2575Establishing Vegetation and Controlling Erosion

2575.1DESCRIPTION

This Work consists of applying temporary soil covers and establishing a perennial ground cover to reduce the risk of soil erosion. Temporary soil covers include mulch, establishment of an annual vegetative cover, rolled erosion prevention product, and hydraulic soil stabilizers. Establishment of a perennial vegetative cover includes seeding, sodding, mulching, and any other specified Work.

2575.2MATERIALS

2575.3CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

A General Minimize soil erosion and prevent damage from sedimentation by using the Best Management Practices (BMP) to cover bare soils in temporary and permanent conditions . Use temporary erosion control BMPs, including limiting the amount of exposed erodible soils and providing for proper exposed soil stabilization for slopes, ditches, storm drain and Culvert outlets, and storm water discharge points from erosion. Use permanent erosion control BMPs to provide the final stabilization of exposed slopes. Properly prepare soils in accordance to 2574, “Soil Preparation.” A.1 Exposed Soil Stabilization Stabilize areas of exposed soils that are larger than 2 acres in size using temporary seed mixtures and erosion control products. Use rapid stabilization methods to temporarily stabilize contiguous areas of exposed soil that are less than 2 acres in size and are:

Schedule, construct, or install stabilization measures on exposed soil areas as shown on the Plans or as required by the Contract. A.2 Growing Seasons Schedule and install temporary and permanent seed or sod in areas at the optimum growing time for proper turf establishment. A.2.a Seeding Dates Plant seed mixtures during the seasons of planting for the various seed mixtures in accordance with Table 2575.3-1:

Table 2575.3-1 Seeding Dates Seed Mixture Number Spring Fall Oats May 1 – August 1 Winter Wheat --- August 1 – October 1 Oats and Peas Year round --- Two-year Cover Crop* April 1 – July 20 July 20 – October 20 Boulevard and Turfgrass mixes, Snow Fence Ground Cover, Inslope mixes, Patch mix* April 1 – June 1 July 20 – September 20 Roadside and Wet Ditch mixes April 15 – July 20 September 20 – October 20 *Plant these mixes from April 15 through September 20 when working on or north of TH 2.

Provide temporary stabilization when outside the season of planting dates of the specified permanent seed mixture Request to adjust dates in writing by no more than 10 Calendar Days to shorten or extend the exclusion dates when conditions warrant. The E ngineer may approve the request or direct the Contractor to seed outside the seeding dates. A.2.b Sodding Dates Sod growing days are any Calendar Day between April 15 and November 1. Avoid installing lawn and mineral sod between June 10 and August 10. Avoid installing salt tolerant sod between June 10 and November 1. The Engineer may adjust these dates to shorten the excluded periods when conditions are favorable to active growth, or to lengthen the excluded period when conditions for establishment are unfavorable. Provide temporary stabilization when outside the sodding dates. A.3 Winter Season During the winter season, perform erosion control operations to protect the site through the end of the spring snowmelt season. Such practices include Dormant Seeding and sodding, snow seeding and mulching, and frozen ground mulching . Both Dormant Seeding and sodding are performed during the period when soil temperatures will not allow seeds to germinate and when normal plant rooting will not occur. A.4 Substitutions The Engineer may allow substitutions in accordance with 1605, “Substitute Materials” for the following Materials; plastic, geotextile, mulch, Rolled erosion prevention, and hydraulic erosion control products. The Engineer, in consultation with Office of Environmental Stewardship Erosion and Storm Water Management Unit, may authorize requested substitutions for specific locations shown in the Plan. Provide substitutions equal to or better than initially specified Material. B Placing Seed Store the seed from time of purchase until installation at 50°F and 50 percent humidity. Protect the seed from moisture until sowing. Do not use wet or moldy seed. Apply seed within 48 hours of fertilizer application. Sow the seed uniformly at the adjusted bulk rate of application for each mixture . Adjust the bulk seeding rate needed to achieve the required PLS rate for the mixture in accordance with 3876, “Seed” and the following formulas:

lb PLS % ,

Immediately after seeding firm the seedbed with a cultipacker to provide seed to soil contact . Do not broadcast seed with wind velocities greater than 15 mph. B.1 Temporary Seeding Perform temporary seeding in addition to temporary mulching on graded areas with topsoil and unable to receive permanent seeding or slopes and topsoil berms left idle for longer than 21 Calendar Days. Use cover crop and mid-term stabilization seed mixtures as shown in 3876, “Seed,” Table 3876.2-1 for temporary seeding. Prepare the soil in accordance with 2574.3A, “Soil Preparation, General,” and 2574.3B, ”Infiltration, Filtration, and Bioretention Areas,” except for stockpile and berms where no soil preparation is needed. B.2 Seeding Cover Crop and Turfgrass Mixtures Mechanically sow or hydraulically apply Cover Crop, Boulevard, Turfgrass, Snow Fence, Inslope, and Patch mixes uniformly at the adjusted bulk application rate of each mixture. Only use hand operated mechanical spreaders on areas too small for or inaccessi ble by the specified equipment. If using an agricultural type seed drill, operate the drill in a general direction at right angles to the direction of surface drainage and sow the seed shall to a depth no greater than 3/8 inches. B.3 Seeding Roadside and Wet Ditch Mixtures Seed Roadside and Wet Ditch mixes with a native seed drill, a drop type seeder, or a hydro seeder uniformly at the adjusted bulk application rate of each mixture. Use a drill or drop seeder with separate seed boxes for fluffy seed and small flowable seed, capable of accurately metering seed of various sizes, and capable of maintaining a uniform mixture of seeds during planting. Seed drills must have separate seed boxes for fluffy seed and small flowable seed, be capable of accurately metering seed of various sizes, and be capable of maintaining a uniform mixture of seeds during planting. They must also have disc furrow openers a nd a packer assembly that compacts the soil directly over the drill row. Plant seeds in rows no greater than 8 inches apart and at a depth of between 1/8 inch and 3/8 inch. Drill perpendicular to the direction of surface drainage. Drop seeders must have separate seed boxes for fluffy seed and small flowable seed, be capable of accurately metering seed of various sizes, and be capable of maintaining a uniform mixture of seeds during planting. They must also have a packer assembly that firms the soil immediately after the seed lands on it or be followed immediately by a separate cultipacker. Use cyclone or spinner-type seeders on areas no greater than 1 acre or on areas inaccessible to other Equipment as approved by the Engineer. B.4 Hydro-seeding Use a hydro-seeder capable of continuous agitation action to uniformly distribute the seed at the adjusted bulk application rate of each mixture. Add 50 pounds of Type Hydraulic Mulch per 3884, “Hydraulic Erosion Control Products,” as a tracer for each 500 gallons of water

