628SANITARY SEWER SYSTEMS

628.01 DESCRIPTION . This work shall consist of the construction or reconstruction of sanitary sewer

lines and appurtenances.

628.02 MATERIALS . Materials shall meet the requirements of the following subsections:

Granular Backfill for Structures ................................ ................................ ................. 704.08 Sewer Brick ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 705.01(b) Rubber Gaskets ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 707.09 Acrylonitrile -Butadiene -Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe ................................ ................. 710.0 4 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Plastic Pipe ................................ ................................ ......710.0 5 Ductile Iron Pipe, Cement Lined ................................ ................................ ............... 740.05 Concrete shall conform to the requirements of Section 541 for Concrete, Class B, unless otherwise specified. Sleev es shall conform to the requirements of Section 625 . 628.0 3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS . Operation of existing sanitary sewer facilities shall not be interrupted without prior written approval of the Engineer. When existing underground utilities not scheduled fo r removal or abandonment are encountered in the excavation, they shall be adequately supported and protected from damage. Any damage to utilities shall be repaired promptly in accordance with Subsection 107.1 2 at no additional cost to the Agency. The Contractor shall be responsible for the unloading, storing, hauling, and distribution of all materials. All materials that are damaged, destroyed, or lost during and after unloading shall be replaced at the Contractor’s expense. All pipes , pipe fitting s, and accessories shall be handled to avoid shock. Pipes having factory -applied joint material shall be stacked and blocked to prevent damage to the joint material. Material not needed for immediate use shall be safely stored at places provided by the Con tractor and approved by the Engineer. The Contractor’s attention is called to the fact that sewer pipe and fittings are comparatively brittle. Care shall be taken in handling and laying to avoid damaging the pipe and fittings. The locations of all pipes sh all be approved by the Engineer. When directed by the Engineer, the Contractor shall remove, replace, or rework all sewer piping and appurtenances that do not meet the requirements of this section. The Contract or shall perform all remedial measures at no a dditional cost to the Agency. 6-100 628.0 4 SUBMITTALS . Fabrication drawings shall be submitted in accordance with Subsection 105.06 for all sewer system components including sewer piping, PVC fittings including reducers and end caps, solid sleeve transition couplings, flexible rubber transition couplings, gaskets, urethane insulation, cleanouts including ring and cover, and all ancilla ry appurtenances. Manufacturers’ technical data sheets shall be submitted for each type of pipe and fitting to be used on the project, including dimensions, specifications of material, gasket material, class and pressure rating, coatings, and linings, joi nt restraints, and appurtenances.

628.05 EXCAVATION . Where pipe is to be laid below the existing ground line, a trench shall be

excavated to the required depth and to a width sufficient to allow for joining of the pipe and compaction of the bedding and b ackfill material under and around the pipe. Where feasible, trench walls shall be vertical. The completed trench bottom shall be firm for its full length and width. If shown on the Plans or directed by the Engineer, poor foundation material encountered bel ow the normal grade of the pipe bed shall be removed and replaced with granular backfill for structures. Where ledge rock, rocky or gravelly soil, hardpan, or other unyielding foundation materials are encountered in the trench excavation at the normal grad e of the pipe bed, the trench shall be excavated to a width equal to the inside diameter of the pipe plus 36 inches, and to a depth of 12 inches below the pipe grade. This area shall be backfilled with granular backfill for structures. The length of trench to be opened at one time shall be kept within the limit set by the Engineer, unless otherwise permitted or directed by the Engineer. No tunneling will be permitted except by written approval of the Engineer. Permission to tunnel will be granted only in sh ort sections where, in the opinion of the Engineer, the pipe can be safely and properly installed and the backfill properly compacted. During construction, the Contractor shall conduct operations to prevent at all times the accumulation of water, ice, and snow in excavations or near excavated areas, and to prevent water from interfering with the progress or quality of the work. Under no conditions shall water be allowed to rise in open trenches after the pipe has been placed. Accumulated water, ice, and sno w shall be promptly removed and disposed of by pumping or other approved means. Disposal shall be carried out in a manner which will not create a hazard to public health; cause injury to public or private property, work completed or in progress, or public streets; or cause any interference in the use of streets and roads by the public. Pipes under construction shall not be used to drain excavations. 6-101 Where pipes are to be placed in an embankment, excavation for the pipe shall be made after the embankment has been completed to the specified height above the designed grade for those pipes shown on the Plans. Sheeting and bracing required for trenches shall be removed to the elevation of the pipe, but no sheeting will be allowed to be pulled, removed, or dist urbed below the pipe.

