657.3 -FABRICATION : 657.3.1 -General: Fabrication of all parts of supports shall be in accordance with dimensions shown on the Plans and Standard Drawings. Work shall be done in a uniform workmanlike manner.
657.3.2 -Shop Drawings: The Contractor shall submit Shop Drawings showing all dimensions, quantities, and fabrication details for all supports and brackets for the Engineer’s approval. All associated accessories and hardware to be supplied with the supports and brackets shall b e included, including details and specifications for retrofit anchors as described in Section 657.2.17. Eight copies of the Shop Drawings shall be submitted. Multiple submissions will be permitted. However, all Shop Drawings for Steel Beam Supports shal l be submitted in one submission; all Shop Drawings for Pipe Post Supports shall be submitted in one submission; and all Shop Drawings for Parapet, Retaining Wall, and Barrier Brackets shall be submitted in one submission.
657.3.3 -Structural Bolt Tighte ning: When fully tightening structural connection bolts as part of the shop fabrication process, only un -weathered hardware components in new condition shall be used. All nuts shall be pre -coated with a lubricant as specified herein. After pre - assembly of the connections, the bolts shall be brought to a “snug tight” condition. Prior to snug tightening the nuts, if the threads of the bolts have not been lubricated, were last lubricated more than twenty -four hours prior, or have gotten wet since they were last lubricated, lubricant shall be applied to the bolt threads. Beeswax or toilet ring wax may be used. The assembler may turn the nuts while holding the heads of the bolts or vice versa. If the heads of the bolts are turned, the assembler shall apply lubricant to the face of the washer that the bottom of the bolt head is to be tightened against. The bolts shall be snug tightened in a star pattern. “Snug Tight” condition is defined by the Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC) as “the ti ghtness that is attained with a few impacts of an impact wrench or the full effort of an ironworker using an ordinary spud wrench to bring the plies into firm contact”. After the snug tightening process, no less than seventy -five percent (75%) of the su rface areas of the faces being connected should be in visible contact. The assembler shall take care during the snug tightening process to ensure that components being assembled remain properly aligned, loosening the connection and repeating the snug tigh tening process if necessary. After the snug tightening process has been completed, each nut or bolt head shall be fully tightened by the turn -of-the-nut method. This shall require further tightening each fastener one-third (⅓) of a turn, which shall be equivalent to two flats of a typical nut or bolt head with five flats. This shall be verifiable by first marking the nut or bolt head on one of the flats and placing a corresponding mark on the component two flats away. The fasteners shall be fully tightened in a star pattern and incrementally by fully tightening each over at least two cycles.
657.3.4 -Welding: The welding of steel shall be in accordance with the requirements of American Welding Society Specification D1.1 and shall be done by qualified welders.
595 657.4 -ERECTION : 657.4.1 -General: All sign supports shall be installed at the points designated on the Plans or by the Engineer in accordance with these specifications, the Plans, and app roved shop drawings and shall be erected in reasonably close conformity to the locations, elevations, and angles shown on the Plans or established by the Engineer. The Contractor shall take full responsibility for checking all cross sections at approved sign locations to determine final support lengths. Lateral placement of sign assemblies and necessary support lengths shall be determined in accordance with the offset and mounting height requirements shown in the Plans or Standard Details TP3 -1A through TP3-1C. Before proceeding further, the Contractor shall initially establish the location of each sign in accordance with the Plans or as directed by the Engineer and shall mark each site with construction stakes. The Contractor shall furnish stakes, pai nt, other materials, and labor for performing the locating and staking as described. When the sites have been staked and are ready for inspection, the Contractor shall inform the Engineer, who will check and approve the site or make necessary changes. Ce nterline station information will be furnished to the Contractor by the Engineer. All existing or proposed assembly locations are approximate. In cases where an existing assembly, including supports, is to be removed and replaced with a new assembly, th e new assembly shall be located as close as possible to the original and within ten (10) feet unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. In cases where existing roadside sign supports are to remain in place with new signs to be installed, the Contractor shall plumb the supports as necessary, and shall clear any existing breakaway connection of any obstructions. Costs associated with this work shall be in incidental to the Contract bid items. The Contractor shall take into consideration the Sign Orientation Requirements shown on Standard Detail TP3 -1B when determining the final proposed location for each assembly support. Unique orientation requirements for chevron and R4 -7 signs are shown on Standard Details TP3 -2 and TE11 -3C, respectively.