in the hydro-seeder tank. Use flood type nozzles and manufacture’s recommended water volume. Once the seed has been added to the tank mixture a one hour time limit is set for spreading the mixture on the soil. Once the one hour is passed the excess mixture must be discarded. Perform hydro-seeding separate from placing hydraulic erosion control products (hydro- mulching). B.5 Interseeding Perform interseeding if seeding into temporarily mulched areas or if drilling additional seed into previously seeded areas. Use an interseeding drill containing trash rippers and at least one box for fine seed and one box for larger seeds or fluffy seeds. Operate the drill to slice through the thatch layer and make a furrow 1 inch wide and from 3/8 inches to 1 inch deep in the underlying soil. Place seeds in the furrows through the drill seed disc openings. Drop the seed onto the ground surface from the fine seed box. Place the large or fluffy seed to a final planting depth from 1/4 inch to 3/8 inch. B.6 Permanent Seeding into Temporarily Mulched/Blanketed Areas Permanently seed areas previously temporarily mulched. Without performing additional tillage or site prep Work, the Contractor may use an interseeding drill to drill seed directly into temporarily mulched or temporarily seeded areas. In lieu of using an interseeding drill, the Contractor may lightly disc the mulched areas before seeding. Apply fertilizer within 24 hours before interseeding or light disking. Leave the existing cover in-place to serve as mulch. Permanently seed into areas with rolled erosion prevention products using the hydro-seeding application as described in 2575.3B.4, “Hydro-seeding,” but with the following modification: hydro-seed into the installed rolled erosion prevention products with the nozzle 6 feet from installed surface cover, forcing the seed and water through the product. B.7 Winter Seeding Dormant seed after the fall seeding date and when soil temperatures 1 inch below surface are no greater than 40°F. Perform snow seeding over the top of snow allowing the seed to melt through the snow to the soil and germinate upon warm up in the spring. C Applying Mulch Mechanically spread mulch to provide a uniform distribution over all exposed soil at the application rate to provide 90 percent uniform soil coverage. If non-uniform distribution occurs, remulch areas or remove the excess coverage. Do not operate mulch-blowing Equipment on slopes steeper than 1:2.5 (Vertical:Horizontal) or on slopes that will rut the soil surface. Use blower attachments to apply the mulch without traversing the slopes. Do not mulch with wind velocities greater than 15 mph. Areas within 10 feet of the Shoulder immediately mulch, and anchor the mulch in a continuous operation after seeding. If traffic or wind dislodges the seed or mulch due to delays in the continuous operation, reseed and remulch the affected areas. Areas outside 10 feet of the Shoulder shall be mulched within 24 hours after seeding. C.1 Temporary Mulching Perform temporary mulching on contiguous areas of 2.0 acres and greater to protect the site from erosion when left idle for more than one week and during non -seeding periods and

when outside the seeding and sodding dates. For areas less than 2 acres, mulch in accordance with 2575.3M “Rapid Stabilization.” C.2 Type 1, Type 3, Type 7, and Type 8 Mulch Use blower Equipment to place Type 1, Type 3, Type 7, and Type 8 mulch at a target application rate of 2 tons per acre. Apply the mulch at an actual rate as directed by the Engineer to match varying Material or Project conditions. Apply the mulch to ensure 90 percent coverage of the soil surface. C.3 Type 4 Mulch Apply Type 4 mulch as a dual operation with the Type 1 mulch blown on the soil surface at 1 1/2 tons per acre and immediately over-spray with stabilized fiber matrix per 3884, “Hydraulic Erosion Control Products,” at 750 pounds per acre. C.4 Type 5 Mulch Apply Type 5 mulch at a rate of 80 cubic yard per acre as specified in the Plans as an erosion control Material. C.5 Type 6 Mulch Apply Type 6 mulch at the rate shown on the Plans or Special Provisions. C.6 Type 9 Mulch Apply Type 9 mulch at a rate required by the Contract. Before placing mulch, uniformly compact and smooth the foundation, cover the foundation with Type 1 geotextile, per 3733, “Geosynthetic Materials,” and uniformly spread the Aggregate mulch to the thickness shown on the Plans without harming the foundation. Level the finished Aggregate surface flush with adjacent areas. C.7 Winter Mulching Perform frozen ground mulching on bare frozen soils. Place 3882,”Mulch Material,” Type 5, Type 6 and Type 9 mulch Materials with no modifications to meet the requirements of frozen ground mulching. Place 3882, “Mulch Material,” Type 1, Type 3 or Type 8 mulch Materials with the following modifications to meet frozen ground mulching: At temperatures above 20°F use 3884, “Hydraulic Erosion Control Products,” Type Natural or Synthetic Tackifier, in lieu of disc anchoring At temperatures below 20°F delay mulching until ground is snow covered and perform snow mulching. Perform snow mulching at any time over the top of snow. No disc anchoring is required. Apply Snow mulching prior to or during a snowfall event. D Disk Anchoring Anchor Type 1, Type 3, and Type 8 mulches with a disk anchoring tool as required by the Contract immediately after placement unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. Punch the mulch into the soil to a depth from 2 inches to 3 inches. Space the blades and disks on the anchoring tool no greater than 8 inches apart. Use hydraulic erosion control products to anchor the mulch in lieu of disk anchoring, in areas inaccessible by disk Equipment. E Placing Hydraulic Erosion Control Products Protect public and private investments and properties from overspray by suitable means and methods including appropriate shields, covers, and avoidance measures. Accidental overspray must be cleaned up at the time of installation (occurrence). Perform after and separate from hydro -seeding.

