Page 9-32 M 41-10
9-04 Joint Sealing Materials9-04 Joint Sealing Materials
9-04.1 Premolded Joint Fillers
9-04.1(1) Asphalt Filler for Contraction and Longitudinal Joints in Concrete
Pavements Premolded joint filler for use in contraction and longitudinal joints shall be ⅛ inch in thickness and shall consist of a suitable asphalt mastic encased in asphalt saturated paper or asphalt saturated felt. It shall be sufficiently rigid for easy installation in summer months and not too brittle for handling in cool weather. It shall meet the following test requirements: When a strip 2 inches wide and 24 inches long is freely supported 2 inches from each end and maintained at a temperature of 70°F, it shall support a weight of 100 grams placed at the center of the strip without deflecting downward from a horizontal position more than 2 inches within a period of 5 minutes.
9-04.1(2) Premolded Joint Filler for Expansion Joints
Premolded joint filler for use in expansion (through) joints shall conform to either AASHTO M213 Specifications for “Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction”, except that the requirement for water absorption is deleted, or ASTM D7174 Specifications for “Preformed Closed-Cell Polyolefin Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction”. As an alternative to the above, a semi-rigid, non-extruding, resilient type, closed-cell polypropylene foam, preformed joint filler with the following physical properties as tested to ASTM D545 Standard Test Methods may be used. Closed-Cell Polypropylene Foam Preformed Joint Filler Physical Property Requirement Test Method Water Absorption < 1.0% ASTM D545 Compression Recovery > 80% ASTM D545 Extrusion < 0.1 in. ASTM D545 Density > 3.5 lbs./cu.ft. ASTM D545 Water Boil (1 hr.) No expansion ASTM D545 Hydrochloric Acid Boil (1 hr.) No disintegration ASTM D545 Heat Resistance °F 392˚F± 5˚F ASTM D545
9-04.1(3) Vacant
9-04.1(4) Elastomeric Expansion Joint Seals
Premolded elastomeric expansion joint seals shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D2628 and shall be formed by an extrusion process with uniform dimensions and smooth exterior surfaces. The cross-section of the seal shall be shaped to allow adequate compressed width of the seal, as approved by the Engineer.
9-04.2 Joint Sealants
9-04.2(1) Hot Poured Joint Sealants
9-04.2(1)A Hot Poured Sealant
Hot poured sealant shall be sampled in accordance with ASTM D5167 and tested in accordance with ASTM D5329. M 41-10 Page 9-33 Joint Sealing Materials 9-049-04.2(1)A1 Hot Poured Sealant for Cement Concrete Pavement Hot poured sealant for cement concrete pavement shall meet the requirements of ASTM D6690 Type IV, except for the following:
1.The Cone Penetration at 25°C shall be 130 maximum.
2.The extension for the Bond, non-immersed, shall be 100 percent. Hot poured sealant for cement concrete pavement is acceptable for installations in joints where cement concrete pavement abuts a bituminous pavement.
9-04.2(1)A2 Hot Poured Sealant for Bituminous Pavement
Hot poured sealant for bituminous pavement shall meet the requirements of ASTM D6690 Type I or Type II. Hot poured sealant for bituminous pavement is acceptable for installations in joints where cement concrete pavement abuts a bituminous pavement.
9-04.2(1)B Sand Slurry for Bituminous Pavement
Sand slurry is mixture consisting of the following components measured by total weight:
1.Twenty percent CSS-1 emulsified asphalt,
2.Two percent portland cement or blended hydraulic cement, and
3.Seventy-eight percent fine aggregate meeting the requirements of Section
9-03.1(2)B Class 2. Fine aggregate may be damp (no free water).
9-04.2(1)C Polymer Modified Asphalt Mastic
Polymer modified asphalt mastic shall be prepackaged polymer modified asphalt binder and aggregate meeting the requirements of ASTM D8260.
9-04.2(2) Poured Rubber Joint Sealer
The physical properties of the joint sealer, when mixed in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations, shall be as follows:
1.Color: Gray or black. 2.1 Viscosity: Must be pourable and self-leveling at 50ºF. 3.1 Application Life: Not less than 3 hours at 72ºF and 50 percent relative humidity.
4.Set to Touch: Not more than 24 hours at 72ºF and 50 percent relative humidity.
5.Curing Time: Not more than 96 hours at 72ºF and 50 percent relative humidity.
6.Non-Volatile Content: Not less than 92 percent.
7.Hardness Rating (Durometer “Shore A”): 5-35.
8.Resiliency: Not less than 80 percent.