657.4.2 -Excavation: The Contractor shall perform excavations for each support requiring a concrete foundation to the depths and dimensions shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer to obtain a suitable foundation. Excavation may be accomplished manually or by mechanical means. The Contractor is advised that the grading specifications permit the construction of embankment of rock fill to at least twelve ( 12) inches below the bottom of the subbase. If solid rock or large boulders are encountered in excav ation, it shall be removed, to the satisfaction of the Engineer, to a sufficient depth in order to obtain the stability which would have been obtained had the excavation been made in earth to the depth required by the Plans or Standard Details. The Con tractor shall remove all excavated material from the site that is not needed for backfill or, if permitted by the Engineer, shall spread this material out in the area immediately surrounding the foundation location to the satisfaction of the Engineer. The Contractor shall restore all disturbed areas to within reasonable conformity of their original conditions by grading, seeding, mulching, and/or fertilizing as directed by the Engineer. No separate payment will be made for these operations or required mat erials. The Standard Detail drawings are compiled on the basis of average soil conditions. Soil conditions surrounding specific foundations may warrant lesser foundations or may require larger foundations. In these cases, the Contractor may adjust the size of specific foundations
596 with the written approval of the Engineer. The Engineer may direct the Contractor to adjust the foundation dimensions if determined to be necessary. Any work in such cases shall be performed without change in the unit bid price. If the sides of the excavation are determined by the Engineer to be unstable, forms shall be used to support the sides of the excavation. The forms shall be placed in such a manner as not to disturb the adjacent soil. If the Contractor elects to remove the form, the removal shall be done immediately after the concrete is placed so that the flowing concrete may fill the space occupied by the form. Otherwise, the form shall become a permanent part of the installation. In the latter case all portio ns of the form above ground level shall be removed after the concrete has cured. The Engineer will make the final determination as to when forms are necessary. This form work shall be performed at the expense of the Contractor and no compensation will be allowed therefor. If a support foundation is to be installed within the area of an existing concrete or asphalt surface and requires a concrete foundation, the concrete or asphalt shall be carefully opened by drilling, saw cutting, or other suitable met hods approved by the Engineer that will not cause unnecessary damage to the surrounding surface. The Contractor shall be responsible for removal and proper disposal of all excavated materials. The Contractor shall contact WV 811 and shall notify all app licable non -WV 811 participating utilities prior to beginning excavation, support driving, or conduit jacking activities. The Contractor shall hand dig to locate lines or open cut in areas of possible conflict, as determined by the Engineer. The Contract or shall also be responsible for locating and verifying Division owned underground conduit to avoid conflict or damage. All such work shall be incidental to the Contract bid items. All costs associated with any disruption of services as a result of the C ontractor’s activities shall be the Contractor’s sole responsibility.
657.4.3 -Foundation Placement: All concrete for each foundation shall be placed in one placement with no cold joints. All concrete footings shall be flush with the uphill side of the ground line, with the edges of the foundation being level. The top of concrete for each foundation shall be finished neatly and smooth, including the outside edges. The edges of foundations placed within areas of existing concrete or asphalt surfaces sh all be finished neatly and smoothly to match with the edges of the area of asphalt or concrete surface which was removed. The concrete shall be finished such that it slopes slightly down and away from the stub or the bolt circle of the anchor bolts for dr ainage purposes. The Contractor shall take care in order to install all anchor bolts and stub supports as level as possible and with the proper embedment. Specific details pertaining to support foundations are contained in the Standard Details or shall b e shown in the project Plans. If the foundation is being placed on a slope that is 4:1 or greater and it is not possible to build up the downhill side of the ground slope as shown in the Standard Details to allow the edges of the top of the foundation to b e placed level, the Contractor shall utilize a suitable concrete form which allows the round cross -sectional shape of the foundation to be maintained above ground level. The form shall also allow for the portion of the form above ground level to be remove d after the concrete has sufficiently cured. After the concrete has cured, the portions of the form above ground level shall be removed. No additional compensation shall be paid for the use of and removal of a form, if required.
