604SIDEWALKS, CURB RAMPS, STEPS, AND HANDRAILS

604.01Description

This work shall consist of constructing HMA or PCC sidewalks, curb ramps, concrete steps, or the reconstruction of PCC sidewalks in accordance with 105.03.

MATERIALS

604.02Materials

Materials shall be in acco rdance with the following: 10

Coarse Aggregate, Class D or Higher, Size No. 53 ..... 904.03 Detectable Warning Surfaces ...................................... 905.05 Fine Aggregate, Size No. 23, No. 24, or No. 15 .......... 904.02 Joint Filler.................................................................... 906.01 Joint Sealing Materials ................................................ 906.02 Reinforcing Bars .......................................................... 910.01 Silica Sand ................................................................... ASTM C778

Hand railing shall be aluminum pipe in accordance with ASTM B221, alloy 6063, temper T52, or galvanized steel pipe in accordance with ASTM A53, grade B, all as specified.

The detectable warning surface in concrete curb ramps shall be selected from the QPL of Detectable Warning Surfaces in accordance with 905.05.

The mortar bed material shall be high-strength mortar in accordance with ASTM C387. Part of the mix water shall be replaced with a Type II polymer modifier meeting the requirements of ASTM C1438. The proportioning of water and polymer modifier 30 shall be as recommended by the manufacturer of the polymer modifier.

A Type C certification in accordance with 916 shall be provided for the masonry mortar and polymer modifier. 604.02

A Type C certification in accordance with 916 shall be provided for the silica sand.

CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

604.03Portland Cement Concrete Sidewalks and Curb Ramps

The location of curb ramps shall take precedence over the location of drainage structures and signal, utility, or light poles. Drainage structures and poles shall not be located within the limits of the curb ramp, exclusive of flared sides. Poles located within a sidewalk shall not reduce the clear width to less than 4.0 ft. Crosswalk markings shall be located such that the curb ramps and curb ramp clear spaces are contained within the markings unless otherw ise specified. The flared sides need not fall within the crosswalk lines. The normal gutter flow line shall be maintained 50 throughout the curb ramp area, and appropriate drainage structures shall be used, as needed, to intercept the flow prior to the curb ramp area. Positive drainage shall also be provided to carry water away from the intersection of the curb ramp and the gutter line.

The bottom edge of curb ramps and the top of curb shall be flush with the edge of the adjacent pavement or the gutter line. Vertical surface discontinuities shall be a maximum of 1/2 in. Vertical surface discontinuities greater than 1/4 in. up to 1/2 in. shall be beveled at a slope no steeper than 1V:2H.

The curb ramp running slope shall not exceed 8.33%. Curb ramp and sidewalk cross slope shall not exceed 2.00%. The slope of the turning space shall not exceed 2.00% in any direction. A running slope or cross slope that exceeds the maximum shall be as shown on the plans.

Construction tolerance shall not apply to running slope and cross slope percentages.

Excavation shall be made to the required depth and to a width that will enable the 70 installation and bracing of the forms. The foundation shall be shaped and compacted to a firm even surface in accordance with the section shown on the plans. All soft and yielding material shall be removed and replaced with acceptable material.

Forms shall be of wood, metal, or other approved material and shall extend for the full depth of the concrete. Forms shall be straight, free from warp, and of sufficient strength to resist the pressure of the concrete without springing. Bracing and staking of forms shall be such that the forms remain in both horizontal and vertical alignment until their removal. 80 604.03

The foundation shall be thoroughly moistened immediately prior to the placing of the concrete. The proportioning, mixing, an d placing of the concrete shall be in accordance with 702. The thickness of the concrete in the curb ramp, including flared sides, shall be as shown on the plans.