Provide an Applicator’s Certification from the manufacturer before applying the polyacrylamide tackifier, organic fiber matrix, bonded fiber matrix, and reinforced fiber matrix. E.1 Tackifiers Use natural tackifiers alone, as an additive to other soil stabilizers, or as an overspray on mulched areas. E.1.a Type Natural Tackifier Use the manufacturer’s recommended rate of application and mix ratios based on use, site conditions, and time of year. Allow from 9 to 12 hours of dry time before subject to rain. Uniformly distribute the tackifier over the target area . E.1.b Type Synthetic Tackifier Dilute synthetic tackifier at a rate of 10 parts water to 1 part polymer and apply to the soil at a rate of 1,200 gallon per acre. E.1.c Type Polyacrylamide (PAM) Do not use polyacrylamide (PAM) on pure sand or Gravel without fine Silts or clays. Do not apply PAM over snow cover or to slopes that flow directly into a wetland or State waters. Apply PAM as recommended by the manufacturer. Provide certification of the following:

Provide a Material Safety Data Sheet for prepackaged PAM. The Contractor may include PAM as a part of a polymer stabilized fiber matrix. Apply PAM in its pure form on slopes and channels at a rate no greater than 200 pounds per acre and no later than 4 hours prior to rain. E.2 Matrices On Projects with a DNR Public Waters Permit that have Hydraulic Mulch Matrix, Stabilized Fiber Matrix, Bonded Fiber Matrix, or Reinforced Fiber Matrix provide a Manufacturers Letter of Certification certifying that the Hydraulic Matrix product does not contain any plastic fiber material. Submit letter and provide time for review and acceptance prior to product installation. E.2.a Type Organic Fiber Matrix (OFM) Apply organic fiber matrix with hydraulic spray Equipment in a water-slurry mixture. The tank must have jet or mechanical agitation for mixing. The dry Material targeted application rate is 3,500 pounds per acre. Use the water to bale ratio as recommended by the manufacturer. E.2.b Type Mulch Apply hydraulic mulch with hydraulic spray Equipment in a water-slurry mixture. The dry Material targeted application rate is 2,500 pounds per acre. Use the water to bale ratio as recommended by the manufacturer. Increase the application rate and percent tackifier to roughened soils for complete coverage. The Engineer may inspect the tank loading and spray application, to verify that the applied Materials meet the manufacturer’s recommendations and the soil is 100 percent covered.

E.2.c Type Stabilized Fiber Matrix Do not field mix additives or components for stabilized fiber matrix, as this mulch is a pre-manufactured matrix. Apply stabilized fiber matrix at the targeted dry weight rate of 3000 pounds per acre. Adjustments made in the field based on site characteristics, soil conditions, and manufacturer’s recommendations. E.2.d Type Bonded Fiber Matrix (BFM) Apply BFM with hydraulic spray Equipment by a manufacturer's certified applicator. The Contractor may apply seed and BFM in a single operation in small or inaccessible areas as approved by the Engineer. Apply BFM at the targeted dry weight rate of 3,500 pounds per acre. Adjustments are made in the field based on site characteristics, soil conditions, and manufacturer’s recommendations . Use the water to bale ratio recommended by the manufacturer. Apply the BFM from at least 2 opposing directions and obtain continuous ground coverage. Apply the BFM in 2 stages using 1/2 of the Material in each stage. Allow the first stage application to dewater before applying the second stage. Do not use BFM in water bearing soils or by itself in ditch bottoms carrying concentrated flows. E.2.e Type Reinforced Fiber Matrix (RFM) Apply FRM with hydraulic spray Equipment by a manufacturer's certified applicator. Apply RFM at the targeted dry weight rate of 3,900 pounds per acre. Adjustments made in the field based on site characteristics, soil conditions, and manufacturer’s recommendations. Use the water to bale ratio recommended by the manufacturer. F Placing Sod Before delivering sod to the Work site, prepare the soil per 2574.3A, “Soil Preparation, General,” to avoid delays in placing the sod. Before placing the sod pre-wet the soil to a damp condition. Provide proper notching into existing surfaces. Hand tamp or roll sod to get complete ground contact. Use straw or hydro mulch to stabilize exposed areas until installation of sod is within the specified sodding dates. Incorporate any straw mulch into soil prior to sod installation. Reseed or remulch damaged areas adjacent to the sod within 5 Working Days after completing the sod placement and rolling or tamping operations. F.1 Slopes Place sod strips starting at the bottom of the slope and progressing upward with long edges parallel to the contour. Stagger joints alternately without space between. Secure the sod to the slope with 12 inch tapered wooden stakes cut from 1 inch by 2 inch lumber or 8 inch

Engineer. Spaced no greater than 2 feet apart. At the tops of slopes steeper than 1:4 (Vertical:Horizontal), trench the sod 3 inches into the topsoil. Shingle sod on slopes 1:2 (Vertical:Horizontal) and steeper and at Culvert ends, overlap the upper piece by at least 3 inches. Use wire staples to secure sod on the slope at 16 inch intervals. Trench 3 inches of sod into the topsoil on the uppermost strip of sod. F.2 Ditches In ditch bottoms and other areas with expected concentrated water flow (i.e. flumes), place the sod parallel to the direction of water flow in the main channel . Shingle sod overlapping the ends by at least 4 inches and the edges by at least 3 inches. Trench 3 inches of sod into the topsoil on the uppermost strip of sod on side-slopes steeper than 1:4 (Vertical:Horizontal).