597 657.4.4 -Backfilling: If any backfilling is required, excavations shall be backfilled with random material, approved by the Engineer, in horizontal layers not to exceed four ( 4)-inches after compaction. Each lift shall be compacted to the satisfaction of the Engineer. Testin g is not required. All surplus material shall be removed from the right -of-way and the backfill finished flush with surrounding natural ground, including replacement of any damaged facilities or appurtenances. The Contractor shall restore all areas dist urbed by this excavation or other operations within reasonable conformity to their original conditions including grading, seeding, mulching and/or fertilizing as directed by the Engineer. The cost of backfilling materials or operations shall be incidental to the Contract bid items.
657.4.5 -Support, Breakaway Device, and Bracket Installation: 657.4.5.1 -General: All supports requiring concrete foundations shall not be installed until the concrete has cured for a period of seven days unless otherwise app roved by the Engineer. All sign posts and their stubs or anchor bolts shall be set plumb so that the sign will be level and shall be set at the proper angle with the roadway as shown in the Standard Details. Protective coatings for any supports, brackets , or associated components damaged for any reason prior to or during installation shall be repaired. For galvanized surfaces, the repair shall be accomplished by the application of a zinc -rich paint conforming to Military Specification MIL -P 21035, applie d as recommended by the manufacturer including surface preparation, or as directed by the Engineer. Various Standard Details sheets referenced herein require the use of a “click” type torque wrench meeting the specifications herein. The wrench used shall be a “click” type manual torque wrench and shall meet either the requirements of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Specification 6789 or American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Specification B107.300. Prior to tightening any fa steners on the project which require the use of a wrench meeting this specification, the Contractor shall provide the Engineer with a copy of a calibration certificate for each wrench to be used on the project. The date of the calibration shall be one (1) year or less prior to the letting date of the Contract. The certificate provided shall be from a calibration lab that is ISO 17025 accredited, with the certificate indicating as such. Both the certificate and wrench shall display matching serial numbers .
657.4.5.2 -Soil Anchored U -Channel Supports: When installing soil anchored u - channel supports not requiring a foundation, the supports shall be driven either manually or by mechanical means to the required line and grade and shall be installed as plumb as possible. The Engineer may direct the Contractor to increase the required driving depth if determined to be necessary due to soil conditions. During driving, the support end shall be protected by a special driving cap if driven manually. If driven b y a mechanical device, an appropriate driving head shall be used that is designed not to damage the support. Any support bent or otherwise damaged and determined by the Engineer to be unfit for use in the finished work shall be removed from the site and r eplaced by the Contractor at their expense. Except in cases where a breakaway splice device is required per Standard Detail TE1-7B, soil anchored supports may be directly driven without a stub and splice connection, or the Contractor may use an approved b reakaway splice device at their option with no additional compensation.
598 Soil anchored supports shall be sufficiently plumb after installation. Otherwise, this shall be cause for rejection at the discretion of the Engineer requiring the Contractor to straighten or remove and reinstall the supports at the Contractor’s expense if directed.
657.4.5.3 -Back to Back U -Channel Supports: U-channel supports which are to be erected back -to-back shall be stitch bolted together in accordance with Standard Detail TE1-7B. All back to back supports shall require a concrete foundation as shown on Standard Detail TE1 -7B. Assemblies not requiring a breakaway device shall require the concrete to cure with the entire support installed. The Contractor shall be responsible for utilizing a method to hold the supports secure and plumb during the curing process. No additional compensation shall be paid for this. After installation and curing, the support shall be plumb within ten degrees of vertical in all directions. This shall equate to no more than 3/16 -inch horizontally out of level over one ( 1) foot of length. Otherwise, this shall be cause for rejection at the discretion of the Engineer requiring the Contractor to relocate and reinstall the foundation and support if directed. This shall include removing the foundation for the rejected support to a minimum of six (6) inches below ground level.
