site for each 10,000 s quare yard or lesser portion used on the contract. 645.2.3 Geogrid 645.2.3.1 General

(1)Furnish geogrid that consists o f either single or joined multi ple layers of a uniform square or

rectangular grid of bonded, formed, or fused polymer tensile st rands. Furnish polyester, polypropylene, polyamide, or polyethylene material that maintains dimensional stability during handling, placing, and installation. Use geogrid tha t is at least 6.0 feet wide.

(2)Deliver a sample of the geogrid material to the engineer at le ast 10 business days before incorporating

into the work. Submit a manufacturer’s Certified Report of Test or Analysis that verifies that the geogrid delivered meets the requi rements of this specification. The engineer will obtain samples of geogrid for testing from the job site for each 10,000 square ya rds, or portion thereof, incorporated into the work. 645.2.3.2 Geogrid, Type SR (Subgrade Reinforcement)

(1)Provide geogrid for subgrade reinforcement that complies with the following physical properties:

TEST METHOD VALUE[1] Tensile Strength at 5% Strain ASTM D4595[2] 450 min (both principal directions in lb/ft) Flexural Rigidity ASTM D1388[3] 150,000 min. (both principal directions in mg/cm) Aperture Area (in2) Inside Measurement[4] 5.0 max Aperture Dimension (in) Inside Measurement[4] 0.5 min [1] All numerical values represent m inimum/maximum average roll values. Average test results from all rolls in a lot must conform to the tabulated values. [2] The tensile strength (T) of a joi ned multi-layered geogrid sha ll be computed using the following equation: T = n x t x f Where: n = the number of individual layers in the joined multi-layered geogrid t = the tensile strength of a sin gle layer of geogrid as determi ned using testing method ASTM D4595 f = reduction factor based on the number of layers comprising th e multi- layered system and determined by the equation f = 1.00 - [0.04( n - 1)] [3 Values determined by option “A” cantilever test of testing met hod ASTM D1388 using test specimens that are 36 inches ±0.04 inch long. Test specimen widths for differing g eogrids are variable and equal to one element plus 1/2 the aperture width on both sides o f that element. An e lement is defined as the minimum number of parallel strands that fo rm a distinguishabl e repeating pattern. [4] Aperture area and aperture dimension for joined multi-layer geogrids are determined based on measurement of a single layer of the geogrid. 645.2.3.3 Geogrid, Type MR (Marsh Reinforcement)

(1)Provide geogrid for marsh reinforcement that complies with the physical properties specified in the

contract special provisions.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 450 2019 Standard Spec ifications 645.2.3.4 Geogrid, Type SSR (Slope Stability Reinforcement)

(1)Provide geogrid for slope stab ility reinforcement that complies with the physical prope rties specified in

the contract special provisions.

645.3Construction

645.3.1 Geotextiles 645.3.1.1 General

(1)For geotextiles that require sewing, sew factory and field sea ms with a thread having the same or

greater durability as the fabric material. Use a 401 stitch conforming to Federal Standard No. 751a for seams. Ensure that seams devel op a tensile strength equal to or greater than 60 percent of the specified grab tensile strength of the fabric, unless specified otherwise. 645.3.1.2 Geotextile, Type SAS

(1)Before placing the geotextile, smooth, shape, and compact the subgrade to the required grade,

section, and density. After placing the fabric on the subgrade area, the engineer will not allow traffic or construction equipment to travel directly on the fabric.

(2)Roll the fabric out on the ro adway and pull taut manually to r emove wrinkles. Join separate pieces of

fabric by overlapping or sewing . Place the fabric in the overla pped joints so it overlaps at least 18 inches.

(3)The engineer may require the use of weights or pins to prevent the wind from lifting the fabric.

(4)After placing, do not expose the fabric longer than 48 hours b efore covering.

(5)Place the base material over the fabric by back dumping with t rucks and leveling with a crawler dozer.