In ditch bottoms with high flow velocities, overlay shingled sod with jute, a biodegradable netting, or chain link fence. Use stakes or staples to secure the jute, netting, or fence to the sod. The jute, biodegradable netting, or the chain link fence will not require removal after maintenance period. F.3 Dormant Sodding Dormant sod on slopes, in ditches, and at least 10 feet from the Shoulder after the fall sodding date and soil freeze-up meeting the following conditions:

second watering is not needed when the sod receives 1 inch of rain or snow cover Do not dormant sod in areas shown with salt tolerant sod (3878, “Sod,”) or within 10 feet from the Shoulder, including areas next to boulevards and areas receiving salt encrusted snow and ice from winter deicing operations. Temporary stabilize these areas with mulch or rolled erosion prevention product. G Placing Rolled Erosion Prevention Products For products without a Plan defined detail sheet, submit manufacturer’s recommendations of installation prior to any changes proposed by the Contractor. G.1 Temporary Rolled Erosion Prevention Products G.1.a Straw and Wood Fiber Based Products Prepare the soil according to 2574, “Soil Preparation.” Place the rolled erosion prevention products within 24 hours after sowing the seed on that area. Products with netting on 2 sides, place the side with the majority of thread stitching on the bottom. Roll out rolled erosion prevention product flat and parallel or perpendicular to the direction of water flow. Evenly spread the rolled erosion prevention product without stretching, allowing the fibers to come in direct contact with the soil over the entire area. Shingle and overlap the edges parallel to water flow by at least 4 inches. Shingle and overlap the edges perpendicular to water flow by at least 7 inches. Anchor overlaps on slopes at 1 1/2 foot intervals and elsewhere using types and depths defined in Table 3885.2-1 and Table 3885.2-2. At the tops of slopes and at the beginning of each rolled erosion prevention product in ditch bottoms, bury the upgrade end of the blanket in a check slot 6 inches wide by 6 inches deep. Insert the product end to the full depth of the check slot. Backfill and compact the check slot. For slopes longer than 100 feet, dig a second check slot perpendicular to the slope gradient 1/3 of the slope length measured from the bottom of the slope. Place the rolled erosion prevention product to the full depth of the check slot. Backfill, and compact the check slot. Anchor rolled erosion prevention product using types and depths defined in Table 3885.2-1 and Table 3885.2-2 with the number of staples according to Table 2575.3-2 or manufacturer’s recommendations.

Table 2575.3-2 Stapling of Blankets Slope (Vertical:Horizontal) Minimum Number of Staples per 100 square yard Flatter than 1:2 120 1:2 – 1:1 170 Channel or ditch applications 350 G.1.b Extended Duration Open Weave Textile Products Place the 3885, “Rolled Erosion Prevention Products,” concurrent with sowing of specified seed on that area. Provide overlap and anchor systems for o pen weave textile products as shown in the Plans, or according to manufacturer’s recommendations. G.1.c Winter Installation Place 3885, “Rolled Erosion Prevention Products,” over frozen ground and use anchors as shown in Table 3885.2-1 or Table 3885.2-2 for winter utilization. G.2 Permanent Rolled Erosion Prevention Products Shape and prepare the site according to 2574, “Soil Preparation.” Provide Permanent rolled erosion prevention products meeting the requirements of the categories as shown on the Plans. G.2.a Surface Applied Products Seed as per 2575.3G.1, “Temporary Rolled Erosion Prevention Products,” but with overlaps, shingling, and trenching according to manufacturer’s recommendations. Provide anchor type and depth shown in Table 3885.2-4. Fill voids in product and cover product surface using 3884, “Hydraulic Erosion Control Products,” reinforced fiber matrix at the rate defined by the manufacturer. For steep slopes, 2:1 or greater, hydraulically fill the cells of the product with a blend of seed, fertilizer, and reinforced fiber matrix at a rate of 3,900 pounds per acre or to complete fill the product surface and void spaces below. G.2.b Soil Filled Products Place the seed at the full seeding rate, half of the fertilizer, and soil/organic amendments. Place the rolled erosion prevention product immediately afterward. Roll out or lay the product parallel to the direction of water flow. Evenly spread the product without stretching, allowing the synthetic fibers to come in direct contact with the soil over the entire area. Do not allow any voids to remain between the prod uct and the soil surface. Bury and anchor the beginning edge of each product in a check slot 6 inches wide by 6 inches deep. Overlap adjacent strip edges by at least 4 inches. Provide anchor type and depth shown in Table 3885.2-5 to provide 3.5 anchors per square yard or to manufacturer’s recommendations, whichever is greater. Fill the surface of the installed product using one of the following methods:

top of the installed product at a targeted rate of 135 cubic yard per acre. Apply additional seed at the full seeding rate and the other 1/2 of the fertilizer on top of the soil.

the installed product at a targeted rate of 135 cubic yard per acre. Apply additional seed at the full seeding rate and the other 1/2 of the fertilizer on top of the compost.