Immediately after striking off, the grade, running slopes and cross slopes shall be checked with a 2 ft level and a long-handled straightedge of light construction that can 90 completely span the surface. The level and straightedge shall be laid parallel and perpendicular to the grade or running slope at intervals of no more than 2 ft on curb ramps and 10 ft along sidewalks. All high spots shall be removed and depressions filled with fresh concrete and then leveled. Checking and leveling shall continue until the surface has the required grade, running slope and cross slope, and is free of voids.

The surface shall be finished with a w ooden float. No plastering of the surface will be allowed. The final surface shall be free from porous spots caused by the disturbance of coarse aggregate particles. Curb ramp surfaces shall be coarse broomed transverse to the running slope as shown on the plans. 100

All exposed edges shall be finished with a 1/4 in. radius.

The type and location of joints and the size of preformed joint filler shall be as shown on the plans.

All concrete joints shall be finished with a 1/4 in. radius.

Preformed 1/2 in. joint filler shall be placed around all appurtenances, such as 110 manholes and utility poles which extend into and through the sidewalk, and between the sidewalk and any fixed structure, such as a building or bridge. The preformed joint filler shall extend for the full depth of the sidewalk or curb ramp and shall be flush with the surface of the adjacent concrete.

Detectable warning surfaces shall be placed the full width of the curb ramp. Where forming is required for installation of the detectable warning surfaces, the border width shall not exceed 2 in. within the ramp width, as shown on the plans.

Detectable warning surfaces shall contra st visually from the adjacent surfaces. The surface shall consist of truncated domesal igned in a square or radial grid pattern as shown on the plans.

Surfaces shall be installed to be level ac ross joints or seams and shall be flush with the edges of adjoining concrete. Surfaces from various manufacturers shall not 604.03

be mixed in any individual curb ramp.

Brick surfaces shall be placed in a mortar setting bed within the hardened concrete 130 block out. The concrete base of the block ou t shall have a rough textured finish, such as would be produced by a screed or wood float. The depth of the block out shall be such that a mortar bed thickness of 3/8 to 3/4 in. is achieved for the nominal depth of the brick. The hardened concrete base shall be free of all material which might prevent the mortar setting bed from adhering. The concrete base shall be dampened with water but the surface dry immediately prior to the placing the mortar setting bed. The mortar setting bed shall be placed at the desired th ickness, and no more than 2 ft ahead of laying the bricks. The bricks shall be buttered with mortar on the bottom before placement into the setting bed.

Brick surfaces shall be installed in a r unning or stacked bond pattern with a 1/16 in average joint width. The joint width sh all not exceed 1/8 in. Whole bricks should be laid first, followed by bricks cut to size, keeping the number of joints to a minimum. A masonry saw shall be used to produce a cl ean, accurate, and straight cut. The joint between bricks shall be completely filled with a dry fine aggregate. The fine aggregate may be obtained from a non-Certified Aggregate Producer, but it shall be natural sand having a gradation where at least 95% of the material passes the No. 4 sieve. Excess fine aggregate shall be removed from the surface of the bricks.

Cast iron surfaces shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. When required, cutting of the cast iron shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Cut edges shall be ground to a smooth shape consistent with the manufactured edges.

Concrete shall be cured for at least 72 h. Curing shall be in accordance with 504.04 except curing compound shall not be used in the area where detectable warning surfaces are to be installed.

604.04PCC Steps

PCC steps shall be in accordance with the applicable provisions of 604.03.

604.05Reconstructed PCC Sidewalk and Curb Ramp

Where existing concrete sidewalk is to be reconstructed, all disintegrated concrete, brick, stone, or other material shall be completely removed and replaced with new concrete sidewalk in accordance with 604.03.

Such sidewalk shall be constructed to a minimum depth of 4 in. unless another depth is designated and to the width of the adjoining walk, or to a width of no less than 170 48 in. from the back face of curb, or to other width as directed.

604.04

The removal of concrete sidewalk shall be to uniform lines as directed. The sidewalk to be removed shall be cut in a straight line with an approved power driven concrete saw. The sidewalk to remain in place shall not be damaged. All portions which are damaged or removed beyond the established line shall be replaced.