657.4.5.4 -Steel Beam and Types 1 -5 Pipe Post Supports: Steel Beam and Types
1-5Pipe Post Sup ports shall be plumbed in accordance with the Standard Details as needed
No more than ¼ -inch of shims in total thickness may be used for any one connection bolt of the support. The Contractor shall shim the assembly within the allowances described above to be as plumb as possible. All base connection bolts shall be tightened to within the torque ranges specified on the Standard Details using a wrench meeting the requirements of Section 657.4.5.1, unless an Omni -Directional Breakaway Device is specified and requires the base connection bolts to be eliminated. The procedure specified in Section 657.3.3 shall be used for field assembly of any hinge plate connections. Upon final installation, the support shall be plumb within ten degrees of vertical in all directions. This shall equate to no more than 3/16 -inch horizontally out of level over one ( 1) foot of length. Otherwise, this shall be cause for rejection at the discretion of the Engineer requiring the Contractor to relocate and reinstall the foundati on and support if directed. This shall include removing the foundation for the rejected support to a minimum of six (6) inches below ground level. In cases where the Contractor is required to replace the portion of a Steel Beam support above the hinge pl ate with the lower portion to remain in place, the length of the new upper support shall be the height required by the specified sign(s) plus an additional four ( 4) inches. All plates and hardware associated with the hinge plate connection shall be new. The hinge plate connection shall be field tightened as specified herein.
657.4.5.5 -Types 6 -9 Pipe Post Supports: Leveling of Types 6 -9 Pipe Post Supports installed on concrete foundations shall be accomplished using leveling nuts and washers on each anc hor bolt. One leveling nut with washer shall be installed on each anchor bolt to its approximate position. After setting the support in place, the support shall be adjusted as closely as possible to a plumb vertical position by adjusting the lower nuts. After leveling, the entire top face of all washers placed under the base plate shall be engaged with the base plate. The top anchor bolt nuts shall then be fully tightened in
599 accordance with the anchor bolt tightening procedures specified in Section 658. After fully tightening, the entire length of all top nuts shall be engaged on the anchor bolts. The procedure specified in Section 657.3.3 shall be used for field assembly of the support arms. After installation, the vertical portion of the support sha ll be plumb within ten degrees of vertical in all directions. This shall equate to no more than 3/16 -inch horizontally out of level over one ( 1) foot of length. Otherwise, this shall be cause for rejection at the discretion of the Engineer requiring the Contractor to relocate and reinstall the foundation and support if directed. This shall include removing the foundation for the rejected support to a minimum of six (6) inches below ground level.
657.4.5.6 -Omni -Directional Breakaway Devices: Omni -Direc tional Breakaway Devices for use with Steel Beam supports shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. A copy of the manufacturer’s installation specifications shall be provided to the Engineer prior to proceeding with installation. Any hardware components of the device for which the manufacturer specifies a particular torque requirement shall be tightened using a wrench meeting the requirements of Section 657.4.5.1.
657.4.5.7 -Back to Back U -Channel Breakaway Devices: Back t o Back U - Channel Breakaway Devices shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. A copy of the manufacturer’s installation specifications shall be provided to the Engineer prior to proceeding with installation. Any hardware com ponents of the device for which the manufacturer specifies a particular torque requirement shall be tightened using a wrench meeting the requirements of Section 657.4.5.1.
657.4.5.8 -Surface Mount Breakaway Devices: Surface Mount Breakaway Devices shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. A copy of the manufacturer’s installation specifications shall be provided to the Engineer prior to proceeding with installation. The anchoring system used shall be that which is supplied by the manufacturer. The underside of the base of the device shall be shimmed if necessary in order for the support to be as plumb as possible in all directions after installation. Material used for shimming shall be materials approved by the Engineers uch as brass shims or galvanized steel. Any hardware components of the device for which the manufacturer specifies a particular torque requirement shall be tightened using a wrench meeting the requirements of Section 657.4.5.1. Upon final installation, t he support shall be plumb within ten degrees of vertical in all directions. This shall equate to no more than 3/16 -inch horizontally out of level over one ( 1) foot of length. Otherwise, this shall be cause for rejection at the discretion of the Engineer requiring the Contractor to add additional shims at the Contractor’s expense if directed.