The contractor shall not use con struction equipm ent that causes ruts deeper than 3 inches. Fill ruts with additional material. The engineer will not allow the contr actor to smooth ruts without adding additional material. Cover damaged areas with a patch of fabric using a 3-foot overlap in all directions. 645.3.1.3 Geotextile, Type MS

(1)Complete clearing operations bef ore placing the fabric. Within the area being covered by fabric, cut

stumps and sharp objects level with the ground surface. Do not remove sod, grass, and roots that extend beneath the ground surfac e. Carefully place the geotextile on the ground using hand methods to avoid disturbing the existi ng root mat and vegetation. Roll the fabric out as smoothly as possible and pull taut manually to remove wr inkles. The engineer may require the use of weights or pins to prevent the wind from lifting the fabric. After placement, do n ot expose the fabric longer than 48 hours before covering. If visible defec ts exist, replace the defectiv e section of fabric with a new defect-free section of fabric.

(2)Place the geotextile with the ma chine direction perpendicular to the roadway alignment. Sew seams

with 2 parallel stitch lines a ccording to plan details. Space the parallel stitching no more than one inch apart. Place seams perpendicular to the roadway alignment and f acing upward. Ensure that seams develop at least 80 percent of the specified cross direction te nsile strength of the fabric, as determined by the same testing methods. Do not make butt splices between individual roll ends. One stitch line may not cross another stitch line. Repair breaks or faults in a ny seam as the engineer directs.

(3)Place the initial fill layer ov er the fabric to a depth notle ss than one-foot but no t more than 2 feet by

carefully end dumping and pushing on to the fabric. The contrac tor shall not use construction equipment that causes ruts deeper than 3 inches and does not ex cessively deform the marsh surface. The contractor shall not drive v ehicles on the fabric. Complete the initial lift and install instrumentation before placing any additional material. After placing the initial lift, place subsequ ent lifts no deeper than one foot. Do not begin any lift until completing the prece ding lift and obtaining the engineer’s approval. Conduct spreading operati ons so that no damage occurs to the fabric. Unless the engineer directs otherwise, place and sp read lifts by expanding outward from the centerline of the fill. If fill placement damages the fabric, remove the fill material around the damaged area and the engineer will examine the damaged area to det ermine if the material requires replacement. 645.3.1.4 Geotextile, Type DF

(1)Before placing the geotextile i n trench drains , construct the trench to the grades and dimensions the

plans show or as the engineer d irects. Remove protruding stones and other matter that might damage the geotextile from the trench walls and base before placing th e fabric. Place the geotextile in the trench so it conforms to the trenc h walls and remains in proper position during drain construction and backfilling. The contractor may joi n separate pieces of fabric by overlapping or sewing. If overlapping, place the fabric in overlap join ts of at least 18 inches in the direction of drain flow. Correct misaligned

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 451 2019 Standard Spec ifications fabric as the engineer directs . The engineer will direct treatm ent of damaged fabric areas by one of the following methods:

1.Place an additional section of fabric extending at least 24 inches beyond any point of the damaged area

and position between the trench walls and the damaged fabric.

2.Remove the section of fabric containing the damaged area an d replace it with a ne w section of fabric.

(2)After placing, do not expose the fabric longer than 48 hours b efore covering.

(3)For applications other than trenc h drains, construct the surface on which placing the fabric to the

grades and dimensions the planss how. Prepare the surface by removing or covering objects that might damage the fabric. Carefully place the fabric to prevent damage and secure in position. Conduct backfilling or covering operations so that no damage or misalig nment occurs to the fabric. Treat fabric damage or misalignment as specified in the previous paragraph. After placement, do not expose the fabric longer than 48 hours before covering or backfilling. 645.3.1.5 Geotextile, Type SR

(1)Before placing the fabric, sm ooth and shape the roadway to the required grade and se ction, and if the

engineer requires, com pact to the specified density. After placing the fabric on the earth grade, the contractor shall not allow traffic or construction equipment to travel on the fabric.