Unless otherwise directed, sidewalk to be removed shall be removed between tool marks or joints. At locations where the sidewalk and curb are adjacent and the curb is deteriorated, the curb shall also be replaced as directed. 180

The new sidewalk shall have a joint pattern similar to the surrounding sidewalk. Sidewalk placed at drives shall be 6 in. thick, or the same depth of the existing drive, whichever is greater.

Where existing curb ramp is to be r econstructed for placement of detectable warning surfaces, all concrete, brick, stone, or other material shall be completely removed and replaced in accordance with 604.03.

604.06Re-Laid Sidewalk 190

This work consists of the removal and re -laying of concrete, stone-slab, or brick sidewalk at the locations shown on the plans or as directed. In the operations of removing and re-laying, care shall be taken not to damage any of the sidewalk. Before re-laying, a cushion of fine aggregate shall be spread on the prepared subgrade to a depth of no less than 2 in. Cracked or damaged sections shall not be re-laid but shall be disposed of as directed. The cross slope of the re-laid sidewalk shall be checked with a 2 ft level in accordance with 604.03(e).

604.07HMA Sidewalk

Excavation and forms, when required, sh all be in accordance with 604.03(b) and

Bed course material shall be coarse aggregate No. 53 and shall be placed in lifts not exceeding 4 in. in depth. Each lift shall be thoroughly compacted.

HMA sidewalk material shall be placed on a compacted bed course in one or more 210 courses. The mixture shall consist of HMA base, intermediate, or surface, Type B in accordance with 402, except the 9.5 mm su rface gradation can go above or below the PCS control point in accordance with 401. 05. An MAF, in accordance with 402.05, will not apply. Aggregate requirements of 904.03(d) do not apply. Compaction shall be accomplished by means of a hand operated or power roller of an acceptable type and weight in accordance with 402.15. In areas inaccessible to the roller, hand tamping

will be allowed. In any case, the HMA sidewalk material shall be uniformly

604.07

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compacted. The grade and cross slope shall be checked with a 2 ft level in accordance

with 604.03(e).

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If the finished compacted surface is too open or remains sticky, the surface shall

be given a coating of fine aggregate, well broomed over the surface, leaving no excess.

604.08Backfilling and Finishing Shoulders and Slopes

After forms have been removed, the space on each side of the sidewalks shall be

filled to the required elevation with suitable material which shall be firmly compacted

and neatly graded. Adjacent shoulders and slopes shall be finished to the required

grade and cross-section.

604.09Handrails230

This railing shall be erected in a workmanlike manner, straight and true to grade.

Posts shall be vertical and railings shall be parallel to the walk surface or the plane of

the steps and spaced as shown on the plans. Fastenings shall be as shown on the plans.

Railing posts on masonry shall be held in place in a manner that develops the full

strength of the railing post in bending.

Fabrication and placement of railings shall be completed in accordance with the

applicable requirements of 711. Ends of tube sections shall be milled or sawed. Cut

ends shall be true, smooth, and free from burrs and ragged edges. Welds shall be

ground smooth. The rail system shall be continuous except as shown on the plans.240

Joints shall be spliced as detailed on the plans. Welding of steel shall be in accordance

with 711.32 and welding of aluminum shall be in accordance with the applicable

requirements of 803. Radiographic, magnetic particle, and dye penetrant inspection

will not be required.

All aluminum surfaces in contact with concrete shall be coated with an aluminum

impregnated caulking compound prior to installation. After installation and alignment,

openings between metal surfaces and concrete shall be sealed in a watertight manner

with the caulking compound.

250

Steel pipe railing not designated to be painted shall be galvanized after fabrication

and prior to installation. Railing designated to be painted shall receive one shop coat

of paint after fabrication and two field coats after installation. The type and color of

paint shall be as specified on the plans. Cleaning and painting shall be in accordance

with 619.

