513PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGE MEMBERS

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- The mixture shall be retempered by remixing the concrete without additional water just prior to placing; - The concrete mixture shall be placed in the keyway, tamped, and packed as necessary to ensure complete filling of the joint; - The exposed surface of the newly placed concrete keyway shall be struck to the same elevation as the adjacent deck sections; - The surface shall be given a wood float finish. - The concrete keyway shall be cured as per Subarticle 501.03(j).

Cranes shall not be placed on a bridge deck unless approved by the Engineer. The Contractor shall submit a placement plan for review prior to placing a crane on a bridge deck. The placement plan shall be submitted in accordance with the requirements given in Section 510.

513.04Method of Measurement

Girders will be measured per each girder of each type and length.

Each type of girder will be measured per linear foot of casting length shown on the approved shop drawings minus the length of elastic shortening and shrinkage. This will be the length recorded on the Shipping Notice (BMT-139) prepared by the Department's Plant Inspector. A copy of BMT-139 shall be sent with the shipment of the girders.

Concrete span sections will be measured per each type and size.

513.05Basis of Payment

Concrete girders will be paid for at the contract unit price for each type of girder. This price shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials, accessories, tools and labor necessary to manufacture and install the girders. This price shall also be full compensation for premolded bituminous filler, for all items cast into the concrete including metal bearing plates and studs welded to these plates, and for obtaining a Class 2 surface finish on the outside of all exterior girders.

Concrete deck span sections will be paid for at the contract unit price for each type and size. This price shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials, accessories, tools and labor necessary to manufacture and install the span sections. This price shall also be full compensation for all items cast into the concrete, for the tie bolts, for expansion and bearing materials, for cover concrete over fittings, for grout and grouting, for placement of keyways, and for surface finishing. Other structural steel items and handrail will be covered under other items of work.

Partial payments will be made in accordance with the following schedule:

partial payment for stored materials are addressed in Article 109.07); - Erected and the required finish applied to girder units or the bolting up and casting of Keyway on Deck Units - 100%. Partial payments for members that are unacceptable because of damage, improper installation or any other reason will be recovered by the Department on the next monthly estimate or final estimate, whichever is applicable.

513-A * Pretensioned-prestressed Concrete Girders, Type ** (SPECIALTY ITEM) - per each 513-B Pretensioned-prestressed Concrete Girders, Type ** (SPECIALTY ITEM) - per linear foot meter} 513-C Prestressed Concrete Interior Span Sections, ____ Wide by ____ Deep by ____ Long (SPECIALTY ITEM) - per each WATERPROOFING AND DAMPPROOFING 383

513-D Prestressed Concrete Exterior Span Sections, ____ Wide by ____ Deep by ____ Long (SPECIALTY ITEM) - per each * Length ** Type I, II, III, etc. WATERPROOFING AND DAMPPROOFING

515.01Description

This Section shall cover the work of furnishing and applying a waterproofing or dampproofing surface to concrete in accordance with the methods prescribed for the several classes of waterproofing or dampproofing described below, each to be applied where called for on the plans and in conformity with the requirements of these Specifications.

The following four classes of waterproofing and one of dampproofing are covered by these Specifications:

Prime coat, mop coat of hot asphalt, and 2 alternate layers of fabric and moppings of hot asphalt.

Prime coat, mop coat of hot asphalt, and 2 alternate layers of fabric and moppings of hot asphalt with a mortar protection course.

Prime coat, mop coat of hot asphalt, and 2 alternate layers of fabric and moppings of hot asphalt with an asphalt plank protection course.

Manufactured waterproofing products.

Prime coat and 2 mop coats of hot asphalt.

515.02Materials

All materials shall conform to the provisions of Division 800, Materials. Specific reference is made to the following:  Section 802, Fine Aggregates.  Section 805, Mineral Filler.  Section 815, Cement.

Primer used with asphalt mop coats shall meet the requirements of ASTM D 41.

Asphalt for mop coat shall meet the requirements of ASTM D 449, Type I, II, or III as designated by plan details; however, unless otherwise designated, Type II shall be used.

Waterproofing fabric shall be woven cotton fabric meeting requirements of ASTM D 173.

Asphalt plank shall be in accordance with requirements of ASTM D 517.

