9-35Temporary Traffic Control Materials

9-35.0 General Requirements

Temporary traffic control materials in this section consist of various traffic communication, channelization and protection items described in Section 1-10 and listed below: Stop/Slow Paddles Construction Signs Wood Sign Posts Sequential Arrow Signs Portable Changeable Message Signs Barricades Traffic Safety Drums Traffic Cones Tubular Markers Warning Lights and Flashers Transportable Attenuator 42-Inch Tall Channelizing Devices Portable Temporary Traffic Control Signal Temporary Pedestrian Curb Ramps Pedestrian Channelization Devices The basis for acceptance of temporary traffic control devices and materials shall be visual inspection by the Engineer’s representative. No sampling or testing will be done except that deemed necessary to support the visual inspection. Unless otherwise noted, requests for Approval of Material (RAM) and Qualified Products List (QPL) submittals are not required. Certification for crashworthiness according to NCHRP 350 or the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) will be required as described in Section 1-10.2(3) . “MUTCD”, as used in this section, shall refer to the latest WSDOT adopted edition of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways . In the event of conflicts between the MUTCD and the Contract provisions, then the provisions shall govern.

9-35.1 Stop/Slow Paddles

Paddles shall conform to the requirements of the MUTCD, except that the minimum width shall be 24 inches.

9-35.2 Construction Signs

Construction signs shall conform to the requirements of the MUTCD and shall meet the requirements of NCHRP Report 350 for Category 2 devices or MASH. Except as noted below, any sign/sign stand combination that satisfies these requirements will be acceptable. Post mounted Class A construction signs shall conform to the requirements of this section and additionally shall conform to the requirements stated in Section 9-28 . Aluminum sheeting shall be used to fabricate all construction signs. The signs shall have a minimum thickness of 0.080 inches and a maximum thickness of 0.125 inches. All orange background signs shall be fabricated with fluorescent orange Type VIII, IX or XI reflective sheeting in accordance with Section 9-28.12 . All post-mounted orange signs shall use a nylon washer between the twist fasteners (screw heads, bolts or nuts) and the reflective sheeting. The use of plywood, fiberglass reinforced plastic, fabric rollup signs, and any other previously approved sign materials except aluminum or aluminum composite is prohibited. All Class A and Class B signs shall utilize materials and be fabricated in accordance with Section 9-28 and the Washington State Sign Fabrication Manual M 55-05. A fabrication decal as stated in Section 9-28.1 is not required for construction signs. All regulatory signs having a red background (i.e., Stop, Yield) shall be fabricated with Type III or IV sign sheeting. All other regulatory information signs (i.e., Speed Limit, Traffic Fines Double in Work Zones) shall have Type IV sheeting. Page 9-232 M 41-10

9-35 Temporary Traffic Control Materials9-35.3 Work Zone Sign Posts

Post sizes for construction signs shall be as follows: One Post Installation Post Size Max. Sign Sq. Ft. Wood 4x4 16.0 Wood 4x6 20.0 Wood 6x6 25.0 Wood 6x8 36.0 Steel 2" (ST-1, ST-3) 12.0 Steel 21/4" (ST-1, ST-2, ST-3) 17.0 Steel 21/2" 12-gage perforated square tube (ST-1, ST-3) 21.0 Steel 21/2" with 21/4" 7' Insert 12-gage perforated steel (ST-2) 38.0 Two Post Installation (For signs 5 feet or greater in width) Post Size Max. Sign Sq. Ft. 4x4 36.0 4x6 40.0 6x6 50.0 6x8 75.0* Two Post Installation (For signs 5 feet or greater in width) Post Size Max. Sign Sq. Ft . **Steel 21/4" 12-gage perforated square tube 34.0 **Steel 21/2" 12-gage perforated square tube 42.0 **Steel 21/2" with 21/4" 7' Insert 12-gage perforated steel 77.0 *The Engineer shall determine post size for signs greater than 75 square feet. Wood sign posts shall conform to the grades and usage listed below. Grades shall be determined by the current standards of the West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau (WCLIB) or the Western Wood Products Association (WWPA). 4 × 4 Construction grade (Light Framing, Section 122-b WCLIB) or (Section 40.11 WWPA) 4 × 6 No. 1 and better, grade (Structural Joists and Planks, Section 123-b WCLIB) or (Section 62.11 WWPA) 6 × 6, 6 × 8, 8 × 10 No. 1 and better, grade (Posts and Timbers, Section 131-b WCLIB) or (Section 80.11 WWPA) 6 × 10, 6 × 12 No. 1 and better, grade (Beams and Stringers, Section 130-b WCLIB) or (Section 70.11 WWPA) Steel sign posts shall conform to the Standard Plans and Section 9-06 and 9-28. Two post installations require slip bases per Standard Plan G-24.40. See Standard Plan G-24.50 for single post sign support (ST-1, ST-2, ST-3) details. M 41-10 Page 9-233 Temporary Traffic Control Materials 9-359-35.4 Sequential Arrow Signs Sequential Arrow Signs shall meet the requirements of the Arrow Boards in accordance with the MUTCD and supplemented with the following: Sequential arrow signs furnished for stationary lane closures on Freeways and multi-lane roadways 45 mph and higher shall be Type C. Sequential arrow signs for mobile operations and for multi-lane roadways 40 mph or less may be Type B. The color of the light emitted shall be yellow. The dimming feature shall be automatic, reacting to changes in light without a requirement for manual adjustment.