628.06 BEDDING FOR PIPE . The bed shall be prepared in accordance with Subsection 601.04 unless

otherwise specified. Concrete cradle bedding shall be installed on approved subgrades when shown on the Plans or directed by the Engineer.

628.07 LAYING PIPE . No pipe shall be placed until the trench and the prepared bedding have been

approved by the Engineer. The laying shall begin at the outlet end and the lower segment of the pipe shall be in contact with the shaped bedding thro ughout its full length. Bell or grooved ends of rigid pipes and the circumferential laps of flexible pipe shall be placed facing upstream. The longitudinal laps or seams of flexible pipe shall be at the sides. All pipes and fittings shall be carefully exam ined for defects and no pipe or fittings shall be laid which are known to be defective. If any defective piece is discovered after laying, it shall be removed and replaced at the Contractor’s expense. All pipes and fittings shall be cleaned before they are laid and shall be kept clean until accepted in the completed work. The pipe shall be laid to conform to the lines and grades shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer. Each pipe shall be so laid as to form a close joint with the next adjoining pip e and to bring the inverts continuously to the required grade. Each length of pipe shall be shoved home against the pipe previously laid and held securely in position. Joints shall not be pulled or cramped unless permitted by the Engineer. Before any joint is made, the pipe shall be checked to ensure that a closed joint with the next adjoining pipe has been maintained and that the inverts are matched and conform to the required grade. The pipe shall not be driven down to grade by striking it. The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent flotation of the pipe in the trench. 6-102 When pipe laying is not in progress, the open ends of the pipe shall be closed with temporary watertight plugs. If water is in the trench when work is resumed, the pl ug shall not be removed until all danger of water entering the pipe is eliminated. The sewers and manholes shall be made as nearly watertight as practicable and leakage measurements shall be made wherever possible. For sewer force mains, concrete reaction blocking shall be provided as detailed at all bends deflecting 22.5° or more. At the Contractor’s option, retainer glands may be used at bends instead of concrete blocking. Retainer glands shall also be provided at all joints within three pipe lengths on each side of the bends.

628.08 JOINING PIPE . Sewer pipe shall be joined in accordance with the detailed instructions of the

manufacturer. Sewer pipes with pre -molded gaskets shall be driven completely home and the gasket checked for proper positioning. Whe re poured joints are used, the pipe shall be properly positioned and the joint completely filled with joint sealer in accordance with the accepted practice for that type of sewer joint. The sealer shall be allowed to cool completely before the runner is re moved. Where recommended by the manufacturer, the Contractor shall furnish coupling pullers for joining the pipe. Gasket feeler gauges shall be available for use by the pipe layer and the Engineer for checking the position of the rubber gaskets in the comp leted joint, if so directed by the Engineer. Any fittings showing a crack, and any fitting or pipe that has received a severe blow which may have caused a fracture, even though no fracture can be seen, shall be marked as rejected and removed at once from the work. Sewer pipe shall be cut by means of a handsaw, metal -inserted abrasive wheels, or by pipe cutters with blades, not rollers, doing the cutting. All cut ends shall be examined for possible cracks caused by cutting.

