6-174 SECTIO N 646 – PAVEMEN T MARKINGS 646.0 1 DESCRIPTION . This work shall consist of furnishing, installing, removing, and masking pavement markings, including durable, nondurable, and temporary markings on pavement and other surfaces. 646.0 2 MATERIALS . Materials shall meet the requirements of the following subsections: Polyurea Pavement Markings ................................ ................................ .................... 708.0 7(a) Epoxy Paint ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 708.0 7(b) Waterborne Traffic Paint ................................ ................................ ........................... 708.0 7(c) Thermoplastic Pavement Markings, Type A ................................ ............................. 708.08(a) Thermoplastic Pavement Markings, Type B ................................ ............................. 708.08(b) Line Striping Targets ................................ ................................ ................................ .708.09(a) Pavement Marking Mask ................................ ................................ ........................... 708.09(b) Optics ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 754.01 Pavement Marking Tape ................................ ................................ ............................ 754.0 2 Colored Surface Treatment ................................ ................................ ........................ 754.0 6 Pavement marking materials furnished shall be the ones shown on the Plans or listed in these specifications as being acceptable for the project. The Contractor may submit alternate materials for approval in accordance with Subsecti on 646.1 6. 646.0 3 CLASSIFICATION .
a.Optics . Glass beads or composite material incorporated into waterborne paint and liquid durable pavement markings that provide different levels of reflectivity.
b.Waterborne Paint . Liquid waterborne based paint binder used in permanent and temporary applications.
c.Liquid Durable Pavement Markings . Liquid based binder markings that include epoxy paint, polyurea paint, and extruded thermoplastic.
d.Preformed Durable Pavement Ma rkings . Preformed durable pavement markings include preformed thermoplastic, Type A pavement marking tape, and Type B pavement marking tape .
e.Temporary Pavement Markings . Temporary pavement markings include Type C pavement marking tape, pavement marking mask, line striping targets, and paint. 6-175 646.0 4 GENERA L APPLICATIO N OF MARKINGS .
a.Surface Preparation . The surface shall be clean, dry, and free of all dust, oil, debris, and any other material that might interfere with the bond to the existing surface at the time of application, as recommended by the manufacturer. Cleaning and marking removal operations shall be conducted such that the finished pavement surface is not damaged or left in a pattern that will mislead or misdirect motorists . The Contractor shall be responsible for removal and repair of any associated damage at no additional cost to the Agency. Minor abrasions, as determined by the Engineer, resulting from cleaning and removal operations will not be considered damage. The Co ntractor shall control and minimize airborne dust and similar debris generated by surface preparation and cleanup to prevent a hazard to motor vehicle operation or nuisance to adjacent property.
b.Placement of Markings . Prior to marking placement, t he Engineer will inspect the pavement to determine if conditions are suitable for the placement of markings. The Engineer will check the pavement for cleanliness, moisture content, and temperature , and will check ambient air conditions. The Eng ineer will make the final determination as to the suitability of project conditions for the application of pavement markings. Where required, the Contractor shall clean the surface to be marked to the satisfaction of the Engineer to provide for an acceptab le bond between the marking and the pavement or surface. Weather conditions must be sufficient to allow the placement and curing of the pavement marking material without violating the manufacturer’s requirements. All markings shall be applied in a neat and professional manner. The lines shall be sharp and clear with no feathered edging or fogging, and precautions shall be taken to prevent tracking by tires of the marking equipment. Adequate quantities of the material shall be applied to ensure constant thickness of marking material. Glass beads shall be delivered at a velocity that is at least 60% of ground speed for the application device. Markings shall be applied parallel to the roadway centerline or as shown on the Plans with no unsightly deviations. After application, markings shall be protected from crossing vehicles for a time at least equivalent to the drying time of the marking material used, according to manufacturer’s recommendations. Markings shall be protected from the moment of application until they are sufficiently dry to bear traffic without damage to the marking, tracking, or adhering to vehicle tires. 6-176 Any pavement marking materials spilled or tracked on the roadway surfaces shall be removed by the Contractor to the satisfaction of the Eng ineer and at no additional cost to the Agency. The method of removal shall be acceptable to the Engineer and not injurious to the roadway or other surfaces. All temporary pavement markings, including line striping targets when used, shall be applied so that at the end of each working day, all centerlines, edge -line, island markings, gore markings, lane lines, special markings, etc. are in place on all paved surfaces where traffic will be maintained. During paving and milling, work shall be scheduled so that the pavement markings are complete immediately after the paving and milling operations cease for the day. When line striping targets (LSTs) are not shown on the Plans but are used as a short -term substitute for other temporary pavement markings, they sha ll be placed as directed by the Engineer and will be paid for as the equivalent quantity of temporary pavement marking for which the LSTs are substituted. However, if the Engineer determines it is necessary to replace those temporary LSTs with either more LSTs or the actual temporary pavement markings designated for that particular location, no further payment for the temporary pavement markings at that location will be made. At all times, the Contractor shall have on hand on the project all necessary materials, equipment, and labor to place any and all necessary interim pavement markings, including temporary line striping targets, required by the Plans or as directed by the En gineer. The markings shall be paid for under the appropriate Contract items. With the exception of colored pavement markings as described in Subsection 646.13 and centerline markings in areas where centerline rumble strips are installed and fog sealed, permanent markings shall be placed within 14 calendar days of paving the wearing surface . Temporary pavement markings shall be removed concurrent with the placement of permanent pavement markings. Failure on the part of the Contractor to comply with the provisions of this part of the specifications may be grounds for suspension of biweekly estimate payments for the Contract in accordance with Subsection 105.01(b) , until the required work is performed to the satis faction of the Engineer.
c.Weather Limitations .
