705 - STRUCTURAL STEEL FABRICATION - BRIDGES
700-28 ¼, +¼ inch for spans 0 through 100 feet
- ⅜, +⅜ inch for spans greater than 100 feet Permissible variations in blocking of welded gird ers and rolled beams, regardless of cross-section, shall not exceed: 0 for all supports Sign convention: (-) below, (+) a bove the detailed values or sh ape in the no-load condition. Delete paragraph 3.5.1.9 and replace with the following: The bearing ends of bearing stiffeners shall be flush and square with the web and shall have no less than 75% of the end area in contact with the flanges. “Contact” is achieved when a 0.005 inch feeler gauge cannot be inserted between stiffener and flange. The gap between stiffener and flange for the rema ining “non-contact” area shall be no greater than 1/32 inch. For steel slabs, base plates, bearing devices, cap plates of colu mns and pedestals bearings against or welded to beams and girders, no less than 75% of the common area shall be in contact with the flanges. Do not exceed a 1/32 inch gap for the 25% “non-contact” area. Add 3 new paragraphs as follows: 3.5.1.16 The permissible variation in length of beams or girders between the center line of bearing devices shall not exceed plus or minus ¼ inch for any one span or plus or minus ⅜ inch for any two or more spans. The actual centerline of any bearing device shall lie within the thickness of the bearing stiffener. 3.5.1.17 During shop assembly of horizontally curved welded beams or girders, the allowable variation in specified sweep at internal supports shall be ¼ inch. 3.5.1.18 During shop assembly of horizontally curved welded beams or girders, the allowable variation in specified sweep at any point be tween supports shall be the greater of: ⅛ inch per 10 feet of length, calculated using the distance to the nearest support, or ¼ inch. SECTION 4. TECHNIQUE. Add the following notes to Table 4.1: Only low hydrogen electrodes shall be used. E 7028 Electrodes may be used for shop fillet welds except for the attachment of gusset plates and bearing stiffeners to girders, bearing stiffeners to beams, web to flange welds and for welding floor beam truss assemblies. Welding shall be in the horizontal and flat positions only. SUBSECTION 5.2 WPS QUALIFICATION RESPONSIBILITY Replace the first sentence of paragraph 5.2.3 with the following: All welder, welding operator, and tack welder and PQR tests must be witnessed by the Engineer, another state’s representative approved by the Engineer, or an independent third party approved by the Engineer. If representatives from other states or third parties witnessed a test, provide records of the test signed by the witness. All mechanical and nondestructive tests performed by independent laboratories on qualification specimens will be at no charge to the State. Provide signed documentation of the independent lab’s test results to the Engineer. When requested by the Engineer, allow KDOT access to the test samples and the independe nt lab’s radiographs for inspection. Delete paragraph 5.2.4 and replace with the following: 5.2.4 Additional Testing. The Engineer may order tests of welders, welding operators, tack welders, or WPSs whenever there is evidence that unacceptable welds are being or ha ve been produced. This additional testing is at the fabricator’s expense. The Engineer may disquali fy personnel working for the fabricator who fail the additional testing, who commit serious violations of the specifications, or who repeatedly exhibit poor workmanship on KDOT projects. Revise paragraph 5.2.5 as follows: Replace “those authorized to exam ine them.” with ”the Engineer.” SUBSECTION 5.21 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WELDER QUALIFICATION Add the following to paragraph 5.21.6.1: All tests must be witnessed by the Engineer, another state’s representative approved by the Engineer, or an independent third party approved by the Engineer. Revise paragraph 5.21.7 as follows: Replace “those authorized to exam ine them.” with ”the Engineer.” Add the following to paragraph 5.21.7: 705 - STRUCTURAL STEEL FABRICATION - BRIDGES
700-29 If representatives from other states or third parties witnessed a test, records of the test must by signed
by the witness. SUBSECTION 6.1 INSPECTION – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Add the following to paragraph 6.1.1.1: Within a KDOT project, QC shall not be performed by an inspector or their assistants who are, or were previously, engaged in the welding, the general assembly , or the application of coatings. This requirement also applies to work done under other AWS welding codes. SUBSECTION 6.7 NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING (NDT) Delete paragraphs 6.7.1, 6.7.1.1, and 6.7.1.2 and add the following: 6.7.1 Groove welds in main members as identified in Contract Documents shall be QC tested by nondestructive testing. Unless otherwise specified, radiogra phic testing shall be used on butt joints. Groove welds in T and corner joints shall be tested by ultrasonic testing. The requirements for radiographic testing and ultrasonic testing apply equally to shop and field welds. 6.7.1.1 Radiographic testing of welds shall be pe rformed according to the following requirements:
1.100% of all welded girder and rolled beam flange butt joints.
2.All except the middle ⅓ of all welded girder or rolled beam web butt joints. 6.7.1.2 Ultrasonic testing of welds shall be performed according to the following requirements:
1.100% of each joint subject to ca lculated tension or stress reversal.
2.25% of each joint su bject to compression or shear. If un acceptable discontinuities are found in spot testing, the entire length shall be tested. Delete paragraphs 6.7.6, 6.7.6.1, 6.7.6.2, 6. 7.6.3, 6.7.6.4, and 6.7.6.5 and add the following: 6.7.6 When magnetic particle testing is used, the procedure and techniques shall be in accordance with the dry powder magnetic particle examination of welds using the yoke method. 6.7.6.1 The yoke method shal l be performed according to ASTM E 709, and the standard of acceptance with 6.26 of the Code.
1.The yoke method shall be performed using half-wave rectified direct current or alternating current.
2.Electromagnetic yokes shall have lifting forces complying with TABLE 705-1 . TABLE 705-1: ELECTROMAGNETIC YOKE SPACING Current Type Yoke Pole Leg Spacing (YPS) 2"YPS<4" 4" YPS6" AC 10 lbs. Not Applicable DC 30 lbs. 50 lbs. 6.7.6.2 Prior to magnetic particle testing, the surface shall be examined, a nd any adjacent area within a minimum of 1 inch of the su rface to be tested, shall be dry and free of c ontaminants such as oil, grease, loose rust, loose sand, loose scale, lint, paint, welding flux, and weld spatter. Cleaning may be accomplished by detergents, orga nic solvents, descaling solutions, paint removers, vapor degreasing, sand or grit blasti ng, and ultrasonic cleaning methods. 6.7.6.3 The poles shall be oriented in two directions approximately 90 degrees apart at each inspection point, to detect both longitudinal and transverse discontinuities. The pole position shall overlap as testing progresses to insure 100 percent inspection of the areas to be te sted. Discontinuities are best detected when their axis is normal to the magnetic lines of force. Therefore, the yoke technique is most sensitive to discontinuities whose major access is normal to a line drawn between the two poles. 6.7.6.4 A report of magnetic particle examinati on shall be prepared and provided to the owner.
1.The report shall include the following minimum information: (a) Part identification
b.Examination procedure number (if applicable)
c.Date of examination (d) Technicians name, certification level, and signature
e.Name and signature of contractors or owners, Inspectors, or both who witnessed the examination
Source: Kansas Standard Specifications for State Road and Bridge Construction, 2015 Edition. Pages 359–360 of 978.