604.10Method of Measurement

Concrete sidewalk, reconstructed concrete sidewalk, and re-laid concrete

sidewalk will be measured by the square yard of finished surface. HMA for sidewalk

will be measured by the ton of mixture placed. Bed course material will be measured260

by the ton.

Concrete curb ramps will be measured by the square yard and will include the

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507

ramp, turning space, flared side, and setback. Turning spaces shared by more than one

curb ramp will be measured only once. Detectable warning surfaces and retrofitted

detectable warning surfaces will be measured by the square yard.

Concrete steps will be measured by the cubic yard based on the neat lines shown

on the plans.

270

Handrail will be measured by the linear foot in accordance with the dimensions

shown on the plans or as directed. Measurements will be made from end to end of the

railing along the centerline.

Curb and curb and gutter will be measured in accordance with 605.09.

Reinforcing bars, if used, will be measured in accordance with 703.07.

Joint material will not be measured.

604.11Basis of Payment280

The accepted quantities of concrete sidewalk will be paid for at the contract unit

price per square yard for sidewalk, concrete. HMA for sidewalk will be paid for at the

contract unit price per ton, complete in place. Bed course material will be paid for at

the contract unit price per ton. Concrete steps will be paid for at the contract unit price

per cubic yard for steps, concrete. Reconstructed sidewalk and re-laid sidewalk will

be paid for at the contract unit price per square yard for sidewalk, reconstruct, or

sidewalk, re-lay. Detectable warning surfaces and retrofitted detectable warning

surfaces will be paid for at the contract unit price per square yard.

The accepted quantities of curb ramps will be paid for at the contract unit price290

per square yard for curb ramp, concrete, complete in place.

Handrail will be paid for at the contract unit price per linear foot.

Curb and curb and gutter will be paid for in accordance with 605.10.

Reinforcing bars, if used, will be paid for in accordance with 703.08. Curb, if

directed to be replaced, will be paid for in accordance with 605.10.

Payment will be made under:300

Pay Item Pay Unit Symbol

Bed Course Material .................................................................. TON

Curb Ramp, Concrete ................................................................ SYS

Detectable Warning Surfaces .................................................... SYS

Detectable Warning Surfaces, Retrofit ...................................... SYS

Handrail, _____ ......................................................................... LFT

type

HMA for Sidewalk .................................................................... TON310

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508

Sidewalk, Concrete .................................................................... SYS

Sidewalk, Concrete, Reconstruct ............................................... SYS

Sidewalk, Concrete, Re-Lay ...................................................... SYS

Steps, Concrete .......................................................................... CYS

The cost of the ramp, including border, turning space, flared side, return curb, and

setback shall be included in the cost of the curb ramp.

The cost of excavation, backfill, joint material, and necessary incidentals shall be

included in the cost of the pay items in this section.320

The removal and disposal of concrete sidewalk which is unsuitable for re-laying

and which has not been damaged due to negligence will be paid for in accordance with

202.14. Concrete sidewalk which is specified to be re-laid or to remain in place and

which is damaged shall be removed and disposed of and replaced with no additional

payment.

If directed, concrete sidewalk shall be constructed to a depth greater than that

shown on the plans. Such additional thickness will be converted into the equivalent

square yards quantity of concrete sidewalk of the thickness shown on the plans and330

will be paid for as such.

The cost of furnishing and applying sand to finished compacted surfaces shall be

included in the cost of HMA for sidewalk.

The cost of the detectable warning surfaces, thin set mortar, and fine aggregate

for filling joints shall be included in the cost of the detectable warning surfaces.

The cost of removal, disposal, and replacement of portions of the concrete curb

ramp, concrete base, including border, detectable warning surfaces, thin set mortar,340

and fine aggregate for filling joints shall be included in the cost of the detectable

warning surfaces, retrofit.

The cost of aluminum impregnated caulking compound and the painting of steel

hand railing shall be included in the cost of the handrail.