9-35.5 Portable Changeable Message Signs

A PCMS will be a full-sized PCMS, mPCMS, or truck-mounted PCMS and shall meet the following requirements:

9-35.6 Barricades

Barricades shall conform to the requirements of the MUTCD. The alternating orange and white retroreflective bands shall be fabricated from IV (High Intensity) or a higher type sheeting as described in Section 9-28.12 . Page 9-234 M 41-10

9-35 Temporary Traffic Control Materials9-35.7 Traffic Safety Drums

Traffic safety drums shall conform to the requirements of the MUTCD and shall have the following additional physical characteristics: Material Fabricated from low-density polyethylene that meets the requirements of ASTM D4976 and is UV stabilized. Overall Width 18-inch minimum regardless of orientation. Shape Rectangular, hexagonal, circular, or flat-sided semi-circular. Color The base color of the drum shall be fade resistant safety orange. Base A separate ballast shall be used to resist overturning or other movement from wind gusts or other external forces. If a warning light is attached to a traffic safety drum, the method of attachment shall ensure that the light does not separate from the drum upon impact. The drum and light units shall meet the crashworthiness requirements of NCHRP 350 or MASH in accordance with the manufacturer as described in Section 1-10.2(3) . Beginning on January 1, 2027 warning lights shall no longer be used on drums. Until December 31, 2026 traffic safety drums may have 4-inch or 6-inch retroreflective bands fabricated from Type III or Type IV or higher sheeting type as described in Section 9-28.12 . Beginning January 1, 2027 traffic safety drums shall have 6-inch retroreflective bands. A minimum of 4 retroreflective horizontal bands, alternating fluorescent orange and white starting with the top stripe being fluorescent orange, shall be used. Retroreflective bands shall be fabricated from Type VIII, IX, or XI (Super/Very High Intensity) reflective sheeting as described in Section 9-28.12 . Drums of different retroreflective band types shall not be intermixed within the same closure (place all the High Intensity drums together, then switch to the Super/Very High Intensity drums for the remainder of the closure, or vice versa). When recommended by the manufacturer, drums shall be treated to ensure proper adhesion of the reflective sheeting.

9-35.8 Vacant

9-35.9 Traffic Cones

Cones shall conform to the requirements of the MUTCD, except that the minimum height shall be 28 inches or 36 inches, as specified in the traffic control plan. White retroreflective bands shall be fabricated from Type IV (High Intensity) or a higher reflective sheeting as described in Section 9-28.12 .