1.At the time of application of painted markings, the temperature of the surface to be painted shall be a minimum of 50°F and the ambient air temperature shall be 50°F and rising. Ambient hygrometric cond itions required for drying within a 20 -minute period shall exist or painting shall be suspended. 6-177 At the time of application of durable pavement markings, the pavement surface and ambient air temperatures shall be as per the manufacturer’s published specified application temperatures, and the dew point shall be 5°F or more below the ambient air tempera ture. If the manufacturer’s published recommendations are unavailable, the pavement surface and ambient air temperatures shall both be a minimum of 50°F. Durable pavement markings shall be installed in the same calendar year that the wearing course of pave ment is placed.
2.If weather conditions do not permit the application of durable markings on or before November 15th, waterborne paint shall be applied in accordance with Subsection 646.06 and Subsection 646.15 .
3.When it is in the public interest, th e Engineer may authorize the application of pavement markings under conditions that vary from these limitations or the manufacturer’s published recommendations.
d.Layout and Control . Once the wearing course has been placed, the Engineer will establish th e layout for the permanent centerline traffic markings, including passing zones, breaks for town highways and side roads, and any other items required for the centerline markings. The Contractor shall be responsible for laying out all non -centerline markin gs. The pattern of painted, durable, or temporary markings shall be as follows, unless otherwise shown in the Contract or directed by the Engineer.
1.Centerline Markings . Centerline markings shall be positioned at the geometric center of the roads or as shown in the Plans. Solid (barrier) lines and dash ed lines shall start and end at points shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer. A dash ed line shall consist of 10 foot 6 inch line segments, and 30 foot 6 inch spaces. The spacing between a double barrier line and between a barrier line and a dash ed line shall be the same width as the lines. The width of centerlines shall be as shown on the Plans, 1/4 inch.
2.Edge Line Markings . Edge line markings shall be applied along both edges of the road, as shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer. Edge lines shall be discontinued through intersections of paved public side roads, unless otherwise shown on the Plans. The width of edge lines shall be as shown on the Plans, 1/4 inch.
3.Dotted Line . Dotted lines shall be positioned as shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer. A dotted line shall consist of 3 foot 2 inch line segments, and 9 foot 2 inch spaces, unless o therwise specified in the Contract. The width of dotted lines shall be as shown on the Plans, 1/4 inch. 6-178 (4) Control . The Contractor shall provide the necessary horizontal and longitudinal control to keep all longitudinal lines within 2 inches of their designated locations. In addition, on tangents, the Contractor shall not allow longitudinal lines to vary from either side of a straight line by more than 1 inch in 100 feet.
5.Gaps and Overlaps . When applying durable diagonal pavement markings that are to be enclosed within durable long line borders, the Contractor shall apply the diagonals in such a manner as to allow a maximum of a single overlap and no gaps between the diagonals and the long lines.
e.Application Equipment . The pavement marking e quipment shall meet the approval of the Engineer and shall be maintained in working condition at all times. The pavement marking equipment shall be of standard commercial manufacture of the type capable of satisfactorily applying the designated material at required application temperatures and rates, and in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommended application practices. For long line markings, each machine shall be capable of applying two separate stripes, either solid or dash ed, at the same time. Eac h applicator shall be equipped with satisfactory cutoffs that will apply broken, dashed, or dotted lines automatically. Each applicator shall have a mechanical bead dispenser that will operate simultaneously with the applicator and distribute the beads in a uniform pattern at the rate specified over the entire surface area of the marking. The bead placement device shall maximize bead embedment in the marking material. Each applicator shall also be equipped with line guides acceptable to the Engineer. Equip ment for application shall be mobile and maneuverable such that straight lines can be followed and normal curves can be made in a true arc. Equipment shall include adequate process controls to regulate the application of marking materials and maintain requ ired temperatures, pressures, and delivery speed of components in the pavement marking. The pavement marking equipment shall be operated in accordance with recommendations of the equipment manufacturer, unless otherwise directed by the Engineer. Operating speeds shall be such as to provide uniformity and the specified wet or dry film thicknesses. The application equipment shall be constructed so as to ensure continuous uniformity in the dimensions of stripes. The applicator shall provide a means for cleanly and squarely cutting off stripe ends and shall provide a method of applying dashed and dotted lines. The equipment shall be capable of applying varying widths of traffic markings. 6-179 Pavement marking vehicles shall operate in the lane for traffic moving in the same direction . They shall not encroach into the lane for opposing traffic flow. Exceptions to this requirement shall be approved in writing by the Engineer. Equipment to be used for determining temperature, moisture, and material thickness i ncluding, but not limited to, a thermometer and a micrometer are specified in Subsection 631.0 4.
f.Documentation Requirements . The Contractor shall provide to the Agency a written daily installation report of the application for all projects 2 miles or greater in length . The report shall include the following:
1.Date of installation report.