rate and the other 1/2 of the fertilizer with 3884.2B.1, “Organic Fiber Matrix,” in the hydroseeder. Do not allow the seed to remain in the hydroseeder tank mixture for more than 1 hour. Hydraulically apply the mixture on top of the installed product at a targeted dry weight rate of 4000 pounds organic fiber matrix per acre. Adjust actual application rate of soil, compost, or organic fiber matrix as needed to achieve a 1/2 inch to 1 inch Layer and ensure all voids on the product surface are covered and the high points of the product surface are barely visible. Use only rubber tired Equipment if Equipment must operate on the product. Do not allow tracked Equipment or sharp turns on the product. Place temporary rolled erosion prevention category 35 per 2575.3G.1, “Temporary Rolled Erosion Prevention Products,” on top of the seeded topsoil, compost, or organic fiber matrix. G.3 Placing Permanent Ultra High Performance Products G.3.a Category 80 Shape and prepare the site according to 2574, “Soil Preparation” or as shown in the Plan. Prepare, shape, and smooth the Subgrade and ensure soils are free of all rocks, stones, sticks, roots, other protrusions, or debris of any kind. The prepared smooth surface shall provide a firm unyielding foundation for the product with no sharp or abrupt changes or breaks in the grade, and contain the water flow profile. For category 80A only, apply seed directly to the prepared soil prior to installation of the p roduct. Furnish and install products at the locations and to the line and grade specified on the Plans. Follow the Standard Specifications, Table 3885.2-6, and manufacturer’s directions for installation, including head and side trenching, shingle overlap, and anchor spacing. G.3.b Category 90 Provide product at the thickness shown in the Plans. Shape and prepare soil appropriate to the intended use. Unless otherwise specified, bury the upgrade end and sides of the product in a check slot 6 inches wide by 6 inches deep. Place anchoring and fastening pins following the manufacturer’s recommendations. Overlap all edges by at least 4 inches and secure with anchoring or fastening pins. Apply a bonding seal agent to the seams for a water tight seal. Apply sufficient water to allow proper saturation and hydration and setting of mat and cover as per manufacture’s recommendations. Apply additional water 1 hour later on fabrics thicker than 0.5 inches, ditch grades greater than 2 percent, slopes greater than 1:3, and temperatures greater than 80 degrees Fahrenheit to complete the hydration process. Product has a working time of 1 -2 hours after hydration. H Shoulder Mulch Overspray Perform Shoulder mulch overspray by spraying 3884, “Hydraulic Erosion Control Products,” tackifier over seeded and mulched areas on a strip 3 feet wide immediately abutting a Gravel or paved Shoulder as shown on the Plans. During placement, perform the following:

Use a distributer spray bar to spray the 3884.2A, “Hydraulic Tackifiers,” at an application rate of 200 pounds per acre that provides 90 percent ground coverage. I Compost Blanket Uniformly apply a 2-inch deep layer of Grade 2 compost per 3890, “Compost,” as a compost blanket over the soil after preparing the soil per 2574, “Soil Preparation.” Distribute the compost by hand with a shovel, spreader unit, or pneumatic blower. Incorporate seed into the compost or broadcast the seed over the top after uniformly spreading the compost. When placing compost blanket adjacent other erosion control products or existing vegetation provide an overlap of at least 2 feet. When placing compost blanket on a 1:2 (Vertical:Horizontal) slope, place and anchor open weave textile netting over the top. J Weed Control Control and prevent the spreading of State listed Noxious Weed (NW) and/ or invasive weeds as per Contract or as directed by the Engineer. The current State listed NW species is determined by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture. Identify, mark, map, and monitor weed infestation areas and apply treatments at the appropriate time in order to prevent seed production and spreading. Obtain a permit from the County Agricultural Inspector or Minnesota Department of Agriculture to transport Material or Equipment containing propagating parts of NW. Follow the permit requirements. Submit to Engineer a copy of the permit. Submit a Plan at the pre-construction meeting for reducing the spread of NW. The Plan must include methods and sequence of Work. Plans including the use of herbicide(s), submit a copy of the commercial applicator license with categories for CORE and Right-of-way, and list of herbicides to be used. The Inspector must approve herbicides used on Department Right-of-way prior to use. Movement and reuse of topsoil from infested areas shall be limited to the confines of identified infested areas. Delineate weed infested areas indicated on the Plan on the Project and when appropriate, fence off from any Work, vehicles, or Equipment. Minimize the spread of weed seed and other propagules from designated infested areas by minimizing disturbance and by cleaning vehicles and Equipment. Cleaning shall remove soil and vegetation debris from vehicles and Equipment before moving out of infested areas or moving into Project limits. Stockpile of NW infested soils shall be separate from non-infested stockpiles. K Maintenance K.1 Sod Sod maintenance period is 30 Calendar Days. The maintenance period is suspended when soil temperature falls below 32°F and resumes after snow melt and soil temperature is above 40°F. Water within 1/2 hour after sod is laid on soil and provide 1 inch of water. Water sod as needed to maintain soil moisture for the first 10 Calendar Days. For the remainder of the 30 Calendar Days, water sod to supplement rainfall to provide 1 inch per week. Apply all water at a rate that prevents runoff to occur. During the maintenance period, replace sod dried, dead, damaged, displaced, or weakened or sod infested with over 50 percent weeds. Maintain areas replaced with new sod for at least 20 Calendar Days after replacement. After maintenance period has ended and as directed by the Engineer apply additional water to supplement rainfall not to exceed 1 inch per 7 Calendar Days until soil temperature falls below 32 degrees.