(2)Roll out the fabric on the roadway and pull taut manually to r emove wrinkles. Join parallel strips of

fabric by overlapping or sewing. Sew seams as specified in 645.3.1.1 , except ensure a tensile strength equal to or greater than 60 percen t of the specified directional tensile strength o f the fabric develops. Overlap the fabric in joints a t least 24 inches. Overlap butts plices between fabric rolls at least 36 inches. The engineer may require t he use of weights or pins to prevent the wind from lifting the fabric.

(3)Cover tears, holes, or rips in the fabric with a patch of fabr ic overlapping the defect 36 inches in

directions.

(4)Cover fabric within 72 hours of placement.

(5)Place the backfill material in an initial lift of 12 inches. D o not place subsequent lifts, in layers

exceeding 12 inches thick. Sprea d each lift with a crawler type tractor and compact with suitable compaction equipment. The contractor shall not use construction equipment that causes ruts deeper than 4 inches. The engineer will not allow turning movements fo r any hauling or spreading equipment on the fabric until at least 2 lifts of backfill, at least 18 i nches deep, are placed and compacted. Do not begin subsequent lifts until spr eading and compacting a distanc e of at least 1000 feet of the previous lift. Maintain a 1000-foot interva l between subsequent lifts un til completing each lift. If ruts greater than 4 inches develop during construction o perations, the engineer m ay require the contractor to use lighter equipment, equipment with lower co ntact pressure, or smaller lo ads on existing equipment.

(6)Fill ruts in the surface of e ach lift of backfill with additio nal material. Do not smooth ruts without adding

additional backfill. 645.3.1.6 Geotextile, Type R

(1)Before placing the fabric, grade the area smooth and remove st ones, roots, sticks, or other matter that

might prevent the fabric from com pletely contacting the soil.

(2)Place the fabric loosely and l ay it parallel to the direction of water movement. The engineer may

require pinning or stapling to hold the geotextile in place. Jo in separate pieces of fabric by overlapping or sewing. Overlap t he fabric in the joints at least 24 inches in the direction of fl ow. After placing, do not expose the fabric longer than 48 hours before covering.

(3)Cover damaged areas with a patch of fabric that overlaps 3 feet in all directions.

(4)Place riprap from the base of the slope upward. The engineer w ill determine the freefall height of

riprap, but in no case should this height exceed one foot. 645.3.1.7 Geotextile, Type HR

(1)Place as specified in 645.3.1.6 , except that the freefall height o f riprap must not exceed 6 inches.

645.3.1.8 Geotextile, Type C

(1)Before placing geotextile, construct and shape the grade to the required grade and section. After

placing the fabric, the engineer will not allow traffic or cons truction equipment to trav el on the fabric.

(2)Roll out the fabric on the excavation and pull taut manually t o remove wrinkles. Joi n separate pieces of

fabric by overlapping or sewing. Overlap the fabric in joints a t least 18 inches. The engineer may require the use of weights or pin s to prevent the wind lifting the fabric.

(3)After placing, do not expose the fabric longer than 48 hours b efore covering.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 452 2019 Standard Spec ifications (4) Then place the specified backfill material over the fabric. Th e contractor shall not use construction equipment that causes ruts over 3 inches deep. Fill ruts with a dditional material and level to required grade. Do not smooth ruts without adding additional material. 645.3.1.9 Geotextile, TypeES

(1)Before placing the geotextile, c onstruct the embankment to the required elevation and make the

surface smooth and level. Place the fabric on the prepared surf ace to the limits the plans show with the machine direction of the fabr ic oriented in the direction the plans show. Roll out the fabric as smoothly as possible and pull tau t manually to remove wrinkles. The engineer may require the use of weights or pins to prevent the wind lifting the fabric. After p lacing, do not expose the fabric longer than 48 hours before covering. If visible defects or damage to the f abric exists, remove the section containing the defect or damage an d replace with a new section of defect-free fabric.