2.Date and beginning and ending time of application.
3.Striping contractor.
4.The highway number, highway name , and town name with the beginning and ending reference points.
5.Approved mix design number.
6.Designation of the marking being applied (LEL – left edge line , REL – right edge line , CL – centerline, LL – lane line ).
7.Width of marking applied.
8.Vendor and product (binder and optics).
9.Lot numbers of products used.
10.Specific weight of binder lots used in pounds per gallon.
11.Weight in pounds or volume in gallons of binder used by color.
12.Weight in pounds of reflective glass beads or elements used.
13.Number of optic drops.
14.Optic types per each drop.
15.Pavement surface temperature (℉). 6-180 (16) Air temperature (℉).
17.Dew point (℉).
18.Humidity (percent).
19.Dates of retroreflectivity testing.
20.Reflectometer model.
21.Reflectometer factory calibration date.
22.Retroreflectivity testing values.
23.Retroreflectivity testing locations. 646.0 5 PAVEMEN T MARKIN G MIX DESIGN . The Contractor shall submit a pavement marking mix design for liquid dur able pavement markings to the Agency’s Materials Testing and Certification Section Central Laboratory . Any change to the mix design will need to be resubmitted and reviewed for conformance in accordance with the requirements of Subsection 105.06 . The mix design shall include:
a.Application .
1.Pavement type (e.g. Type IVS or Bonded Wearing Course , Type C)
2.Whether the markings are to be surface applied or recessed
b.Binder .
1.Liquid durable type
2.Product name
3.Thickness in mils
4.Color
c.Optics .
1.Optic types
2.Product names 6-181 (3) Optic drops
a.Number of optic drops
b.Drop rates
c.Composition of optic drops
d.Minimum Retroreflectivity Values .
1.Contractor test data, as determined in accordance with ASTM D7585 , shall be submitted with the mix design when available. When test data is not available at the time of submittal it shall be submitted as soon as practical after installation on the project. Pavement marking mix designs will not be eligible for renewal for subsequent years when Contract or test data has not been submitted. The Contractor shall submit a letter of intent a minimum of 14 calendar days prior to the start of production identifying the approved mix designs intended to be used for that Contract. Letters of intent shall be submitted electronically. The letter of intent shall include the Contract name and number, pay item numbers, and mix design number. Usage of the mix design on Agency contracts will not be authorized without the letter of intent being approved by the Engineer. 646.0 6 WATERBORN E PAINT PAVEMEN T MARKINGS .
a.Application Requirements . Waterborne paint application shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. The material shall be applied in a smooth uniform coat, free from excessively thick or thin film placement. Liquid tanks on paint application equipment shall be equipped with mechanical agitators. Beads shall be conditioned to provide a smooth uniform rate of release. All materials shall be maintained in the condition recommended by the marking manufacturer prior to and at the time o f marking.
1.Mil Thickness . The markings shall be applied at a rate to create a uniform wet film in -place minimum thickness as follows, unless otherwise specified in the Contract:
a.20 mils for pavement constructed under the same Contract as the marking s.
b.15 mils for all other pavement surfaces.
2.Retroreflectivity . Type I optics shall be uniformly applied across the width of the line at a rate of 8 pounds per gallon of paint. The Contractor shall provide the Engineer with the optic drop -on rates of all optic materials and daily binder application rates. 6-182 646.07 EPOXY PAINT .
a.Application Requirements . Epoxy paint application shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Mixing of the epoxy reagents shall be complete prior to the placement of the marking. Failure of the epoxy to set to a hard condition shall be grounds for rejection.
1.Mil Thickness . The markings shall be applied at a rate to create a uniform wet film in -place minimum thickness as follows, unless otherwise sp ecified in the Contract:
a.25 mils for bonded wearing course constructed under the same Contract as the markings.
b.18 mils for all other pavement surfaces.
2.Retroreflectivity .
a.Surface Applied Application . Initial dry retroreflectivity minimums for surface applied epoxy shall be 300 millicandelas per square meter per lux (mcd/m2/lx) for yellow markings and 400 mcd/m2/lx for white markings . For surface applied markings, optics shall be applied in either one or two drops. Type I optics or Type II optics shall be applied at a minimum rate of 12 pounds per gallon .
b.Recessed Application . Initial dry retroreflectivity minimums for recessed epoxy shall be 400 mcd/m2/lx for yellow markings and 600 mcd/m2/lx for white markings per ASTM E1710 . The wet average initial retroreflectivity of the markings shall be 300 mcd/m2/lx for yellow and 375 mcd/m2/lx for white per ASTM E2177 . For recessed markings, optics shall be applied in two drops. The first drop shall include Type III optics and be applied at a minimum rate of 5 pounds per 100 square feet. The second drop shall be Type II optics and be a pplied at a minimum rate of 8 pounds per gallon.
