8−112 a. Partial Depth Removal. The limits of partial depth concrete removal shall be those areas for which deteriorated concrete extends less than 50 percent of the depth of the original deck as indicated on the contract drawings.
b.Full Depth Removal. The limits of full depth concrete removal shall be those areas for which deteriorated concrete extends more than 50 percent of the depth of the original deck as indicated on the contract drawings.
818.02 MATERIALS. Materials shall conform to the following requirements:
818.02.1 Concrete shall conform to the requirements for Class HP material as set forth in
Subsections 601.01.1 and 601.03.1; Classification and Proportioning, of these Specifications, with the exception that the coarse aggregat e gradation shall meet the requirements of Subsection
M.02.03 for aggregate size ½” or 3/8”. The size used shall be at the discretion of the Contractor.
818.02.2 Epoxy Adhesive shall be an all-purpose, high-strength, moisture-insensitive, rigid epoxy
adhesive. Such adhesive shall be listed on the Department’s approved materials list. The Contractor shall ensure that the material used is compatible with the surfaces to be bonded.
818.02.3 Reinforcement shall conform to the requirements for ASTM 615 Grade 60 Reinforcing
Steel as set forth in Section 810 of these Specifications.
818.03 Construction Methods.
818.03.1 Removal of Deteriorated Concrete. Removal of concrete shall be performed in a
workmanlike manner to prevent damage to the bridge deck that is to remain. Any damage to remaining portions of the bridge deck or to the structural girders caused by the Contractor's operations shall be repaired or replaced by the Contractor, at his own expense and to the satisfaction of the Engineer. All loose, deteriorated or unsound concrete shall be removed as designated by the Engineer. A saw cut to an approximate depth of 3/4-inch shall be made along all boundaries of the repair patches prior to removal, except those patches bounded by the bridge curbing. Particular care shall be taken not to cut into the top mat of bridge deck reinforcing steel. Concrete removal shall be performed in a manner that will not damage reinforcing steel or saw cut areas at the repair boundaries. Any damage caused by the concrete removal process shall be repaired at the Contractor’s expense. The concrete deck shall be removed to a mini mum depth of 1 inch. "Jackhammers" heavier than nominal 30-pound class shall not be used. "Chipping Hammers" heavier than a nominal 15-pound class shall not be used to remove concrete from areas beneath reinforcing bars. Hand tools such as hammers and chisels shall be provided for removal of particles of unsound concrete or to achieve the required depth throughout the repair areas, including the saw cut edges. In no case shall pneumatic tools be placed in direct contact with reinforcing steel so as to damage its bond to the surrounding concrete. In areas where reinforcing steel is found to be surrounded by deteriorated concrete or where at least one-half of its surface area is exposed, the depth of concrete removal shall be such to include all deteriorated concrete but not less than that depth necessary to allow for 3/4-inch 8−113clearance below the primary reinforcing bars in the top mat of reinforcing steel. Should removal extend deeper than 50% of the original deck thickness solely for obtaining the aforementioned ¾-inch clearance, the repair shall still be considered a partial-depth repair. It is not necessary to remove concrete underneath any temperature and dist ribution reinforcement which has at least one half of its surface area exposed. Reinforcing bars that have lost 1/4 or more of their original diameter shall be supplemented by new bars spliced in place. In splicing new bars, they shall be lapped sufficiently (30 diameters on both sides of the affected areas) to develop the full strength of the bar and, if necessary, additional concrete removal will be required to provide this lap. Dual bars of equivalent or greater section may be used.
a.Deck Removal by Hydro Demolition. Deck removal by hydro demolition shall be performed in accordance with the provisions of SECTION 840 of these Specifications.
818.03.2 Preparation of Sound Concrete and Reinforcing. All exposed reinforcing bars and
newly exposed concrete shall be thoroughly cleaned by sandblasting or other mechanical abrasion methods approved by the Engineer. The exposed concrete and reinforcing steel surfaces shall be free of rust, oil, solvent, grease, dirt, dust, bitumen, loose particles, and other foreign matter just prior to the application of the epoxy adhesive. A large sized vacuum cleaner and/or an air jet shall be used to remove dust and other particles just prior to placing the epoxy adhesive.