9-35.10 Tubular Markers

Tubular markers shall conform to the requirements of the MUTCD, except that the minimum height shall be 28 inches or 42 inches, as specified in the traffic control plan. For portable tubular makers, the base color shall be fade resistant safety orange with white retroreflective sheeting. A separate ballast shall be used to resist overturning or other movement from wind gusts or other external forces. When pavement-mounted tubular markers are specified, they shall be stabilized by affixing them to the pavement using an adhesive. Adhesive used to glue the device to the pavement shall meet the requirements of Sections 9-02.1(8) or 9-26.2 . Pavement- mounted tubular makers base color and retroreflective sheeting shall match the color of the adjacent pavement marking, either white or yellow. White retroreflective bands shall be fabricated from Type IV (High Intensity) or a higher reflective sheeting as described in Section 9-28.12 . When recommended by the manufacturer, tubular markers shall be treated to ensure proper adhesion of the reflective sheeting. M 41-10 Page 9-235 Temporary Traffic Control Materials 9-359-35.11 Warning Lights and Flashers Warning lights and flashers shall conform to the requirements of the MUTCD.

9-35.12 Transportable Attenuator

Transportable attenuators are Truck-Mounted Attenuators (TMA) or Trailer-Mounted Attenuators (TMA-trailer). The transportable attenuator shall be mounted on, or attached to, a host vehicle that complies with the manufacturer’s recommended weight range. Ballast used to obtain the minimum weight requirement, or any other object that is placed on the vehicle, shall be securely anchored such that it will be retained on the vehicle during an impact. The Contractor shall provide certification that the transportable attenuator complies with NCHRP 350 Test level 3 or MASH Test Level 3 requirements. Lighter host vehicles proposed by the Contractor are subject to the approval of the Engineer. The Contractor shall provide the Engineer with roll-ahead distance calculations and crash test reports illustrating that the proposed host vehicle is appropriate for the attenuator and the site conditions. The transportable attenuator shall have a chevron pattern on the rear of the unit. The pattern shall consist of 4-inch to 8-inch alternating nonreflective black and retroreflective yellow or alternating retroreflective red and white sheeting, slanted at 45 degrees in an inverted “V” with the “V” at the center of the unit.

9-35.12(1) Truck-Mounted Attenuator

The TMA may be selected from the approved units listed on the QPL or submitted using a RAM. The TMA shall have an adjustable height so that it can be placed at the correct elevation during usage and to a safe height for transporting. If needed, the Contractor shall install additional lights to provide fully visible brake lights at all times.

9-35.12(2) Trailer-Mounted Attenuator

The TMA-trailer may be selected from the approved units listed on the QPL or submitted using a RAM. If needed, the Contractor shall install additional lights to provide fully visible brake lights at all times.

9-35.12(3 ) Submittal Requirements

For transportable attenuators listed on the QPL, the Contractor shall submit the QPL printed page or a QPL Acceptance Code entered on the RAM (WSDOT Form 350-071) for the product proposed for use to the Engineer for approval. The Contractor shall submit a RAM for transportable attenuators not listed on the QPL.

9-35.13 42-Inch Tall Channelizing Devices

42-inch tall channelization devices shall have the following physical characteristics: Material Fabricated from low-density polyethylene that meets the requirements of ASTM D4976 and is UV stabilized. Overall Height 42-inch minimum regardless of orientation Overall Width 4-inch minimum at the top tapered to 8-inch minimum at the bottom regardless of orientation. Shape Rectangular, hexagonal, circular, or flat-sided semi-circular. Color The base color of the device shall be fade resistant safety orange. Base A separate ballast shall be used to resist overturning or other movement from wind gusts or other external forces. Page 9-236 M 41-10

9-35 Temporary Traffic Control MaterialsIf a warning light is attached to a 42-inch tall channelization device, the method of

attachment shall ensure that the light does not separate from the channelization device upon impact. The channelization device and light units shall meet the crashworthiness requirements of NCHRP 350 or MASH per the manufacturer as described in Section 1-10.2(3) . Beginning on January 1, 2027 warning lights shall no longer be used on 42-inch tall channelization devices. Until December 31, 2026 42-inch tall channelization devices may have 4-inch or 6-inch retroreflective bands fabricated from Type III or Type IV or higher sheeting type as described in Section 9-28.12 . Beginning January 1, 2027 42-inch tall channelization devices shall have 6-inch retroreflective bands. A minimum of 4 retroreflective horizontal bands, alternating fluorescent orange and white starting with the top stripe being fluorescent orange, shall be used. Retroreflective bands shall be fabricated from Type VIII, IX or XI (Super/ Very High Intensity) reflective sheeting as described in Section 9-28.12 . 42-inch tall channelization devices of different retroreflective band types shall not be intermixed within the same closure (place all the High Intensity drums together, then switch to the Super/Very High Intensity drums for the remainder of the closure, or vice versa). When recommended by the manufacturer, 42-inch tall channelization devices shall be treated to ensure proper adhesion of the reflective sheeting.