646.08 Polyurea .
a.Application Requirements . Polyurea paint application shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Mixing of the polyurea reagents shall be complete prior to the placement of the marking. Failure of the polyurea to set to a hard condition shall be grounds for rejection. 6-183 (1) Mil Thickness . Polyurea paint shall be applied at a rate to create a uniform wet film in - place minimum thickness as follows, unless otherwis e specified in the Contract:
a.25 mils for bonded wearing course constructed under the same Contract as the markings.
b.18 mils for all other pavement surfaces.
2.Retroreflectivity .
a.Surface Applied Application . Initial dry retroreflectivity minimums for surface - applied polyurea shall be 300 mcd/m2/lx for yellow markings and 400 mcd/m2/lx for white markings. For surface applied markings, optics shall be applied in either one or two drops. Type I or Type II optics shall be applied at a minimum rate of 10 pounds per gallon.
b.Recessed Application . Initial dry retroreflectivity minimums for recessed polyurea shall be 400 mcd/m2/lx for yellow markings and 600 mcd/m2/lx for white markings per ASTM E1710 . The wet average initial retroreflectivity of the markings shall be 300 mcd/m2/lx for yellow and 375 mcd/m2/lx for white per ASTM E2177 . For recessed markings, optics shall be applied in two drops. The first drop shall include Type III optics and be appl ied at a minimum rate of 5 pounds per 100 square feet. The second drop shall be Type II optics and be applied at a minimum rate of 8 pounds per gallon. 646.0 9 EXTRUDE D THERMOPLASTIC . Extruded thermoplastic markings shall be Type A thermoplastic pavement markings meeting the requirements of Subsection 708. 08. The thermoplastic pavement marking compound shall be extruded onto the pavement surface in a molten state. The temperature of the material shall not exceed the manufacturer’s recommended heating temperature or rate of temperature increase. The surface shall be properly prepared for receipt of the marking material, including surface roughness, cleanliness, and moisture levels. The su rface shall be primed when the manufacturer’s recommendations require priming. Following an application of glass beads to the marking surface, and upon cooling to normal pavement temperatures, the resultant marking shall be an adherent retroreflective stri pe of the specified thickness and width that is capable of resisting deformation by traffic. 6-184 (a) Thermoplastic Application Equipment . Thermoplastic application equipment shall be approved by the Engineer prior to the start of work. Thermoplastic material shall be applied to the pavement surface by the extrusion method, wherein the bottom of the extrusion shoe is the pavement and the top and other three sides are contained by, or are part of, suitable equipment for maintaining the tem perature and controlling the flow of material. The fourth side contains the extrusion opening. The ribbon extrusion method will not be permitted for the application of extruded thermoplastic material. The equipment used for the placement of extruded ther moplastic pavement markings shall be of two general types:
1.Mobile Applicator Equipment . The mobile applicator shall be defined as truck -mounted equipment designed to apply thermoplastic by the extrusion method. The unit shall be equipped to apply the t hermoplastic material at temperatures exceeding 400°F, and at the widths and thicknesses specified herein. The mobile unit shall be capable of operating continuously or installing a minimum of 3.8 miles of longitudinal markings in an 8-hour day. The mobil e unit shall be equipped with extrusion shoes and shall be capable of simultaneously marking edge lines or two centerline stripes. The extrusion shoes shall be closed, heat -jacketed or suitably insulated units, and shall hold the molten thermoplastic at a temperature between 400°F and 435°F. The mobile unit shall be capable of extruding a line from 4 inches to 8 inches wide. Material temperature gauges shall be affixed, adjacent to or incorporated in the extrusion shoe, in such a manner as to be visible an d capable of monitoring the composition temperature throughout the marking operation. The mobile unit shall be equipped with an electronic and programmable line pattern control system, or mechanical system, to be capable of applying dashed, dotted, or sol id lines in any sequence and through any extrusion shoe in any cycle length.
2.Portable Applicator Equipment . The portable applicator shall be defined as hand -operated equipment specifically designed for placing thermoplastic installations such as crossw alks, stop bars, legends, arrows, and short lengths of lane lines, edge lines, and centerlines. The portable applicator shall be capable of applying thermoplastic markings by the extrusion method. 6-185 It is intended that the portable applicator will be loa ded with hot thermoplastic composition from the melting kettles or that the material will be melted by an integral melting stack when so equipped. The portable applicator shall be equipped with all the necessary components, including a material storage res ervoir, bead dispenser, extrusion shoe and heating accessories. The portable applicator shall be capable of holding the molten thermoplastic at a temperature of between 400°F and 435°F, and of extruding a line from 4 inches to 8 inches wide in 2 -inch incr ements. Material temperature gauges shall be affixed, adjacent to or incorporated in the extrusion shoe, in such a manner as to be visible and capable of monitoring the composition temperature throughout the marking operation. If a machine, as manufacture d, cannot be equipped with gauges at the extrusion shoe, the Engineer may approve an alternate method of monitoring the composition temperature at the point of deposition.
b.Application Requirements . Bituminous concrete primer shall be applied to pavemen ts older than two years at the application rates and procedures recommended by the thermoplastic material manufacturer. Primer shall be applied under such conditions, at such rates and thicknesses, and of a type as recommended by the thermoplastic material manufacturer.
1.Mil Thickness . All extruded markings shall be applied at the specified width and at a uniform hot film in -place minimum thickness of 105 mils.