657.4.5.9 -Bridge, Retaining Wall, and Barrier Wall Brackets: This specification shall include Types K and L Bridge or Retaining Wall Sign Mounting Brackets and Types A, B, C, and D Barrier Wall Sign Support Brackets. The anchorage for Type L Bridge or Retaining Wall Sign Mounting Brackets shall be cast -in-place or retrofitted, as specified in the Plans. Details for cast -in-place anchors are shown in the Standard D etails. The anchorage for all Barrier Wall Sign Support Brackets specified
600 above and Type K Bridge or Retaining Wall Sign Mounting Brackets shall be retrofitted. Anchors to be retrofitted into newly placed concrete shall not be installed without approval of the Engineer. The Contractor shall obtain approval from the Engineer before installing brackets on cast -in-place anchors. The Contractor shall insure that anchor chemical adhesive used for retrofit installations has sufficiently cured before placing the brackets. Mechanical or chemical adhesive type anchors for retrofit applications shall be installed strictly in accordance with the instructions provided by the bracket manufacturer or fabricator. This shall include recommended procedures for cleanin g the drilled holes and recommended ambient air and mounting surface conditions in the case of chemical adhesive systems. Once the bracket is placed into the position on the anchors, the anchors shall be tightened. Cast -in-place anchors for Type L Bridge or Retaining Wall Sign Mounting Brackets shall be tightened in accordance with the anchor bolt tightening procedures specified in Section 658, except the amount of nut tightening rotation shall be one -half the amount specified. Retrofit anchors for all bracket types shall be tightened in accordance with the instructions provided by the manufacturer or fabricator. After the bracket anchors are tightened, supports to be attached to the brackets may be installed in accordance with the Standard Details and the specifications herein. Note, the bracket to pipe post connection bolts for Type L Bridge or Retaining Wall Sign Mounting Brackets shall be fully tightened in accordance with the procedure specified in Vertical support installati on hardware for Types A and B Barrier Wall Sign Support Brackets shall be that which is supplied by the bracket manufacturer and shall be installed in accordance with the instructions provided by the bracket manufacturer. Any hardware components for which a particular torque requirement is specified shall be tightened using a wrench meeting the requirements of Section 657.4.5.1. Hardware used to connect the vertical supports of Type C Barrier Wall Sign Support Bracket shall be as specified in Section 657. 2.9. The fasteners shall be tightened in accordance with the Standard Detail. Note, it is required to install spacers between the u-channel welded to the bracket base plate and the support. Spacers shall be additional nuts and/or washers. The Contracto r shall be responsible for determining the necessary quantity of additional nuts and/or washers such that when the fasteners are tightened, the support nested inside of the welded stub comes into firm contact with the angled web portions of the welded stub but does not cause undue stress on the angled webs. No additional compensation shall be paid to the Contractor for the additional nut and/or washer spacers.
657.4.6 -Support or Bracket Removal: Removal of roadside sign supports shall include removing the support and foundation to a minimum of six (6) inches below ground level and restoring the ground surface to its’ original condition. This shall include grading, seeding, mulching, and/or fert ilizing as determined to be necessary by the Engineer. Removal of parapet, retaining wall, and barrier brackets shall include removing the bracket and supports attached to it. Mounting anchors shall be cut off flush with the concrete. The cost of this item shall also include the removal of attachments to the supports as required by the Plans or otherwise directed by the Engineer. In cases where the Contractor is required to remove signs or other attachments from roadside sign supports or any other structure that is to remain in place, the cost of this shall be incidental to the Contract bid items.
601 This shall include removing signs, vertical supports, sign lighting and arms, and associated hardware from overhead sign structures which are to remain in p lace.
657.5 -METHOD OF MEASUREMENT : 657.5.1 -Class B Concrete Footing, Plain: The quantity of work done for Class B Concrete Footing, Plain will be measured in cubic yards, complete in place and accepted, as determined by the dimensions on the Plans or Contract documents, subject to adjustment as provided for in subsections 104.2 and 109.2. Payment will be made at the contract unit price per cubic yard for “Class B Concrete Footing Plain ”. Such price will be full compensation for furnishing all labor, materials, and equipment necessary to construct all footings, including staking out footings and stakes for this purpose; excavation for footings regardless of the type of material encountered; con structing and removing forms when required; furnishing, placing, finishing, and curing the concrete; and all other incidentals necessary to complete the work.
657.5.2 -Class B Concrete Footing, Reinforced, Roadside: The quantity of work done for Class B Concrete Footing, Reinforced, Roadside will be measured in cubic yards, complete in place and accepted, as determined by the dimensions on the Plans or Contract documents, subject to adjustment as provided for in subsection 104.2 and 109.2. Payment will be made at the concrete unit price per cubic yard for “Class B Concrete Footing, Reinforced, Roadside ”. Such price will be full compensation for furnishing all labor, materials, and equipment necessary to construct all footings, including staking out foo tings and stakes for this purpose; excavation for footings regardless of the type of material encountered; constructing and removing forms; furnishing and installing reinforcing steel, anchor bolts, washers and nuts; furnishing and installing electrical gr ounding and conduit sleeves when required; furnishing, placing, finishing, and curing the concrete; furnishing and placing grout as required by the Plans; and all other incidentals necessary to complete the work.