K.2 Rolled Erosion Prevention Products Maintain the product installation for 45 Calendar Days if required by the Contract or if substituting product and seed for sod, as approved by the Engineer. Water the blankets and mat systems immediately after placement at a metered application rate of at least 3 ,000 gallons per acre and thereafter as needed to furnish appropriate vegetation. Control erosion and establish a permanent vegetative cover as approved by the Engineer until Contract acceptance. Restore areas with seeding failure or erosion during the maintenance period at no additional cost to the Department. K.3 Seed Repair damage within the area caused by Contractor operations and within the Contractor’s control at no expense to the Department. Reseed areas where the original seed has failed to grow, as directed by the Engineer. K.4 Mulch Re-mulch areas where the original mulch has eroded, washed away, or blown off, and reseed areas where the original seed has failed to grow, as directed by the Engineer. Use the seed mixture shown on the Plans or other seed mixture approved by the Engineer to perform reseeding. K.5 Mowing and Weed Spraying Perform the Work required to control the Department of Agriculture State listed Prohibited Noxious Weeds, either on the areas seeded or sodded under the Contract. The weed spray mixture to be furnished and used shall be as required for that weed control. The E ngineer shall approve all Work and weed control Material prior to the start of Work. The Equipment used shall not be so heavy that it causes soil slips or ruts on the slopes or in the ditches. Perform the Work at such time and in such a manner that will avoid spray drift outside the areas designated for spraying. L Turf Establishment Turf establishment by a lump sum is for establishing permanent vegetation on small areas of 2 1/2 acres or less per Contract. Such Work shall include soil bed preparation, fertilizer, sod or mulch, rolled erosion prevention products, seed and repair of erosion rills of 3 inches or greater in width or depth. Unless otherwise shown on the Plans, establish vegetative cover by sodding or by seeding and mulching. Fertilize the areas with a slow release fertilizer in accordance with 3881.2B.3 “Type 3 – Slow Release Fertilizer” at a rate derived from a topsoil fertility test result. If seeding, provide and place Mesic Inslope seed mixture as specified in 3876 “Seed.” Stabilize seeded areas with Type 3 Mulch in accordance with 3882 “Mulch Material” and disc anchoring. Stabilize slopes steeper than or equal to 3h:1 v, ditch bottoms, and other areas of concentrated flow with category 25 Rolled Erosion Prevention Product . The Engineer will accept the area after the perennial seed germinates, vegetation is at least 4 inches in height, and cover is uniform. If the seeding fails to germinate, correct and reseed failed areas to establish turf. If using sod, place and maintain sod in accordance with 2575.3F, “Placing Sod,” and 2575.3K, Maintenance.” The Engineer will accept sod in accordance with 2575.3N, “Acceptance of Work.” L.1 Subsurface Drain Outlets As per 2502 “Subsurface Drains,” plant the area around subsurface drain outlets with the seed mixture shown in the Plans. Plant Mesic Inslope Seed Mixture in accordance with 3876 ”Seed” if no seed mixture is shown in the Plans. Place rolled erosion prevention category 25 or as shown in the Plans, for that area. Center the headwall along the width of the temporary product. Extend the temporary product 3 feet above the headwall, and 6 1/2 feet below the headwall or to the toe of slope, whichever is the shorter distance. Place product ancho rs at

intervals no greater than 1 1/2 feet apart of the type and depth defined in 3885.2, “Rolled Erosion Prevention Products, Requirements.” If placing a headwall at a location that will be sodded as required by the Contract, delete the seed and rolled erosion prevention product. M Rapid Stabilization On Projects with a DNR Public Waters Permit that have Rapid Stabilization Method 2 or Rapid Stabilization Method 3 Provide a Manufacturers Letter of Certification certifying that the Hydraulic Matrix product does not contain any plastic fiber material. Submit letter and provide time for review and acceptance prior to product installation. Perform rapid stabilization at any time when Work is stopped temporarily and there is a risk that sediment will enter the resource waters due to stormwater runoff. Provide the Materials for the methods of rapid stabilization in accordance with Table 2575.3-3: Table 2575.3-3 Rapid Stabilization Method Materials 1 2 tons per acre of Type 1 mulch followed by disc anchoring 2 1.5 tons per acre of Type 3 mulch 750 pounds per acre of Stabilized Fiber Matrix (3884.2 B.3) A slurry consisting of the following and applied at a rate of 6,000 gallons per acre: • 330 pounds of Stabilized Fiber Matrix (3884.2 B.3) per 1,000 gallons of slurry • 10 pounds of Two-year Cover Crop Seed Mixture per 1,000 gallons of slurry • 50 pounds of 10-10-10 Type 3 slow release fertilizer per 1,000 gallons of slurry • 875 gallons of water per 1,000 gallons of slurry Category 25 Rolled Erosion Prevention Product 2 pounds per 100 square yards of Two-year Cover Crop Seed Mixture 8 pounds per 100 square yards of 10-10-10 Type 3 slow release fertilizer 5 Riprap, Class II Geotextile, Type 3 M.1 Placement M.1.a Method 1 Use method 1 to place mulch on a coverage area from 1/2 acre to 2 acre. Loosen the soil surface before placement to allow anchoring the mulch. Place the mulch to obtain 90 percent ground coverage. Use blower Equipment to place mulch. In areas inaccessible to a blower, place mulch by hand. Immediately after placement, use a dis k anchoring tool to anchor the mulch. M.1.b Method 2 Use method 2 to place mulch on a coverage area from 1/2 acre to 2 acre. Loosen the soil surface before placing the mulch. Place mulch to obtain 75 percent ground coverage. Use blower Equipment to place mulch. In areas inaccessible to a blower, place mulch by hand. Immediately after placement, overspray the mulch with type hydraulic mulch at a rate of 750 pounds per acre. M.1.c Method 3 Use method 3 to place slurry on a coverage area from 1/2 acre to 1.5 acres. Apply Material in quantities to obtain 100 percent soil surface coverage. In inaccessible areas, pump the mix through a hose. Do not place on snow covered areas. Do not use when Material is left in the tank overnight.