2.Retroreflectivity .
a.Surface Applied Application . Initial dry retroreflectivity minimums for surface - applied extruded thermoplastic shall be 300 mcd/m2/lx for yellow markings and 400 mcd/m2/lx for white markings. For surface applied markings, optics shall be applied in either one or two drops. Type I or Type II optics reflective media shall be applied at a minimum rate of 8 pounds per square foot.
b.Recessed Application . Initial dry retroreflectivity minimums for extruded thermoplastic shall be 400 mcd/m2/lx for yellow markings and 600 mcd/m2/lx for white markings per ASTM E1710 . The wet average initial retroreflectivity of the markings shall be 300 mcd/m2/lx for yellow and 375 mcd/m2/lx for white per ASTM E2177 . 6-186 For recessed markings, optics shall be applied in two drops. The first drop shall include Type III optics and be applied at a minimum rate of 5 pounds per 100 square feet. The second drop shall be Type II optics and be applied at a minimum rate of 8 pounds per gallon.
c.Intermix . Type I optics shall be incorporated into the intermix of the thermoplastic composition at a rate of between 30% and 40% by weight of the combined material. 646.1 0 PREFORME D THERMOPLASTIC . Preformed thermoplastic markings shall be Type B thermoplastic pavement markings meeting the requirements of Subsection 708. 08. 646.1 1 PAVEMEN T MARKIN G TAPE .
a.Pavement Marking Tape, Type A . Type A pavement marking tape, when used as a final durable marking, shall be applied in a recess as defined in Subsection 646.1 4, and shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s requirements.
b.Pavement Marking Tape, Type B . Type B pavement marking tape, when used as a final durable marking, shall be applied in a recess as defined in Subsection 646.1 4, and shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s requirements. 646.1 2 TEMPORAR Y PAVEMEN T MARKINGS . Temporary pavement markings are classified as temporary pavement marking tape (removable), pavement marking mask, line striping targets (LSTs), and waterborne paint. All temporary pavement markings shall be maintained at all times at no additional cost. Temporary markings on the wearing course of pa vement shall be temporary pavement marking tape or line striping targets. Paint will not be permitted for use as a temporary marking on the wearing course of pavement. Unless otherwise indicated in the Contract, the Contractor may choose any temporary pavement marking types on all pavement surfaces except for the wearing course.
a.Pavement Marking Tape, Type C . This tape for pavement markings is classified as temporary and is removable and shall be installed in accordance with the manufactur er’s requirements.
b.Pavement Marking Mask . Black or other compatible pavement color pavement marking mask is classified as removable. It shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s requirements.
c.Line Striping Targets . Line striping targ ets are intended to be temporary substitutes for pavement markings. Line striping targets shall be maintained and replaced as needed or as directed by the Engineer, until replaced by another temporary pavement marking or permanent pavement marking. Line st riping targets shall only be used in conjunction with Unsafe to Pass signs. 6-187 Line striping targets of the color shown on the Plans or directed by the Engineer shall be installed as described below or as directed by the Engineer. For solid longitudinal pavement markings, line striping targets shall be placed at 10 -foot intervals. For double centerline markings, line striping targets shall be paired. For dashed pavement markings, line striping targets shall be placed in groups of three spaced at 5 feet, with the groups separated by 30 -foot spaces, or as determined by the Engineer. Line striping targets shall not be used to delineate passing zones on two -lane non -divided highways. Line striping targets shall be installed in accordance with the manufactur er’s requirements. Line striping targets shall not be nailed to the surface. Line striping targets in conjunction with Unsafe to Pass signs shall be used on wearing courses of pavement prior to applying permanent markings. Permanent markings shall be place d within 14 calendar days of the date the segment of wearing course pavement is placed, except that where centerline rumble strips have been installed and fog sealed, line striping targets may remain in place on the centerline for 21 calendar days after placement of the wearing course . Unsafe to Pass signs shall be erected prior to traffic traveling through the work zone. The signs shall be erected on each side of the road 1 ,000 feet into the project limits, and subsequent signs placed at 2 mile intervals.
d.Paint . Temporary paint applied on the base or intermediate courses of pavement shall have a minimum thickness of 8 mils. Type I optics shall be applie d at a rate of 3 pounds per gallon. All paint used for temporary markings shall be held to the same alignment and horizontal control standards as specified in Subsection 646.04 .
646.13 COLORED PAVEMENT MARKINGS . Colored pavement markings shall consist of a green or
other colored surface treatment in accordance with Subsection 754.06 . Colored pavement markings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer ’s recommendations, Subsection 646.04 , and the following requirements.
a.Surface Preparation . Bituminous concrete pavement and Portland cement concrete pavement shall be in place a minimum of 28 calendar days prior to the installation of colored pavement markings. Joints and cracks shall be treated in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations prior to installation. Existing pavement markings shall be removed prior to the placement of new markings, except that waterborne paint markings placed temporarily will not need to be removed. Vacuum -type equipment or equivalent shall be u sed to collect and contain debris generated by cleaning and marking removal. Adjacent and nearby features, including but not limited to pavement markings, shall be covered and protected as needed. 6-188 Following surface preparation, the Contractor shall broom the pavement surface and use compressed air cleaning to remove all residue and debris resulting from the preparation work.