(2)Sew seams between fabric strips with 2 parallel stitch liness paced no more than one inch apart

according to the details the plans show. Orient seams parallel to the roadway alignment and face upward. Sew seams with a thread having the same or greater dura bility as the fabric material. Use a 401 stitch conforming to Federal Standard No. 751a for all seams. Ensure that all seams develop a tensile strength equal to or gr eater than 50 percent of the spe cified cross direction tensile strength of the fabric. Repair sewing defects in any seam as the engineer d irects. Do not use butt splices between individual roll ends.

(3)Place the initial fill layer ov er any fabric layer to a depth not less than 8 inches or more than one foot.

Carefully end dump and push this lift on to the fabric. Perform spreading operations and use equipment in a way that does not d isplace or damage the fabric. Do not make sharp turning movements while placing the initial lift over any individual fa bric layer. The contractor shall not drive vehicles on the fabric. Complete the preceding lift before begi nning the next lift. Place and compact additional lifts as specified in 207.

(4)Unless specified ot herwise, use the granul ar fill material, specified in the plans a nd special provisions,

from at least 8 inches below to at least 8 inches above any sin gle or multiple layer geotextile installation. 645.3.2 Geogrid 645.3.2.1 General

(1)Place geogrid as the plans show or engineer directs. Pull flat and secure using pins, staples, or other

devices to prevent movement or displacement. Lap butt joints be tween roll ends at least 12 inches unless the plans or special provisions specify otherwise. Secur e lapped sections together using engineer-approved ties, straps, c lips, or other devices. Do not operate vehicles or construction equipment directly on geogrid.

(2)Cover small rips, tears, or de fects in the geogrid with an add itional section of geogrid secured in place

overlapping the damaged area by a t least 3 feet in all directio ns. Remove and replace geogrid sections with large rips, tears , defects, or other damage as th e engineer directs before backfilling.

(3)After placement, backfill the geogrid to the depth and with th e type of material the plans or special

provisions specify. Place, spread , and compact backfill conforming to the standard spec or special provision requirements for tha t backfill material, except ensure that the initial lift over the geogrid is at least 4 inches deep.

(4)Do not displace or damage the geogrid during backfill operatio ns. The engineer may direct the

contractor to repair or replace damaged, displaced, or otherwis e defective geogrid and may require equipment and operations changes to prevent further damage or d isplacement. 645.3.2.2 Geogrid, Type SR

(1)Before placing geogrid, establish the placement surface to the required lines, gra des, and dimensions

the plans show or as the engineer directs. Smooth and shape the surface to eliminate rocks, clods, roots, or other debris that may damage the geogrid during placement or backfilling.

(2)Overlap parallel strips at least 6 inches.

645.3.2.3 Geogrid, Type MR 645.3.2.3.1 General

(1)Complete clearing operations bef ore placing geogrid. Cut stumps and sharp objects level with the

ground surface where placing geo grid. Do not remove sod, grass, or roots that extend beneath the ground surface unless the engineer directs. Avoid disturbing th e existing root mat and vegetation during geogrid placement. Unro ll the geogrid and pull tight man ually to remove wrinkles. If the geogrid

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 453 2019 Standard Spec ifications has different strengths in the ma chine and cross directions, or ientate as the plans or special provisions specify.

(2)Overlap parallel strips at least 12 inches unless the plans or special provisions specify otherwise.

645.3.2.4 Geogrid, Type SSR 645.3.2.4.1 General

(1)Before placing the geogrid, smooth and shape the roadway to th e required lines, grades and

dimensions the plans show or as the engineer directs. Smooth and shape the surface to eliminate rocks, clods, roots, or other debris that may damage the geogri d during placement or backfilling.

(2)Overlap parallel strips at least 12 inches unless the plans or special provisions specify otherwise.

645.4Measurement

(1)The department will measure the Geotextile and Geogrid bid items by the square yard acceptably

completed.

645.5Payment

(1)The department will pay for measured quantities at the contrac t unit price under the following bid

items: ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION UNIT

645.0100 - 0199 Geotextile (type) SY

645.0200 - 0299 Geogrid (type) SY

(2)Payment for the Geotextile bid items is full compensation for providing geotextile . Payment for the

Geotextile Type MS, TypeES, Type R, Type HR, and Type C bid it ems also includes preparing the marsh area or foundation before installation.

