9-13Riprap, Quarry Spalls, Slope Protection, and Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection and Rock Walls

9-13 Riprap, Quarry Spalls, Slope Protection, and Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection and Rock Walls9-13 Riprap, Quarry Spalls, Slope Protection, and Rock for Erosion and Scour Pro -

tection and Rock Walls

9-13.1 Riprap and Quarry Spalls

9-13.1(1) General

Riprap and quarry spalls shall consist of broken stone or broken concrete rubble and shall be free of rock fines, soil, or other extraneous material. Concrete rubble shall not be contaminated by foreign materials such as fibers, wood, steel, asphalt, sealant, soil, plastic and other contaminants or deleterious material. Concrete rubble that is imported to the job site will require testing and certification for toxicity characteristics per Section 9-03.21(1) . The grading of the riprap shall be determined by the Engineer by visual inspection of the load before it is dumped into place, or, if so ordered by the Engineer, by dumping individual loads on a flat surface and sorting and measuring the individual rocks contained in the load. Should the riprap contain insufficient spalls, as defined in Section 9-13.1(5) , the Contractor shall furnish and place supplementary spall material. Riprap and quarry spalls shall be free from segregation, seams, cracks, and other defects tending to destroy its resistance to weather and shall meet the following test requirements: Aggregate Property Test method Requirement Degradation Factor WSDOT Test Method T 113 15 minimum Los Angeles Wear, 500 Rev. AASHTO T 96 50% maximum Specific Gravity, SSD AASHTO T 85 2.55 minimum

9-13.1(2) Heavy Loose Riprap

Heavy loose riprap shall meet the following requirements for grading: Minimum Size Maximum Size 30% to 90% 1 ton (½ cu. yd.) N/A 60% to 90% 300 lbs. (2 cu. ft.) 1 ton ( 1/2 cu. yd.) 10% to 30% 3 inch 50 lbs. (spalls)

9-13.1(3) Light Loose Riprap

Light loose riprap shall meet the following requirements for grading: Size Range Maximum Size 20% to 90% 300 lbs. to 1 ton (2 cu. ft. to ½ cu. yd.)N/A 15% to 80% 50 lbs. to 1 ton (⅓ cu. ft. to ½ cu. yd.)300 lbs. to 1 ton (2 cu. ft. to 1/2 cu. yd.) 10% to 20% 3 inch 50 lbs. (spalls) M 41-10 Page 9-83 Riprap, Quarry Spalls, Slope Protection, and Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection and Rock Walls 9-139-13.1(4) Hand Placed Riprap Hand placed riprap shall be as nearly rectangular as possible, 60 percent shall have a volume of not less than 1 cubic foot. No stone shall be used that is less than 6 inches thick, nor which does not extend through the wall.

9-13.1(5) Quarry Spalls

Quarry spalls shall meet the following requirements for grading: Sieve Size Percent Passing 8″ 100 3″ 40 max. ¾″ 10 max.

9-13.2 Vacant

9-13.3 Vacant

9-13.4 Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection

Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection shall be hard, sound, and durable material, free from seams, cracks, and other defects that tend to destroy its resistance to weather, and it shall consist of broken and/or processed rock. Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection shall meet the quality requirements in Section 9-13 and the grading requirements in Section

9-13.4(2) The use of recycled materials and concrete rubble is not permitted for this

application.

9-13.4(1) Suitable Shape of Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection

The Suitable Shape of these rocks shall be “Angular” (having sharply defined edges) to “Subangular” (having a shape in between Rounded and Angular) for a higher degree of interlocking to provide stability to the protected area. The use of round, thin, flat, or long and needle-like shapes is not allowed. Suitable Shape can be determined by the ratio of the Length/Thickness, where the Length is the longest axis, Width is the second longest axis, and Thickness is the shortest. The Suitable Shape shall be the maximum of 3.0 using the following calculation: = ≤ 3.0 Suitable Shape Page 9-84 M 41-10

9-13 Riprap, Quarry Spalls, Slope Protection, and Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection and Rock Walls9-13.4(2) Grading Requirements of Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection

Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection will be classified as Class A, Class B, and Class C, and it shall have a “Well-Graded” structure that meets the requirements for Suitable Shape and conforms to one or more of the following gradings as shown in the Plans. Class A Class C Approximate Size (in.)1Percent Passing (Smaller) Approximate Size (in.)1Percent Passing (Smaller) 18 100 42 100 16 80-95 36 80-95 12 50-80 28 50-80 8 15-50 22 15-50 4 15 max. 14 15 max. Class B Approximate Size (in.)1Percent Passing (Smaller) 30 100 28 80-95 22 50-80 16 15-50 10 15 max. 1Approximate Size can be determined by taking the average dimension of the three axes of the rock, Length, Width, and Thickness, by use of the following calculation: Length + Width + Thickness 3 = Approximate Size Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection shall be visually accepted by the Engineer. The Engineer shall determine the Suitable Shape, Approximate Size, and Grading of the load before it is placed. If so ordered by the Engineer, the loads shall be dumped on a flat surface for sorting and measuring the individual rocks contained in the load.

9-13.5 Concrete Slope Protection

Concrete slope protection shall consist of reinforced portland cement or blended hydraulic cement concrete poured or pneumatically placed upon the slope with a rustication joint pattern or semi-open concrete masonry units placed upon the slope closely adjoining each other.

9-13.5(1) Semi-Open Concrete Masonry Units Slope Protection

Precast cement concrete blocks shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C1319.

9-13.5(2) Poured Portland Cement or Blended Hydraulic Cement Concrete

Slope Protection Cement concrete for poured concrete slope protection shall be commercial concrete in conformance with Section 6-02.3(2)B . M 41-10 Page 9-85 Riprap, Quarry Spalls, Slope Protection, and Rock for Erosion and Scour Protection and Rock Walls 9-139-13.5(3) Pneumatically Placed Portland Cement or Blended Hydraulic Cement Concrete Slope Protection Cement – This material shall be portland cement or blended hydraulic cement as specified in Section 9-01 . Aggregate – This material shall meet the requirements for fine aggregate as specified in Section 9-03.1 . The moisture content of the fine aggregate at the time of use shall be between 3 and 6 percent by weight. Reinforcement – Wire mesh reinforcement shall conform to the provisions of Section 9-07.7 . Water – Water shall conform to the provisions of Section 9-25.1 .

9-13.6 Vacant

9-13.7 Rock for Rock Wall

9-13.7(1) Rock for Rock Walls and Chinking Material

Rock for rock walls and chinking material shall be hard, sound and durable material, free from seams, cracks, and other defects tending to destroy its resistance to weather, and shall meet the following test requirements: Test Test Method Requirements Specific Gravity, SSD AASHTO T 85 2.55 min. LA Wear AASHTO T 96 50% max. Degradation WSDOT T 113 15 min. Absorption AASHTO T 85 3% max. Rock for rock wall sizes are approximately as follows: Rock Size Rock Weight (lbs) Average Dimension (in.) Type One 50 to 200 12 to 18 Type Two 200 to 700 18 to 28 Type Three 700 to 2,000 28 to 36 Type Four 2,000 to 4,000 36 to 48 Type Five 4,000 to 6,000 48 to 54 Type Six 6,000 to 8,000 54 to 60 Chinking material shall be a minimum of 4 inches average dimension.

9-13.7(2) Backfill for Rock Wall

Backfill for rock walls shall be shot rock ranging in size from a minimum of 2 inches to a maximum of 6 inches. Acceptance shall be based on visual inspection by the Engineer.