b.Application . Colored pavement markings shall not be applied on existing pavement markings or rumble strips. The Contractor shall remove colored pavement markings applied outside of the specified areas of application , including , but not limited to , material spilled or tracked onto other surfaces. Colored pavement markings shall not be installed temporarily unless otherwise specified.
c.Protection . Colored pavement markings shall be protected from all traffic for a period of time as recommended by the manufacturer or until the marking is sufficiently cured to bear traffic without damage to the marking, tracking, or adhering to vehicl e tires, whichever is longer. 646.1 4 OTHE R RELATE D MARKINGS .
a.Pavement Marking Recess . Recessed pavement markings shall be installed as specified for permanent markings. The recess shall be a uniform depth across the width of the marking. The recess shall be controlled such that the depth meets the requirements of Table 646.1 4A. TABLE 646. 14A – PAVEMENT MARKING RECESS DEPTH Marking Material Recess Depth (mils) Thermoplastic 140 – 160 Polyurea 90 –110 Epoxy 90 –110 Permanent tape As recommended by the manufacturer The bottom of the recess shall have a smooth, flat finished surface. The use of gang -stacked diamond cutting blades or polycrystalline diamond ( PCD) is required for bituminous concrete pavement surfaces. The spacers between blade or PCD cuts shall be such that there will be less than a 10 mil rise in the finished groove between the blades. Recesses shall be clean, dry, and free of laitance, oil, dirt, grease, paint, or any other foreign contaminants prior to application of the pavement markings. The Contrac tor shall re -clean grooves, as necessary, prior to application of any primer or permanent markings. Depth plates shall be provided by the Contractor to ensure that desired groove depth is achieved.
b.Painted Curbs and Islands . Where a painted curb or painted island is called for, the existing curb or island shall be blast cleaned or wire brushed to remove scale, dirt, grass, etc. to the satisfaction of the Engineer, prior to painting. This cleaning work will not be paid for directly but will be considered incidental to the Painted Curb or Painted Island pay item. 6-189 Paint shall be applied at a rate of 100 to 115 square feet per gallon with glass beads applied at a rate of 6 pounds per gallon. All paint shall be applied within th e manufacturer’s allowable application temperatures. Waterborne paint shall be applied by a method in which the liquid material is applied to the curb or island surface and the glass beads are immediately applied to the material and firmly embedded therein , and which shall provide a retroreflective marking, with a night visibility satisfactory to the Engineer. The material shall have a minimum wet film thickness of 15 mils, unless otherwise specified, and be applied in a smooth, uniform coat, free from thin areas or excessively thick films. Type I optics shall be applied uniformly over the entire painted surface area at the specified rate. 646.1 5 SUBSTITUTIO N OF MARKIN G MATERIALS . If durable markings cannot be placed under suitable environmental conditions, paint shall be applied as specified in Subsection 646.06 at no cost to the Agency. Where it can be determined that , through no fault of the Contractor , durable markings cannot be applied under suitable environmental conditions, paint may be applied for durable marking of the types indicated on the Plans where appropriate and as directed by the Engineer. Regardless of the circumstance under which paint is applied after an unsuitable environmental condition s determination, durable markings of the types indicated on the Plans shall be applied as soon as suitable environmental conditions permit during the following spring. These durable markings shall be meas ured and paid for in accordance with Subsection 646.1 8 and Subsection 646.1 9. 646.1 6 ALTERNAT E MARKIN G MATERIALS . If the Contractor wishes to use pavement markings or markers that are not specified in this section, the Contractor shall submit samples, technical data, installation instructions and, if applicable, removal instructions to the Engineer for approval at l east 30 calendar days before the date the markings or markers are to be placed. The Engineer, after consultation with the Materials Manager, will approve or disapprove the use of the submitted products within the 30 calendar day period. The Contractor shou ld be prepared to place approved markings on the proper date, even if the submittal is disapproved. 646.1 7 REMOVA L OF EXISTIN G PAVEMEN T MARKINGS . Existing markings shall be obliterated in such a manner and by such means that a minimum of pavement scars ar e left and all the existing markings are removed, for example by grinding a square or rectangle on the pavement to remove a letter or arrow, or grinding a large rectangle to remove a word so that the outline of the letter, symbol, or word is not ground int o the pavement and therefore still legible even though the marking has been removed. Painting over existing markings is not an acceptable method of removal. The work shall be completed to the satisfaction of the Engineer. Masking of lines in intermediate duration activities shall be completed according to the Plans or as directed by the Engineer. 6-190 646.1 8 METHO D OF MEASUREMENT . The quantity of pavement marking edge lines and centerlines of the types and sizes specified to be measured for payment will be the number of linear feet applied in the complete and accepted work, as measured along the centerline of the pavement stripe. The number of linear feet of open spaces in a dashed or dotted line will not be measured for payment. Temporary pavement markings shall be installed on the pavement and removed in accordance with Subsection 646.04 . When, through no fault of the Contractor, durable markings could not be applied under suitable environmental conditions, and waterborne paint pavement markings were applied on the project as specified in Subsection 646.15 , the quantity to be measured for payment will be the quantity determined per the measure for the durable pavement marking specified, multiplied by a factor of 1.5 to determine the accepted quantity for payment. The quantity of Stop Bar of the type specified to be