M.1.d Method 4 Use method 4 to place fertilizer, seed, and rolled erosion prevention product on a coverage area from 100 square yards to 1,000 square yards. Bury the upgrade end of each blanket strip at least 6 inches in a vertical check slot. Place anchors at seams and throughout the blanket spaced no greater than 2 feet apart, following type and depth defined in Table 3885.2-2. M.1.e Method 5 Use Method 5 to place class II riprap and geotextile to cover areas. N Acceptance of Work Notify the Engineer at least 24 hours before beginning or changing turf establishment operations. N.1 Seeding The Engineer will accept permanent seeding in area increments after the placement of seed in accordance with the specifications 2575.3B, “Placing Seed.” For hydro-seeding acceptance will be based on uniform soil coverage. N.2 Mulching Mulching will be accepted 2 Calendar Days after initial placement. Remulch areas where the mulch has blown off or washed away during the 2 Calendar Day period at no additional cost to the Department. N.3 Sod After expiration of the sod maintenance period, the Engineer will inspect the W ork and will accept living sod that is placed in accordance with 2575.3F, “Placing Sod,” and when pulled does not lift from soil. N.4 Rolled Erosion Prevention Products For Contracts not requiring maintenance, the Engineer will accept products when installed in accordance to 2575.3, “Establishing Vegetation and Controlling Erosion, Construction Requirements” and 3885, “Rolled Erosion Prevention Products.” N.5 Hydraulic Erosion Control Products The Engineer will accept hydraulic erosion control products providing 90 percent exposed soil coverage. The Engineer will accept areas covered by BFM and Type RFM at 100 percent exposed soil coverage. O Restoration After the Engineer accepts the turf establishment in an area, restore areas damaged by erosion and sedimentation beyond the Contractor’s control as directed by the Engineer. Scarify, grade, shape, excavate, and till to restore eroded areas and clean up sedimentation as directed by the Engineer. Shape, fill, and compact depressions and washouts resulting from erosion with suitable topsoil borrow meeting 3877, “Topsoil Material,” as approved by the Engineer. Remove deposited sedimentation as directed by the Engineer. Spread or dispose of sediment removed as approved by the Engineer. Use seed, mulch, rolled erosion prevention products, and sod in the restoration as approved by the Engineer. P Temporary Poly or Geotextile Coverings Cover exposed soils with poly sheeting, or Type 5 geotextile fabric and secure tightly in place using an anchoring system of sand bags or other methods accepted by the E ngineer. Trench at the top of slope and secure adequately to maintain cover during reasonably expected conditions in the area. Provide a water diversion above to direct water away from areas and prevent undermining. Provide toe protection to control drainage from areas covered so that the discharge does not cause erosion.

Q Workmanship and Quality To qualify for payment, perform corrective actions when the quality and workmanship fails to meet the Material, installation, or maintenance requirements in the Contract.

2575.4METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

A Seeding Measure seeding by the area seeded, regardless of the seed mixture or quantity of seed used, and regardless of whether the seed was furnished by the Contractor or the Department . Areas reseeded by order of the Engineer, after the original seeding of the area was accepted, will be measured and added to the area originally seeded. B Seed Measure seed by the weight of Pure Live Seed (PLS) by PLS mass of each mixture or species placed. C Mulch Measure mulch in accordance with the following:

accordance with 2575.3C, “Applying Mulch”

2575.3C, “Applying Mulch”

installed in accordance with 2575.3C, “Applying Mulch”

placed in accordance with 2575.3C, “Applying Mulch” to the thickness shown on the Plans

D Water Measure water used by volume for turf establishment of seeded or sodded areas. E Disk Anchoring Measure disk anchoring for Type 1, Type 3, and Type 8 mulch by the area of mulch disked in accordance with 2575.3D, “Disk Anchoring.” F Sod Measure sod by the surface area based at the time of installation. Include the overlapped portion of shingled sod in the measurement. G Hydraulic Erosion Control Products Measure tackifiers by the area covered in accordance with 2575.3E, “Placing Hydraulic Erosion Control Products.” Measure all other hydraulic erosion control products by dry weight of each type. H Turf Establishment Measure turf establishment by lump sum, no measurement will be made of any individual turf establishment item. Included are all Materials and labor as necessary to accomplish the Work regardless of quantities involved. I Rolled Erosion Prevention Products The Engineer will measure each Rolled Erosion Prevention Category separately by the square yard of area covered. The Engineer will measure Category 90 by the square yard of surface area covered and cured in place. The Engineer will measure the seed and fertilizer separately. The Engineer will

measure any soil or soil amendments installed before placement of rolled erosion prevention products separately. J Seams and Trenches The Engineer will not measure those portions of rolled erosion prevention products buried in trenches or check slots or covered by overlaps along seams. K Blanket Checks For blanket checks placed according to Standard Plan 5-297.404, the Engineer will add an additional 4 feet of length, multiply by the width, and convert to square yards of blanket for each blanket check placed. L Soil Filled Products The Engineer will not measure any soil, compost, or organic fiber matrix applied on top of soil filled products. M Rolled Erosion Prevention Products Measure each category separately by the area covered. Do not include those portions buried in trenches or covered by required overlaps along seams. For blanket checks installed according to Standard Plan 5-297.404, add an additional 4 feet of length, multiply by the width, and convert to square yards of blanket for each blanket check installed. Measure the seed and fertilizer separately. Measure any soil or soil amendments installed before placement of rolled erosion prevention products separately. Any soil, compost, or organic fiber matrix applied on top of soil filled products is included in the Pay Item rolled erosion prevention. Measure category 90 by the surface area covered and cured in-place. N Rapid Stabilization Measure method 1 and method 2 rapid stabilization by the acre acceptably installed. Minimum measure is 1/2 acre and in 1/6 acre increments per area measured. Measure method 3 rapid stabilization by the 1,000 gallons (M gallon) of slurry furnished and acceptably placed. Minimum measure is 3 M gallon and in 1 M gallon increments (1/6 acre equivalent). Measure method 4 rapid stabilization by the square yard of rolled erosion prevention product acceptably installed. Minimum measure is 100 square yard and in 25 square yard increments per area measured. Measure method 5 rapid stabilization will be measured by the ton of rock provided and acceptably installed. O Temporary Poly or Geotextile Coverings Measure temporary coverings by the square yard for each areas covered, include all Materials and labor necessary to provide proper slope protection for the life of the Contract of that area covered.

2575.5BASIS OF PAYMENT

The Contract Pay Items for establishing turf and controlling erosion will include all labor, Materials, Equipment and other Incidentals to compete the Work. The Contract Pay Item will include maintenance, replacement, and repair when required by Contract. For items of Work not included in the schedule of Contract Pay Items, the Department will pay Unit Prices for the relevant items of Work.