9.Bond test methods shall be in accordance with ASTM D5329. 1Viscosity and application life may be waived providing the material is mixed and placed by a pump and mixer approved by the Engineer. Suitable primer, if required by the manufacturer, shall be furnished with each joint sealer. The primer shall be suitable for brush or spray application at 50ºF or higher and shall cure sufficiently at 50ºF to pour the joint within 24 hours. It shall be considered as an integral part of the sealer system. Failure of the sealer in the test described herein, attributable to the primer, shall be grounds for rejection or re-testing of the sealer. Page 9-34 M 41-10
9-04 Joint Sealing Materials9-04.2(3) Single-Component Polyurethane Sealant
Single-Component Polyurethane sealant shall conform to ASTM C920 Type S Grade NS Class 25 Use M or ASTM C920 Type S Grade NS Class 35 Use M. Single-Component Polyurethane sealant shall be compatible with the closed cell foam backer rod. When required, compatibility characteristics of sealants in contact with backer rods shall be determined by Test Method ASTM C1087.
9-04.2(3)A Closed Cell Foam Backer Rod
Closed cell foam backer rod for use with polyurethane sealant shall conform to ASTM C1330 Type C.
9-04.3 Joint Mortar
Mortar for hand mortared joints shall conform to Section 9-20.4(3) and consist of one part portland cement or blended hydraulic cement, three parts fine sand, and sufficient water to allow proper workability. Cement shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 85, Type I or Type II. Sand shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 45. Water shall conform to the requirements of Section 9-25.1 .
9-04.4 Pipe Joint Gaskets
9-04.4(1) Rubber Gaskets for Concrete Pipes and Precast Manholes
Rubber gaskets for use in joints of concrete culvert or storm sewer pipe and precast manhole sections shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C443. Standard gaskets meeting the dimensions, tolerances, and physical requirements of ASTM C1619, Class C shall be used unless the plans require oil resistant gaskets meeting the dimensions, tolerances, and physical requirements of ASTM C1619, Class D.
9-04.4(2) Vacant
9-04.4(3) Gaskets for Aluminum or Steel Culvert or Storm Sewer Pipe
Rubber gaskets for use with metal culvert or storm sewer pipe shall be continuous closed cell, synthetic expanded rubber gaskets conforming to the requirements of ASTM D1056, Grade 2B3. Butyl rubber gaskets for use with metal culvert or storm sewer pipe shall conform to the applicable requirements of ASTM C990.
9-04.4(4) Rubber Gaskets for Aluminum or Steel Drain Pipe
Gaskets for metal drain pipe shall be self-adhering, butyl-based, scrim-supported type. The gaskets shall be as described in the Standard Plan when specified.
9-04.4(5) Protection and Storage
Rubber gasket material shall be stored in a clean, cool place, protected from sunlight and contaminants. They shall be protected from direct sunlight at all times except during actual installation. Pipes with gaskets affixed shall be installed in the line within 28 days.
9-04.5 Flexible Plastic Gaskets
The gasket material shall be produced from blends of refined hydrocarbon resins and plasticizing materials reinforced with inert mineral filler and shall contain no solvents. It shall not depend on oxidizing, evaporating, or chemical action for adhesive or cohesive strength. It shall be supplied in extruded rope form of such cross section and size as to adequately fill spaces between the precast sections. The gasket material shall be protected by a suitable removable two-piece wrapper so designed as to permit removing one half, longitudinally, without disturbing the other. Its composition and properties shall conform to those set forth below. M 41-10 Page 9-35 Joint Sealing Materials 9-04Test Method Minimum Maximum Bitumen (Petroleum plastic content) ASTM D4 50 70 Ash-inert Mineral Matter AASHTO T 11 30 50 Penetration ASTM D217 32ºF (300gm) 60 sec 75 77ºF (150gm) 5 sec 50 120 115ºF (150gm) 5 sec 150 Softening Point AASHTO T 53 320ºF Specific Gravity at 77ºF ASTM D71 1.20 1.35 Weight per gallon, lb 10.0 11.3 Ductility at 77ºF (cm) ASTM D113 5.0 Flash Point COC, F ASTM D93 REV A600 Fire Point COC, F AASHTO T 48 625 Volatile Matter ASTM D6 2.0
9-04.6 Expanded Polystyrene
Expanded polystyrene shall be of a cellular molded type with a density of 1.5 plus or minus 0.25 pounds per cubic foot.
9-04.7 Expanded Rubber
Closed cell expanded rubber joint filler shall conform to ASTM D1056, Grade No. 2B3.
9-04.8 Flexible Elastomeric Seals
Flexible elastomeric seals for PVC drain pipe and underdrain pipe shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D3212.
9-04.9 Solvent Cements
Solvent cements for PVC underdrain pipe shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D2564.
9-04.10 Butyl Rubber and Nitrile Rubber
Butyl rubber shall conform to ASTM D2000, M1 BA 610. If the Engineer determines that the area will be exposed to petroleum products, Nitrile rubber shall be used and shall conform to ASTM D2000, M1 BG 610.
9-04.11 Butyl Rubber Sealant
Butyl rubber sealant shall conform to ASTM C990.
9-04.12 External Sealing Band
External sealing bands shall be Type II or III conforming to ASTM C877.
Source: Washington Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction, 2024 Edition. Pages 942–945 of 1,151.