410.01 Description
This work is applying 1 or more coats of bituminous material on a prepared aggregate roadway surface, covering each application with aggregate surfacing material.
410.02 Materials
410.02.1 Bituminous Material
Furnish the specified bituminous material in accordance with Section 702.
410.02.2 Aggregate
Furnish the specified aggregate in accordance with Section 701.
410.03 Construction Requirements
410.03.1 Equipment
Maintain the following equipment on the project throughout the work.
A.Distributor. One pressure distributor for bituminous material with a minimum 1,000- gallon (3785 L) capacity insulated tank, internally heated. Equip the distributor with a full-circulating spray bar:
1.At least 9 feet (2.8 m) long.
2.Capable of 1-foot (305 mm) incremental length adjustments up to 16 feet (4.9 m).
3.Having vertical nozzle adjustment that conforms to the roadway crown.
4.Capable of lateral shifting of the entire spray bar while operating; and
5.With vertical height adjustment capable of maintaining a preset height above the road surface. Use spray bars and flat-slotted nozzles designed to not clog during intermittent operation and provide positive cutoff of the bituminous material. Use positive-acting flow control valves to produce a uniform, unbroken spread of bituminous material. Remove or repair distributors not uniformly distributing the bituminous material. Ensure the distributor has devices and charts to provide accurate, rapid determination and quantity control of the bituminous material application. Equip the distributor with a pressure pump, pressure gauge, thermometer well, thermometer, and a calibrated fluid content gauge. Use pneumatic-tired distributors meeting legal load requirements.
B.Rollers. Furnish pneumatic tired rollers in accordance with Subsection 210.03.4(D).
C.Aggregate Spreader. Provide one self-propelled aggregate spreader:
1.Equipped with at least 4 pneumatic tired wheels on 2 axles.
2.Capable of uniformly spreading the material over the full width of the bituminous material; and
3.The spreader application rate being independent of motive power.
D.Cleaning Equipment. Use power brooms, blowers, or hand brooms.
E.Watering Stockpiles. Provide equipment for wetting the cover aggregate stockpiles, when required.
F.Watering Equipment. Furnish water-distributing equipment in accordance with Subsection 210.03.5. 410 – BITUMINOUS SURFACE TREATMENT 2020 EDITION V5.1 410-2
G.Scales. Furnish scales in accordance with Subsection 301.03.2(C).
410.03.2 Existing Surface Preparation
Prepare the aggregate to receive bituminous surface treatment to the requirements and tolerances found elsewhere in the contract. When required, apply a light, uniform water application to the roadway surface just before applying the bituminous material. Do not exceed 3% moisture by weight in the top 2 inches (50 mm) of the aggregate course. When required, apply an aggregate treatment at the rate directed before the initial application of bituminous surface treatment. Apply the aggregate in accordance with Section 301.
410.03.3 Sweeping
Clean the roadway surface of all dust, dirt, and foreign material before applying the bituminous material.
410.03.4 Application of Bituminous Material
Apply the bituminous material with a maximum allowable variation of 0.02 gallon per square yard (0.4 L/m2) from the specified application rate. Apply bituminous material only with the Project Manager’s approval. Apply the material when the surface temperature is at or above 60 °F (16 °C). Do not work when rain, wind, or temperatures would prevent obtaining the specified results. Uniformly apply the bituminous material at the temperature and rate specified. Provide uniform surface cover and true lines. Ensure high viscosity bituminous materials are covered with aggregate within 5 minutes. Apply bituminous material to produce smooth and consistent transverse and longitudinal joints in successive applications with the adjacent completed surfaces. Longitudinal joints may be from 6 to 10 inches (150 to 255 mm) wide but not overlap at the application ends. Prevent lapping at transverse joints by inserting a drip pan under the nozzles if necessary. Before continuing the application, spread protective sheets over the treated surface on the cover aggregate to provide bituminous coverage at the joint. Apply the material to keep meet lines to a minimum. The Project Manager may approve full width application of bituminous material and cover aggregate in a single, continuous operation. Re-apply bituminous material at joints where the uncovered bituminous material has set and does not bond the aggregate at Contractor expense.