628.09 TESTING OF SYSTEM . The Contractor shall provide all necessary equipment and

instrumentation required for proper completion of the flushing and testing. Quality of water, testing procedures, and method of disposal of water shall be approved by the Engineer. Prior to testing, t he system shall be flushed with water to remove construction debris. All tests shall be performed in the presence of the Engineer. Preliminary tests made by the Contractor without being observed by the Engineer will not be accepted. The Engineer shall be n otified at least eight hours before any work is to be inspected or tested. 6-103 All defects in the system shall be corrected and retested until acceptable to the Engineer. Repairs shall be made to achieve the standard of quality specified for the entire syst em. Sections of the system may be tested separately, but any defect that may develop in a section previously tested and accepted shall be promptly corrected and retested. Test data shall be recorded on a form acceptable to the Engineer. A copy of all test data shall be submitted to the Engineer at the completion of testing. All piping shall be tested in accordance with the following test methods, in addition to any test required by state and local codes or building authorities:

628.10 Backfilling .

628.12 MANHOLES . Manholes shall conform to the requirements of Section 604 .

628.13 TRANSFER OF EXISTING SYSTEM TO NEW SYSTEM . The Contractor shall maintain

existing sewage flows during construction of the new sanitary sewer systems and during connection of the new system to the existing system. In locations of conflict between new sanitary sewer main and existing lateral servic es, Contractor shall furnish and install temporary sewer services. The Contractor shall submit and receive approval of a maintenance of flow plan which shall include a detailed construction schedule and procedure for transferring service from the existing system to the new system prior to beginning work on the system. When new sewers are connected to existing manholes and existing pipe penetrations cannot be used, pipe openings shall be core drilled to accommodate the new pipe. Approved watertight boots or gaskets shall be furnished and installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, and then the opening around the gasket shall be grouted to a watertight seal. Existing manhole grouted inverts, flow lines, and aprons, shall be chipped out and r e-grouted to accommodate the new piping. Grout holes or damage in manhole wall opening shall be repaired with non -shrink grout until flush with the outside face of wall. The exterior of the manholes shall be coated with a bitumastic or other watertight sea lant meeting the approval of the sewer owner. Prior to making the connection, the Contractor shall notify the owner and the Engineer in writing 3 calendar days in advance of the date when the Contractor will be ready to complete the work. After this connec tion is made, the Contractor shall divert the sewage flow to the new sewer, transfer the house services from the existing system to the new sewer, and abandon the existing system as shown on the Plans or directed by the Engineer. Where existing manholes an d other underground structures are to be abandoned, the Contractor shall remove the frame and cover, remove the top a minimum of 24 inches below subgrade or final slope grade, whichever is greater, plug the pipes with Class C concrete, and backfill with su itable material. Frames and covers shall remain the property of the owner of the system. Material placed in the manholes and other structures shall be compacted to the requirements of the surrounding subgrade material. 6-112 628.14 WATER MAIN AND SEWER SEPARA TION . Where water mains and sewer lines are in the same area as a result of work under the Contract, parallel installations or crossings of such installations shall conform to the requirements as specified in the Recommended Standards for Water Works and Recommended Standards for Wastewater Facilities , as well as the standards of the Vermont Drinking Water and Groundwater Protection Division, and as specified below. In addition, all reconstruction or relocation of existing water or sewer facilities shall be as approved by the utility owner. Such approval shall be obtained for scheduling, materials, and configuration of the reconstruction or relocation.

628.16 BASIS OF PAYMENT . The accepted quantity of PVC Sewer Pipe and Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe

of the size specified will be paid for at the Contract unit price per linear foot. Payment will be full compensation for furnishing, transporting, handling, installing, and testing the m aterials specified; for making all necessary connections; and for furnishing all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary to complete the work. The accepted quantity of PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive and Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive of the size specified will be paid for at the Contract unit price per linear foot. Payment will be full compensation for furnishing, transporting, handling, installing, and testing the materials specified including, but not limited to, saw -cutting existing pa vement and existing concrete roadway, excavation, dewatering as required, pipe bedding and blanket, backfill, sewer pipe, fittings including elbows, eccentric reducers when reducing size, solid sleeves, gasketed couplings, flexible rubber transition coupli ngs, and end caps; and for making all necessary connections; for calibrated television inspection for deflection testing; and for furnishing all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary to complete the work. If the excavation and backfill for a sanitary sewer system component is increased by 12 inches or less due to lowering the grade, changing the location, or poor foundation material, additional excavation and backfill will be considered incidental to PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive or Ductile Ir on Sewer Pipe, All - Inclusive . If the excavation and backfill for a sanitary sewer system component is increased by more than 12 inches due to lowering the grade, changing the location, or poor foundation material, additional excavation and backfill will be paid under the appropriate Contract items. The accepted quantity of Re -Laying Sewer Pipe will be paid for at the Contract unit price per linear foot. Payment will be full compensation for furnishing all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary for re-laying sewer pipe at the locations specified in the Contract and as directed by the Engineer. 6-114 Excavation, including backfill and disposal of excavated material not suitable for backfill, will be paid for at the Contract unit price per cubic yard f or Trench Excavation of Earth or Trench Excavation of Rock, as specified in Section 204 . When material is required to replace poor foundation material below the normal grade of the pipe it will be paid for as Granular Backfill for Structures. Concrete show n on the Plans or directed by the Engineer will be paid for as Concrete, Class B, unless otherwise specified. Sheeting left in place will be paid for as incidental to the appropriate excavation Contract item. The accepted quantity of Sewer Cleanout will be paid for at the Contract unit price per each. Payment will be full compensation for furnishing, transporting, handling, installing, and testing the materials specified including, but not limited to, PVC pipe, fittings, caps, cast iron sewer cleanout ring and covers, concrete collar, and for making all necessary connections; and for furnishing all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary to complete the work. The accepted quantity of Sewer Cleanout, All -Inclusive, will be paid for at the Contract unit price per each. Payment will be full compensation for furnishing, transporting, handling, installing, and testing the materials specified including, but not limited to, excavation, dewatering as required, bedding, backfill, PVC pipe, fittings, caps, c ast iron sewer cleanout ring and covers, concrete collar, and for making all necessary connections; and for furnishing all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary to complete the work. The accepted quantity of Transfer to New System, Sanitary Se wer, All-Inclusive will be paid for at the Contract lump sum price bid. Payment will be full compensation for furnishing all labor, materials, equipment, tools, and incidentals suitable for effecting the transfer of systems as specified. Items for payment under this lump sum amount include, but are not limited to, development of a maintenance of flow plan, maintenance of existing sewage flows including all bypass pumping as required, installation of temporary sewer service piping at conflicts between new an d existing piping and the subsequent removal of the temporary sewer service piping when no longer required, and performing all exploratory excavation as indicated in the exploratory excavation plan on each existing lateral sewer service as necessary prior to construction of the new sewer main to determine the service’s size, material, and location; excavation and location of the new connection point, diversion of sewage flow from the connection point, associated pumping and dewatering of connection area, ma king the physical connection into the existing system including, but not limited to, excavation and backfill, all fittings, piping and appurtenances, coring into existing structures as required, transfer of sewage flow to the new system, abandonment of exi sting system, and furnishing all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary to complete the work. Payment for excavatable flowable fill required to abandon existing sewer mains and services will be made under item 541.4600. 6-115 Payment will be made under: Pay Item Pay Unit 628.1400 PVC Sewer Pipe ................................ ................................ ........................ Linear Foot 628.1406 PVC Sewer Pipe, 1.5 Inch ................................ ................................ ......... Linear Foot 628.1408 PVC Sewer Pipe, 2 Inch ................................ ................................ ............ Linear Foot 628.1416 PVC Sewer Pipe, 4 Inch ................................ ................................ ............ Linear Foot 628.1424 PVC Sewer Pipe, 6 Inch ................................ ................................ ............ Linear Foot 628.1432 PVC Sewer Pipe, 8 Inch ................................ ................................ ............ Linear Foot 628.1440 PVC Sewer Pipe, 10 Inch ................................ ................................ .......... Linear Foot 628.1448 PVC Sewer Pipe, 12 Inch ................................ ................................ .......... Linear Foot 628.1460 PVC Sewer Pipe, 15 Inch ................................ ................................ .......... Linear Foot 628.1472 PVC Sewer Pipe, 18 Inch ................................ ................................ .......... Linear Foot 628.1496 PVC Sewer Pipe, 24 Inch ................................ ................................ .......... Linear Foot 628.1500 PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive ................................ ................................ .Linear Foot 628.1506 PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive, 1.5 Inch ................................ ................. Linear Foot 628.1508 PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive, 2 Inch ................................ .................... Linear Foot 628.1516 PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive, 4 Inch ................................ .................... Linear Foot 628.1524 PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive, 6 Inch ................................ .................... Linear Foot 628.1532 PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive, 8 Inch ................................ .................... Linear Foot 628.1540 PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive, 10 Inch ................................ .................. Linear Foot 628.1548 PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive, 12 Inch ................................ .................. Linear Foot 628.1560 PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive, 15 Inch ................................ .................. Linear Foot 628.1572 PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive, 18 Inch ................................ .................. Linear Foot 628.1596 PVC Sewer Pipe, All -Inclusive, 24 Inch ................................ .................. Linear Foot 628.1600 Ductile Ir on Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined ................................ ................... Linear Foot 628.1624 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, 6 Inch ................................ .......Linear Foot 628.1632 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, 8 Inch ................................ .......Linear Foot 628.1640 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, 10 Inch ................................ .....Linear Foot 628.1648 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, 12 Inch ................................ .....Linear Foot 628.1660 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, 15 Inch ................................ .....Linear Foot 628.1672 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, 18 Inch ................................ .....Linear Foot 628.1696 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, 24 Inch ................................ .....Linear Foot 6-116 Pay Item Pay Unit 628.1700 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, All -Inclusive ............................ Linear Foot 628.1724 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, All -Inclusive, 6 In. .................. Linear Foot 628.1732 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, All -Inclusiv e, 8 In. .................. Linear Foot 628.1740 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, All -Inclusive, 10 In. ................ Linear Foot 628.1748 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, All -Inclusive, 12 In. ................ Linear Foot 628.1760 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, All -Inclusive, 15 In. ................ Linear Foot 628.1772 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, All -Inclusive, 18 In. ................ Linear Foot 628.1796 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe, Cement -Lined, All -Inclusive, 24 In. ................ Linear Foot 628.1800 Re -Laying Sewer Pipe ................................ ................................ .............. Linear Foot 628.3000 Sewer Cleanout ................................ ................................ ......................... Each 628.3100 Sewer Cleanout, All -Inclusive ................................ ................................ ..Each 628.4300 Transfer to New System, Sanitary Sewer, All -Inclusive .......................... Lump Sum 6-117 SECTION 629 – WATER SYSTEMS