All Class D Waterproofing materials furnished by the Contractor for use shall be listed on List II- 10, WATERPROOFING MATERIALS, of the Department's MSDSAR manual. Refer to Subarticle 106.01(f) and ALDOT-355 concerning this list. WATERPROOFING AND DAMPPROOFING 384

Class D waterproofing materials shall meet the requirements given in the following table. REQUIRED PHYSICAL PROPERTIES FOR CLASS D WATERPROOFING MATERIALS Property Requirements Test Method Thickness 0.065 of an inch minimum {1.5 mm minimum} -- Permeance- PermsGrains/sq.ft./hr.,in.hg {57.2 ng/s•m2•Pa} 0.10 maximum {5.72 maximum} ASTM E 96, Water Method at 73.4 ºF {23 ºC} Tensile Strength 50 pounds/inch minimum {9 N/mm minimum} ASTM D 882 Puncture Resistance (fabric) 200 lb. minimum {896 N minimum} ASTM E 154 Pliability – 1/4" {6mm} Mandrel, 180º bend at -15 ºF {-26 ºC} No cracks in fabric or rubberized asphalt ASTM D 146

Mortar for protection course shall be in accordance with requirements of Section 611.

515.03Construction Requirements

The surface to be waterproofed shall have cured for at least seven days and shall be reasonably smooth and free from projections or depressions which might cause puncture of the membrane. The surface shall be dry, so as to prevent the formation of steam when the hot asphalt is applied, and immediately before the application of the waterproofing, the surface shall be thoroughly cleaned of dust and loose material. No waterproofing shall be done in wet weather nor when the temperature is below 60 ºF {15 ºC}, without special authorization from the Engineer.

The surface to be waterproofed shall be given a complete coat of primer which shall be permitted to set before the first mop coat is applied. Asphalt shall be heated to a temperature between 300 ºF {150 ºC} and 350 ºF {175 ºC} with frequent stirring to avoid local overheating. Heating kettles shall be equipped with thermometers and oil jackets. In all cases, the waterproofing shall begin at the low point of the surface to be waterproofed so that water will run over and not against or along the laps. The first strip of fabric shall be of half width; the second shall be full width, lapped the full width of the first sheet; and the third and each succeeding strip shall be full width and lapped so that there will be two layers of fabric at all points with laps not less than 2 inches {50 mm} wide. All end laps shall be at least 12 inches {300 mm}. Beginning at the low point of the surface to be waterproofed, a section of about 20 inches {500 mm} wide and the full length of the surface shall be mopped with the hot asphalt and there shall be rolled into it, immediately following the mop, the first strip of fabric, of half width, which shall be carefully pressed into place so as to eliminate all air bubbles and obtain close conformity with the surface. This strip and an adjacent section of the surface of a width equal to slightly more than half the width of the fabric being used shall then be mopped with hot asphalt and a full width of fabric shall be rolled into this, completely covering the first strip, and pressed into place as before. This second strip and an adjacent section of the concrete surface shall then be mopped with hot asphalt and the third strip of fabric shingled on so as to lap the first strip not less than 2 inches {50 mm}. This process shall be continued until the entire surface is covered, each strip of fabric lapping at least 2 inches {50 mm} over the second preceding strip. The entire surface shall then be given a final mopping of hot asphalt. The completed waterproofing shall be a firmly bonded membrane, composed of an asphalt prime coat, a mopping of asphalt, and two alternating layers of fabric and moppings of asphalt. Under no circumstances shall one layer of fabric touch another layer at any point or touch the surface of concrete, as there must be at least three complete moppings of asphalt. WATERPROOFING AND DAMPPROOFING 385

In all cases the mopping on concrete shall completely cover the surface and on cloth it shall be sufficiently heavy to completely conceal the weave. On horizontal surfaces not less than 12 gallons {5 L} of asphalt shall be used for each 100 square feet {each square meter} of finished work and on vertical surfaces not less than 15 gallons per 100 square feet {6 L/m²} shall be used. The work shall be so regulated that at the close of a day's work all cloth that is laid shall have received the final mopping of asphalt. Special care shall be taken at all laps to see that they are completely sealed down.

At the edges of the membrane and at any points where it is punctured by such appurtenances as drains or pipes, suitable provisions shall be made to prevent water from getting between the waterproofing and the waterproofed surface. All flashing at curbs and against girders, spandrel walls, et cetera, shall be done with separate sheets lapping the main membrane not less than 12 inches {300 mm}. Flashing shall be closely sealed either with a metal counter flashing or by embedding the upper edges of the flashing in a groove poured full of joint filler. Joints which are essentially open joints, but which are not designed to provide for expansion, shall be caulked with oakum and lead wool and then filled with an approved bituminous material before the membrane is placed. Expansion joints, both horizontal and vertical, shall be provided with sheet copper in "U" or "V" form and premolded joint filler as called for on the plans. Expansion joints shall be sealed on the face adjacent to the membrane with an approved bituminous material. The membrane shall be carried continuously across all expansion joints. At the ends of the structure the membrane shall be carried well down on the abutments and suitable provision made for all movement.