410.03.5 Application of Cover Material
When directed, water the stockpiled cover aggregate before spreading it on the bituminous material. Cover the first bituminous material application within 60 minutes. Uniformly cover all bituminous material with cover aggregate at the specified rate. When directed, use brooms to uniformly distribute the cover aggregate. Avoid displacement or loosening of the cover aggregate. Do not permit haul trucks and traffic to drive on any uncovered bituminous material. Furnish traffic control for fresh spread cover aggregate areas as specified in the traffic control plan. Before applying the adjacent bituminous material, broom all joints the full width to remove loose aggregate. 2020 EDITION V5.1 BITUMINOUS SURFACE TREATMENT – 410 410-3
410.03.6 Rolling
Roll the cover aggregate immediately after spreading within 30 minutes of spreading. Use self-propelled pneumatic-tired rollers with a ground contact pressure of between 50 psi (345 kPa) and 95 psi (656 kPa). Provide 2 rollers for each aggregate spreader used. Roll parallel to the centerline, starting on the low side of the lane and working towards the crown or high side. Overlap roller passes at least 6 inches (150 mm). Continue rolling until a smooth, compacted surface is produced. Avoid displacing or loosening the cover material while rolling.
410.03.7 Curing and Cleaning
When the rolling is completed on each surface course and the surface is accepted, it may be opened to traffic. Allow the surface to cure for at least 5 calendar days. Repair all surface defects in the treated surface immediately with the specified bituminous material or use a pre-mix bituminous aggregate at Contractor expense. Cover areas of excess bituminous material with aggregate and roll at Contractor expense. When the Project Manager determines the first course of bituminous material and cover aggregate has cured and set, all repairs have been accepted, all excess cover aggregate is removed, clean the surface of dirt, dust, and foreign materials. Begin construction of the succeeding course on the cleaned surface.
410.03.8 Completion
When the final course is complete, open the surface to traffic for 3 days, using the specified traffic control. During this time, broom and roll the surface as required. Repair all surface defects in accordance with Subsection 410.03.7. Cover all areas exhibiting excess bituminous material with aggregate and roll it.
410.03.9 Protection of Traffic and Highway Structures
A.Traffic Control. Furnish traffic control meeting the contract requirements and Section 618.
B.Structure Protection. Cover exposed bridge elements including expansion joints, culverts, curbs, gutters, guard fences, road signs, manhole lids, water valve box covers, and other roadside structures to protect them from splash or spray when applying bituminous material. Clean these same items of all bituminous material, cover aggregate, dirt, or other material caused by the Contractor’s operations. Repair all Contractor caused damage to the highway or structures at Contractor expense.
410.04 Method of Measurement
410.04.1 Bituminous Material
Bituminous material is measured by the gallon (L) or the ton (MT) in accordance with Subsection 402.04 .
410.04.2 Cover Aggregate
Cover aggregate is measured by the ton (MT), or the cubic yard (m3) measured in the vehicle at the point of delivery on the roadway, as specified in the contract and in accordance with Subsection 301.04.1 . 410 – BITUMINOUS SURFACE TREATMENT 2020 EDITION V5.1 410-4
410.04.3 Traffic Control
Traffic control is measured in accordance with Subsection 618.04.
410.04.4 Existing Surface Preparation
Where base construction is a part of the contract with bituminous surface treatment, the items of work for surface preparation are incidental to and included in payment for the base construction. Where bituminous surface treatment is applied to an existing aggregate surface, the work for existing surface preparation is incidental to and included in payment for the bituminous surface treatment.
410.04.5 Rolling and Watering
Rolling and watering are incidental to other items of the contract and not measured for payment.
410.05 Basis of Payment
Payment for the completed and accepted quantities is made under the following: Pay Item Pay Unit Bituminous Material Gallon (L) or Ton (MT) Cover Aggregate Cubic Yard (m3) or Ton (MT) Traffic Control See Subsection 618.05 Surface sweeping or cleaning, watering of aggregate stockpiles and the roadway surface, repairing damaged surfaces or surfaces with excess bituminous material, and protection and repair of structures specified in accordance with Subsection 410.03.9 are incidental to and included in payment for other items of the contract.
Referenced in this section
Sections that cite this one
Bituminous Surface Treatment in other states
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Source: Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2020 (v5.1) Edition. Pages 267–270 of 611. View official source ↗