A Erosion Control Items When the Contract requires maintenance, the Department will pay for installation in a partial payment no greater than 50 percent of the Contract Unit Price. The Department will pay the remaining partial payment after proper maintenance and final acceptance by the Engineer. B Seed The Department will pay for seed by the PLS weight of each mixture or species measured. C Hydroseeding The Department will not pay for seed mixture or seed/fertilizer mixture that is unused and left in the hydroseeder for longer than 1 hour. D Mulch The Contract Unit Price for mulch Material, Type 9 includes the cost of the geotextile fabric for the area covered. The Contract Unit Price for mulch Material type 4 includes hydraulic stabilized fiber matrix. E Rapid Stabilization The Contract Unit Prices for rapid stabilization will include the cost of mobilization. The Contract acre price of rapid stabilization, method 1 or method 2 includes the cost of disk anchoring or hydraulic erosion control products. The contract M gallon price for rapid stabilization, method 3 includes the cost of seed, fertilizer, and hydraulic erosion control products. The Contract square yard price for rapid stabilization, method 4 includes the cost of seed and fertilizer. The Contract ton price for rapid stabilization, method 5 includes the cost of geotextile. F Rolled Erosion Prevention Products The Department will pay for rolled erosion prevention product by the square yard. Portions of rolled erosion prevention product covered by overlap along the seams or buried in trenches or check slots are included in the Contract Unit Price. Portions of rolled erosion prevention product folded over as blanket checks are paid for by the square yard of Rolled erosion prevention, Category ___. Soil, compost, or organic fiber matrix applied on top of Soil filled products are included in the Contract Unit Price. G Shoulder Mulch Overspray The Department will pay for hydraulic erosion control products, type tackifier separately from Type 1 mulch and disk anchoring for shoulder mulch overspray H Compost Blanket The Contract Unit Price for compost blanket will include compost and all W ork to perform the task. I Turf Establishment The Contract Unit Item includes all costs incurred to complete the Work. The cost of restoring disturbed areas includes tilling, fertilizing, mulching, and establishment of vegetative cover. The Department will provide partial payment of 50 percent of the Contract Unit Item. The Department will pay the remaining partial payment after proper maintenance and acceptance of the vegetative cover. J Mowing and Weed Control Payment for mowing and weed spraying at the Contract prices per unit of measure will be compensation in full for all labor and Equipment employed in the Work, and for all Materials used, except

that separate payment will be made for the weed spray mixture furnished and applied in conjunction with the item of weed spraying. K Schedule The Department will pay for establishing and maintaining turf and controlling erosion on the basis of the following schedule: Item No. Item Unit

2575.501 Turf Establishment lump sum

4 Compost Blanket square yard

4 Rolled Erosion Prevention Category ____* square yard

4 Hydraulic ____ Tackifier square yard

4 Mulch Material Type 4 square yard

4 Rapid Stabilization Method 4 square yard

4 Sodding Type ____ square yard

4 Temporary ____ǁ Covering square yard

5 Disk Anchoring acre

5 Mowing acre

5 Rapid Stabilization Method ____ acre

5 Seeding acre

5 Weed Spraying acre

6 Weed Spray Mixture gallon

7 Mulch Material, Type ____ cubic yard

8 Hydraulic ____ Tackifier pound

8 Hydraulic ___ _Matrix pound

8 Shoulder Mulch Overspray pound

8 Seed, Mixture ____ pound

9 Mulch Material Type ____ ton

9 Rapid Stabilization Method 5 ton

2575.523 Water M gallon

3 Rapid Stabilization Method 3 M gallon

* If maintenance applies, the Department will place the sub note, “Includes Maintenance” on the Pay Item shown in the summary of quantities on the Plans. ǁ Specify Poly or Geotextile. L Unit Prices In addition to the erosion control Pay Items included in the Plan, the Engineer may require the items listed below as site conditions warrant (provided the items below are not already included in the Plan). Payment for additional items as ordered by the Engineer will be made in accordance with the following schedule: Disc Anchoring ................................................................................................ $100.00/acre Mulch Material, Type 1 .................................................................................... $250.00/ton L.1 Seed Mixtures (for temporary use) 21-111 or 21-112 ...............................................................................$1.90/pound 21-113 ................................................................................................$2.25/pound 22-111 ................................................................................................$4.50/pound 32-241 ............................................................................................. $36.00/pound 34-171 ............................................................................................. $65.00/pound L.2 Erosion Control Blanket Category 25 ............................................................................... $2.40/square yard

Category 30 ............................................................................... $2.25/square yard Category 72 ............................................................................. $11.00/square yard L.3 Rapid Stabilization Method 1 ....................................................................................... $1,000.00/acre Method 2 ....................................................................................... $1,300.00/acre Method 3 .................................................................................. $600.00/M Gallon Method 4 .................................................................................. $1.75/square yard Hydraulic Stabilized Fiber Matrix .......................................................$1.00/pound Hydraulic Reinforced Fiber Matrix .....................................................$2.00/pound Temporary Poly (Fiber Reinforced) Covering ............................ $5.00/square yard Temporary Geotextile Covering ................................................ $7.00/square yard Water .......................................................................................... $31.00/M Gallon Mowing (Hand Whip) ....................................................................... $100.00/hour Mowing (Machine) ............................................................................ $300.00/acre Weed Spraying .................................................................................. $150.00/acre

M Sod The Contract Unit Price for sod includes maintenance as described in 2575.3K.1 “Sod” during the 30 day maintenance period and during any extension to the maintenance period due to sod replacements. The Contract Unit Price for sod does not include additional watering or maintenance ordered by the Engineer after the 30 day maintenance period or after any ex tension in the maintenance period due to sod replacements, whichever is longer.