(3)Payment for the Geogrid bid it ems is full compensation for pro viding geogrid. Payment for Geogrid

Type MR also includes preparing the marsh area before installation.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 454 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 646 Pavement Marking

646.1Description

(1)This section describes provi ding and removing pavement marking .

646.2Materials

646.2.1 General

(1)Furnish pavement marking produ cts from the department's APL. Submit certificates of compliance

certifying that the products supp lied under the contract conform to these specifications. 646.2.2 Glass Beads

(1)Furnish dual coated glass beads treated for both moisture resi stance and adherence conforming to

AASHTO M247, Type I, except with a minimum of 80 percent true spheres. For each batch of beads actually furnished for the work, submit a certificate of compliance certifying that beads supplied under the contract conform to these specifications.

(2)Furnish beads in containers or bags labeled with the bead type , net weight, lot or batch number, blend

date, and manufacturer's name and address. 646.3 Construction 646.3.1 General 646.3.1.1 General Marking Revise 646.3.1.1(1) to reinstate langua ge that prohibited removing polymer o verlay material to receive pavement marking. This change was implemented in ASP 6 effective with the December 2017 letting.

(1)Prepare the surface and apply m arking as the manufacturer spec ifies. Provide manufacturer

specifications as the engineer r equests. Do not mark over a mar king product with less adherence or over chipped or peeled marking. Do not remove polymer overlay materials in areas receiving pavement marking. Use only epoxy pavement marking w here the contract requires mar king placed on polymer overlays.

(2)For moving marking operations conform to the marking plan deta ils.

(3)On highways open to 2-way traffic, in addition to the marking vehicle, provide a leading vehicle and at

least one trailing vehicle. Do not use flashing arrow panels to direct traffic to pass. Equip each leading and trailing vehicle with the following:

1.A slow-moving vehicle emblem.

2.One or more flashing or rev olving yellow lights showing to the front and rear.

3.Signs to advise traffic of the wet line and number of vehic les in the marking train.

(4)On one-way roadways, operate mar king train vehicles in the dir ection of traffic. Provide the same

marking train as specified for 2-way traffic in 646.3.1.1(3) except as follows: - A leading vehicle is not requi red, but use 2 tr ailing vehicles. - The contractor may use flashi ng arrow panels to direct traffi c to pass. Revise 646.3.1.1(5) to require masking over pavement marking when resealing bridge decks. This change was implemented in ASP 6 effective with the December 2017 letting.

(5)After the marking can sustain exposure to traffic, re-apply cl ear protective surface treatment

conforming to 502.2.11 where removed from structures du ring marking surface preparati on. Seal exposed concrete including grooves for tape. Cover marking duri ng resealing with a system that will not degrade the marking's retroreflectivity when removed. Uncover marking before opening to traffic. 646.3.1.2 Liquid Marking

(1)Apply marking to the width and color the bid item indicates. Provide a sharp cutoff for both sides and

ends of the marking with a unifo rm cross-section. Do not damage existing marking that will remain in place.

(2)If the engineer requests, provide calculations demonstrating t hat the application rate is consistent with

the specified dimensions and t hat the bead application rate is consistent with the specified rate. If on any 0.5-mile section or individual special marking have a calcu lated application rate less than 90 percent of that specifie d, remove and remark this section or sp ecial marking.

(3)If the roadway is open to traffic use temporary raised pavemen t markers or apply temporary same day

marking. Apply permanent marking within 7 days of completing ma inline paving. If the roadway is closed during construction, appl y permanent marking before opening to traffic.

Source: Wisconsin Standard Specifications for Highway and Structure Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 456–462 of 601.

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643 Traffic Control

646 Pavement Marking

645Geosynthetics

645.1Description

645.2Materials

645.3Construction

645.4Measurement

645.5Payment

645.0100 - 0199 Geotextile (type) SY

645.0200 - 0299 Geogrid (type) SY

646.1Description

646.2Materials