818.03.3 Forms for Full Depth Removal. Forms used for the patching work shall be capable of
supporting the quantity of fresh concrete needed to install the patch and shall otherwise conform to the applicable requirements of Subsection 808.03.4 of these Specifications.
818.03.4 Epoxy Adhesive shall be applied to the substrate with a stiff-bristled broom to a
thickness of approximately 20 mils or in accor dance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of the material. The Contractor shall follow the manufacturer's recommendations for curing the epoxy adhesive prior to placing the concrete.
818.03.5 Placing and Finishing Concrete. The new concrete shall be hand manipulated and
struck off slightly above the final grade. It s hall then be mechanically consolidated and screeded to a final grade. A mechanical or hand trowel finish shall be pr ovided to produce a tight and uniform surface. As soon as finishing has been completed, all vertical joints with adjacent concrete shall be sealed by painting with thinned grout. White pigmented liquid curing compound shall be applied immediately after the joint application is completed. The rate of application shall be 15 square yards per gallon, applied evenly and uniformly over the surface area. If the curing compound is not applied within 10 minutes after the final screeding, the finished concrete surfaces shall be immediately covered with wet burlap until the application of curing compound can be made. Failure to apply either curing compound within 10 minutes or burlap within 30 mi nutes after the concrete is deposited on the floor shall be cause for rejecting the work so effected. Repaired concrete in the rejected areas shall be removed, and the re-repair shall be implemented at no additional cost to the State. Traffic or external loads from heavy equipment such as pavers shall not be allowed on the 8−114 repaired deck surfaces until the concrete has reached a minimum of 95 percent of its twenty-eight
28.day compressive design strength.
818.04 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT. "Portland Cement Concrete Deck Repairs (Partial Depth
Removal)" and "Portland Cement Concrete Deck Repairs (Full Depth Removal)" will be measured by the number square feet of such repairs actually made in accordance with the Plans and/or as directed by the Engineer.
818.05 BASIS OF PAYMENT. The accepted quantities of "Portland Cement Deck Repairs (Partial
Depth Removal)" and "Portland Cement Concrete Deck Repairs (Full Depth Removal)" will be paid for at the respective contract unit prices per square foot as listed in the Proposal. The prices so- stated constitute full and complete compensation for all labor, tools, materials and equipment, and all incidentals required to finish the work, complete and accepted by the Engineer. Supplemental reinforcing bars shall be paid for separately by force account in accordance with the provisions of Subsection 109.04 of these Specifications.
a.Reinforcing Bar Clearances . Existing reinforcing steel clearances indicated on the contract drawings are nominal and may vary due to the as-built conditions. An adjustment in the bid price for partial depth removal based on the percentage increase in depth of removal will be made should concrete need to be removed beyond the depth indicated by the contract drawings. SECTION 819 DRILL AND GROUT REINFORCING DOWELS
819.01 DESCRIPTION. This work consists of the setting of reinforcing bar dowels in existing
concrete or granite at the locations indicated on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer, all in accordance with these Specifications. 819.02 MATERIALS.
819.02.1 Reinforcing Dowels. Reinforcing dowels shall conform to the requirements of Subsection M.05.01; Bar Reinforcement , of these Specifications.
819.02.2 High Strength Non-Shrink Grout. High strength non-shrink grout shall be suitable for
outdoor use, and it shall have a minimum compression strength of 8,000 psi after 28 days as determined by testing under ASTM C109. It shall not exhibit any measurable decrease in volume after curing. All grout materials shall be listed on the Department's Approved Materials List. 819.03 CONSTRUCTION METHODS. Holes for the dowels shall be drilled at the designated locations. The diameter of the holes and the embedment lengths shall be as indicated in the following table:
Source: Rhode Island Standard Specifications (Bluebook), 2024 Edition. Pages 446–448 of 826.