657.5.3 -Channel Posts: Measurement for payment of “Channel Posts ” will be based on the linear feet of steel channel post of each size necessary to complete the work. The length will be the Plan quantity unless otherwise directed by the Engineer. In cases where a Square Tube Post is used in l ieu of a Channel Post specified in the Plans, as required or allowed for by the Standard Details, measurement of the support shall be the same as specified above and payment will be made using the Plan specified Channel Post bid item at the Contract unit p rice. In cases where a Breakaway Splice Device is used, the footage within the length of the splice shall not be counted twice in determining the footage to be paid. All material and installation labor costs associated with the Breakaway Splice Devices hall be incidental to the Contract bid items. Payment will be made at the Contract unit price per linear foot for each size of post required by the Plans. For back to back installations the price per linear foot shall include the material and installation labor costs for the stitch hardware. Such price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and erecting the posts, and all labor, equipment, tools, materials, and incidentals necessary to complete the work.
657.5.4 -Square TubeS upports: Measurement for payment of “Square Tube Supports ” will be based on the linear feet of square tube support of each size necessary to complete the work. The length shall be the Plan quantity unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
602 Payment will be made at the Contract unit price per linear foot for ea ch size of support required by the Plans. Such price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and erecting the supports, and all labor, equipment, tools, materials, and incidentals necessary to complete the work.
657.5.5 -Steel Beam Supports: Measurement for payment of “Steel Beam Supports ” will be based on the number of linear feet of supports for each size necessary to complete the work. The supports shall be measured from the bottom of the base plate, and along the centerline of the web , to the top of the support. The quantity to be paid for shall include the supports, hinge plate connections including hardware, and the base plate connection including hardware except as noted herein. The length shall be the Plan quantity unless otherwise directed by the Engineer. Lengths will be computed to the nearest ½ -foot for each installation and the nearest one ( 1) foot for the total length. In cases where an Omni -Directional Breakaway Device is specified to be used with the assembly, all mater ial and labor costs associated with the device shall be paid for under the provided Omni -Directional Breakaway Device bid item. Payment will be made at the contract unit price per linear foot of support for each size and shall be full compensation for fu rnishing and erecting all supports and materials, tools, labor, and equipment necessary to complete the work.
657.5.6 -Pipe Post Supports: Measurement for payment of “Pipe Post Supports ” will be based on the actual number of pipe posts necessary to comp lete the work. This quantity shall be the Plan quantity unless otherwise directed by the Engineer. The quantity to be paid for shall include the supports, arm connections including hardware, and the base plate connection including hardware. In cases wh ere a pipe post support is to be installed using a Type L Bridge or Retaining Wall Sign Mounting Bracket, all material and labor costs associated with the bracket shall be paid for under the provided Bridge or Retaining Wall Bracket bid item. Payment wil l be made at the contract unit price per support and shall be full compensation for furnishing and erecting all supports and materials, tools, labor, and equipment necessary to complete the work.
657.5.7 -Omni -Directional Breakaway Devices: Measurement for payment of “Omni - Directional Breakaway Devices ” will be based on the actual number of devices necessary to complete the work. This shall equate to the total number of individual supports requiring the installation of an Omni -Directional Breakaway Device. The total cost of each device shall include all components of the device including hardware. The number of units paid for shall be the Plan quantity unless otherwise directed by the Engineer. Payment will be made at the Contract unit price per unit , and shall be full compensation for materials, tools, labor, and equipment necessary to complete the work.
657.5.8 -Back to Back U -Channel Breakaway Devices: Measurement for payment of “Back to Back U -Channel Breakaway Devices ” will be based on the act ual number of devices necessary to complete the work. This shall equate to the total number of individual supports requiring the installation of a Back to Back U -Channel Breakaway Device. The total cost of each device shall include all components of the device including hardware. The number of units paid for shall be the Plan quantity unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.