9-35.14 Portable Temporary Traffic Control Signal

Portable temporary traffic control signals systems (PTSS) shall meet the requirements of the MUTCD and these specifications. The PTSS shall be fully operational for traffic actuated, pre-timed, or manual control. The PTSS shall support the number of signal phases necessary to control traffic through the applicable Work area. Controllers shall be capable of controlling all displays required for each PTSS system. Controllers shall demonstrate conflict-monitoring capability, consistent with the requirements of Section 9-29.13(2) item number 5, with a flashing red display in all directions. The controller shall be capable of terminating the all red clearance for the preceding movement, such that the previous movements can be repeated. Signal head displays shall be either hard wired or controlled by radio signal. Manual operation will not require hardwiring or radio control except for the use of two-way radio communication by manufacturer trained qualified operators. The system shall be equipped with a means of informing the operator of signal indications, such as a light on the back of each signal head that illuminates when the signal displays a red indication, during manual operation. Each PTSS shall include vehicle detection and shall be capable of operating either as fixed time or traffic actuated. The detection system shall provide presence detection (continuous call to the controller) while there is a vehicle, including bicycles, in the detection zone. When specified in the Contract, each designated PTSS shall include a pushbutton for bicycles that will extend the all-red time to accommodate bicycle travel through the applicable work area. Each pushbutton shall be placed such that it is accessible to bicycle users and include signing with instructions for bicyclists. PTSS signal displays shall be trailer mounted. PTSS trailers with overhead signal displays shall provide two signal displays, with at least one display mounted overhead and the two displays at least 8 feet apart horizontally. The minimum vertical clearance to the traveled way for this signal display is 16.5 feet. Where there is no direct line of sight between stop line locations, each trailer shall include a digital timer display showing the time remaining to the next green indication; digits shall be a minimum of 6 inches in height. Ground mounted signal display trailers shall provide one signal display. Vertical height to the bottom of a single signal display shall be a minimum of 8 feet (10 feet preferable). M 41-10 Page 9-237 Temporary Traffic Control Materials 9-35Vehicular signal heads shall be of the conventional type with standard ITE approved, 12- inch ball LED display. Tunnel visors shall be provided for all indications. Back plates shall be furnished and attached to the signal heads. Back plates shall be constructed of 5-inch-wide .050-inch-thick corrosion resistant louvered aluminum, with a flat black finish. A highly retroreflective yellow strip, 1 inch wide, shall be placed around the perimeter of the face of all vehicle signal backplates to project a rectangular image at night toward oncoming traffic. Trailers shall have a leveling jack installed at all four corners. The crank for the leveling jacks and trailer hitch shall be locked. The signal pole and mast arm assemblies shall be of the collapsible type, which can be erected and extended at the job site. The mast arm assemblies shall be firmly attached to the trailer to form a stable unit, which can withstand an 80 mph design wind speed with a 1.3 gust factor. The portable temporary traffic control signal shall be powered using a self-contained battery system capable of providing over 12 days of continuous operations without solar array assistance. A solar panel array will be allowed.

9-35.15 Temporary Pedestrian Curb Ramps

Temporary pedestrian curb ramps shall be constructed as shown in the traffic control plans or be pre-manufactured devices meeting the requirements of the ADA Accessibility Standards, see Chapter 4: Ramps and Curb Ramps at www.access-board.gov .

9-35.16 Pedestrian Channelizing Devices

When exposed to vehicular traffic, pedestrian channelizing devices shall meet the crashworthiness requirements of NCHRP 350 or MASH as described in Section 1-10.2(3) . The bottom and top surfaces of the pedestrian channelizing device shall have 6-inch retroreflective bands matching the body color of the device fabricated from IV (High Intensity) or a higher type reflective sheeting as described in Section 9-28.12 .