629.01 DESCRIPTION . This work shall consist of the construction or reconstruction of water lines and

appurtenances.

629.02 MATERIALS . Materials shall meet the requirements of the following subsections:

Sand Borrow and Cushion ................................ ................................ ......................... 703.03 Coarse Aggregate for Concrete ................................ ................................ .................. 704.02 Granular Backfill for Structures ................................ ................................ ................. 704.08 Plastic Pipe, Flexible ................................ ................................ ................................ ..740.01 Plastic Pipe, Rigid (PVC) ................................ ................................ .......................... 740.02 Copper Tube, Seamless ................................ ................................ .............................. 740.03 Ductile Iron Pipe, Cement Lined ................................ ................................ ............... 740.05 Chlorine Solution ................................ ................................ ................................ .......742.01 Concrete shall conform to the requirements of Section 541 for Concrete, Class B, unless otherwise specified. Sleeves shall conform to the requirements of Section 625 . Crushed stone bedding shall be in accordance with Subsection 704.02 and meet the gradatio n requirements of Table 704.02 C. Ductile iron fittings shall be so -called compact or short -bodied fittings.

629.03 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS . The Contractor shall not disrupt the operation of existing water

facilities without prior written approval of the Engineer. When existing underground utilities, which are not scheduled for removal or abandonment, are encountered in the excavation, they shall be adequately supported and protected from damage. Any damage to utilities shall be repaired promptly in accord ance with Subsection 107.1 2 at no additional cost to the Agency. Any work associated with existing water lines or appurtenances shown on the Plans to be removed or abandoned in place will be considered incidental to the work under this section .