Care shall be taken to prevent injury to the finished membrane. Any damage which may occur shall be repaired by patching, utilizing original waterproofing methods as set forth above. Patches shall extend at least 12 inches {300 mm} beyond the outermost damaged portion and the second ply shall extend at least 3 inches {75 mm} beyond the first.

No backfilling shall be done without the permission of the Engineer, and in no case, until the final mop coat has hardened. Backfill shall be placed in such a manner that the waterproofing will not be damaged. No stones, broken concrete, bricks, or other material likely to damage the Membrane Shall Be Placed Adjacent To Waterproofed Surfaces.

In addition to the requirements for Class A Waterproofing noted in Subarticle (a) above, Class B Waterproofing shall require a mortar protection layer as follows: Mortar Protection Layer. Over the waterproofing membrane constructed as specified in Subarticle (a) above, there shall be constructed a protection layer which, unless otherwise specified or shown on the plans, shall be a 2 inch {50 mm} thickness of Portland cement mortar. This mortar layer shall be reinforced midway between its top and bottom surfaces with wire netting of 6 inch {150 mm} mesh and 12 gage {2.7 mm} wire or its approved equivalent. The top surface shall be troweled to a smooth, hard finish and, where required, true to grade. On undercut surfaces (the underside of surfaces making an angle of less than 90° with a horizontal plane) the membrane shall be protected with a layer of 3-ply roofing felt laid in hot asphalt in lieu of the mortar covering. The asphalt used for this purpose shall be the same as that used in building up the membrane. The construction of the protection course shall follow the waterproofing so closely that the latter will not be exposed without protection for more than 24 hours. The protection course shall be cured in accordance with the requirements for curing concrete, No backfilling shall be done until the protection course has been in place seven days.

In addition to the requirements for Class A Waterproofing noted in Subarticle (a) above, Class C Waterproofing shall require an asphalt plank protection layer as follows: WATERPROOFING AND DAMPPROOFING 386

Asphalt Plank Protection Layer. Over the waterproofing membrane constructed as specified in Subarticle (a) above, there shall be constructed a protection layer of plain asphalt plank 1.25 inches {32 mm} thick, Whole planks, in regular, straight courses, shall be used except as required to make closures and trim around openings and obstructions. Closing and trimming pieces shall be carefully cut to size. The entire surface of the membrane shall be covered with the plank. Before laying, all surplus talc or other powder shall be removed from the plank with a stiff brush or broom. Each plank shall be laid in a mopping of hot asphalt and the edge and end of planks in place shall be coated with hot asphalt before the next plank is placed. The asphalt used for this purpose shall be the same as that used in building up the membrane. Each individual plank shall be crowded tightly against the adjacent plank and the completed work shall have a uniform smooth surface without open cracks or spaces.

Waterproofing materials for Class D Waterproofing shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's requirements. No backfilling shall be done without the permission of the Engineer. Backfill shall be placed in such a manner that the waterproofing will not be damaged. No stones, broken concrete, bricks, or other material likely to damage the waterproofing material shall be placed adjacent to waterproofed surfaces.

The provisions of Subarticle (a) above shall govern.

Surfaces to be dampproofed shall be given one coat of hot primer before the first mop coat. The primer shall be well worked in to give a uniform coating. The priming coat shall be applied approximately 24 hours before applying the first mop coat. The primer shall be dry before this first mop coat is applied. After the primer is dry, the first mop coat of asphalt shall be applied hot over the entire surface to be dampproofed and well worked in. After the first mop coat is dry, a second mop coat shall be applied. The amount of material for each mop coat shall be not less than 4.5 gallons per hundred square feet {2 L/m²} of surface. Asphalt shall not be heated above a temperature of 350 ºF {175 ºC}. The material shall be stirred frequently while being heated. Kettles shall be equipped with armored thermometers and oil jackets. Backfilling shall be as provided by Subarticle (a) above.

515.04Method of Measurement

The quantity of Waterproofing and Dampproofing to be paid for under this Section shall be the actual number of square yards {square meters} of waterproofing of the various types as previously described and dampproofing, respectively, measured in place, completed and accepted.

515.05Basis of Payment

The quantity of Waterproofing and Dampproofing, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price per square yard {square meter} for the particular type of waterproofing specified, which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, including the protection course, and for all equipment, tools, and labor necessary for the satisfactory completion of the work.

515-A Class ____ Waterproofing - per square yard {square meter} 515-B Dampproofing - per square yard {square meter}