measur ed for payment will be the number of linear feet applied in the complete and accepted work, as measured along the centerline of the pavement stripe. The quantity of Letter or Symbol of the type specified to be measured for payment will be the number of each unit applied in the complete and accepted work. A unit will consist of one letter or one symbol. For example, the six -letter word “SCHOOL” would be measured as six units , and a handicapped symbol would be measured as one unit. For arrow symbols, each ar row symbol and associated stem shall be paid as one unit. The quantity of Crosswalk Marking of the type specified to be measured for payment will be the number of linear feet applied from curb -to-curb in the complete and accepted work, as measured along th e center of the crosswalk. The quantity of Railroad Crossing Symbol of the type specified to be measured for payment will be the number of each unit applied in the complete and accepted work. A unit will consist of three stop bars, two “Rs,” and one “X” fo r one traffic lane in one direction of travel. The quantity of Line Striping Targets to be measured for payment will be the number of individual targets installed on the pavement and removed in accordance with Subsection 646.04 . The quantity of Painted Cur b to be measured for payment will be the number of linear feet applied in the complete and accepted work, as measured along the centerline of the pavement stripe. The quantity of Painted Island to be measured for payment will be the number of square feet o f the top of an island painted in the complete and accepted work. The quantity of Removal of Existing Pavement Markings to be measured for payment will be the number of square feet of markings removed or total area in square feet of symbol or letter remove d in the complete and accepted work, as determined by the Engineer. 6-191 The quantity of Pavement Marking Mask to be measured for payment will be the number of square feet of existing marking s masked in the complete and accepted work. The quantity of Colored Pavement Markings and Colored Pavement Markings, Green to be measured for payment will be the number of square feet applied in the complete and accepted work. 646.1 9 BASIS OF PAYMENT . The accepted quantity of pavement marking edge lines and centerlines of the types and sizes specified will be paid for at the Contract unit price s per linear foot. The accepted quantity of waterborne paint pavement markings of the types and sizes specified per Subsection 646.06 and measured for payment will be paid for at the corresponding Contract unit price s for Temporary Pavement Markings. The accepted quantity of Stop Bar of the type specified will be paid for at the Cont ract unit price per linear foot. The accepted quantity of Letter or Symbol of the type specified will be paid for at the Contract unit price per each unit. The accepted quantity of Crosswalk Marking of the type specified will be paid for at the Contract unit price per linear foot. The accepted quantity of Railroad Crossing Symbol of the type specified will be paid for at the Contract unit price per each unit. The accepted quantity of Painted Curb will be paid for at the Contract unit price per linear foot. The accepted quantity of Painted Island will be paid for at the Contract unit price per square foot. Payment will be full compensation for furnishing, transporting, handling, assembling, and placing the material specified and for furnishing all labor, tool s, equipment, and incidentals necessary to complete the work. The Contract unit price for recessed pavement marking items will also include all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary for the placement of the recess and any necessary cleaning, d rying, or conditioning of the recess prior to placement of the marking. The Contract unit price for liquid pavement marking items shall include all costs associated with Type I , Type II , and Type III optics . Reflective media will not be paid for directly but will be considered incidental to the pavement marking items in the Contract. 6-192 The Contract unit price for temporary pavement markings, including tape, paint, and line striping targets, as specified in Subsection 646.12 , shall include all cost s for maintaining marking capability for interim pavement markings, and all costs for removal. The accepted quantity of Line Striping Targets will be paid for at the Contract unit price for each. Payment will be full compensation for furnishing; transport ing; handling; installing and removing the LSTs; installing and removing Unsafe to Pass signs, posts, and sleeves; and for furnishing all labor, tools, equipment, and incidentals necessary to complete the work. Line striping targets replaced at the directi on of the Engineer within the first 14 calendar days, or 21 calendar days for centerline line striping targets in areas where centerline rumble strips were installed and fog sealed, shall be paid for at the Contract unit price for each. If line striping ta rgets remain in place on the roadway for longer than 14 or 21 calendar days, as applicable, no payment will be made for the Contract item Line Striping Targets. The accepted quantity of Removal of Existing Pavement Markings will be paid for at the Contract unit price per square foot. Payment will be full compensation for removing the markings and for furnishing all labor, tools, equipment, and incidentals necessary to complete the work. The accepted quantity of Pavement Marking Mask will be paid for at the Contract unit price per square foot. Payment will be full compensation for obliterating existing markings with a masking material, for removing the masking material when it is no longer required as directed by the Engineer, and for furnishing all labor, t ools, equipment, and incidentals necessary to complete the work. The accepted quantity of Colored Pavement Markings and Colored Pavement Markings, Green will be paid for at the Contract unit price per square foot. Payment will be full compensation for removal of existing pavement markings, surface preparation, furnishing, transporting, handling, assembling, and placing the materials specified, and for furnishing all labor, tools, equipment, and incidentals necessary to complete the work . The Contractor is responsible for supplying necessary materials and equipment recommended by the manufacturer to determine the surface moisture condition of the pavement. The costs for supplying this material and equipment will be paid for under the appr opriate Section 631 Contract item. Payment will be made under: Pay Item Pay Unit 646.2010 4 Inch White Line, Waterborne Paint ................................ ........................ Linear Foot 646.2111 4 Inch Yellow Line, Waterborne Paint ................................ ...................... Linear Foot 646.2141 6 Inch White Line, Waterborne Paint ................................ ........................ Linear Foot 646.2151 6 Inch Yellow Line, Waterborne Paint ................................ ...................... Linear Foot 6-193 Pay Item Pay Unit 646.2210 8 Inch White Line, Waterborne Paint ................................ ........................ Linear Foot 646.2310 8 Inch Yellow Line, Waterborne Paint ................................ ...................... Linear Foot 646.2410 12 Inch White Line, Waterborne Paint ................................ ...................... Linear Foot 646.2510 12 Inch Yellow Line, Waterborne Paint ................................ .................... Linear Foot 646.2610 24 Inch Stop Bar, Waterborne Paint ................................ .......................... Linear Foot 646.3010 Letter or Symbol, Waterborne Paint ................................ ......................... Each 646.3110 Crosswalk Marking, Waterborne Paint ................................ ..................... Linear Foot 646.3210 Rai lroad Crossing Symbol, Waterborne Paint ................................ .......... Each 646.4020 Durable 4 Inch White Line, Thermoplastic ................................ .............. Linear Foot 646.4030 Durable 4 Inch White Line, Epoxy Paint ................................ .................. Linear Foot 646.4040 Durable 4 Inch White Line, Polyurea ................................ ....................... Linear Foot 646.4060 Durable 4 Inch Whit e Line, Recessed Polyurea ................................ .......Linear Foot 646.4071 Durable 4 Inch White Line, Recessed Type A Tape ................................ ..Linear Foot 646.4072 Durable 4 Inch White Line, Recessed Type B Tape ................................ .Linear Foot 646.4080 Durable 4 Inch White Line, Recessed Thermoplastic ............................... Linear Foot 646.4090 Durable 4 Inch White Line, Recessed Epoxy Paint ................................ ..Linear Foot 646.4120 Durable 4 Inch Yellow Line, Thermoplastic ................................ ............. Linear Foot 646.4130 Durable 4 Inch Yellow Line, Epoxy Paint ................................ ................ Linear Foot 646.4140 Durable 4 Inch Yellow Line, Polyurea ................................ ...................... Linear Foot 646.4160 Durable 4 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Polyurea ................................ ......Linear Foot 646.4171 Durable 4 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Type A Tape ................................ Linear Foot 646.4172 Durable 4 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Type B Tape ................................ Linear Foot 646.4180 Durable 4 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Thermoplastic ............................. Linear Foot 646.4190 Durable 4 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Epoxy Paint ................................ Linear Foot 646.4220 Durable 6 Inch White Line, Thermoplastic ................................ .............. Linear Foot 646.4230 Durable 6 Inch White Line, Epoxy Paint ................................ .................. Linear Foot 646.4240 Durable 6 Inch White Line , Polyurea ................................ ....................... Linear Foot 646.4260 Durable 6 Inch White Line, Recessed Polyurea ................................ .......Linear Foot 646.4271 Durable 6 Inch White Line, Recessed Type A Tape ................................ ..Linear Foot 646.4272 Durable 6 Inch White Line, Recessed Type B Tape ................................ .Linear Foot 646.4280 Durable 6 Inch W hite Line, Recessed Thermoplastic ............................... Linear Foot 646.4290 Durable 6 Inch White Line, Recessed Epoxy Paint ................................ ..Linear Foot 646.4320 Durable 6 Inch Yellow Line, Thermoplastic ................................ ............. Linear Foot 646.4330 Durable 6 Inch Yellow Line, Epoxy Paint ................................ ................ Linear Foot 646.4340 Dura ble 6 Inch Yellow Line, Polyurea ................................ ...................... Linear Foot 6-194 Pay Item Pay Unit 646.4360 Durable 6 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Polyurea ................................ ......Linear Foot 646.4371 Durable 6 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Type A Tape ................................ Linear Foot 646.4372 Durable 6 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Type B Tape ................................ Linear Foot 646.4380 Durable 6 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Thermoplastic ............................. Linear Foot 646.4390 Durable 6 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Epoxy Paint ................................ Linear Foot 646.4420 Durable 8 Inch White Line, Thermoplastic ................................ .............. Linear Foot 646.4430 Durabl e 8 Inch White Line, Epoxy Paint ................................ .................. Linear Foot 646.4440 Durable 8 Inch White Line, Polyurea ................................ ....................... Linear Foot 646.4460 Durable 8 Inch White Line, Recessed Polyurea ................................ .......Linear Foot 646.4471 Durable 8 Inch White Line, Recessed Type A Tape ................................ ..Linear Foot 646.4472 Durabl e 8 Inch White Line, Recessed Type B Tape ................................ .Linear Foot 646.4480 Durable 8 Inch White Line, Recessed Thermoplastic ............................... Linear Foot 646.4490 Durable 8 Inch White Line, Recessed Epoxy Paint ................................ ..Linear Foot 646.4520 Durable 8 Inch Yellow Line, Thermoplastic ................................ ............. Linear F oot 646.4530 Durable 8 Inch Yellow Line, Epoxy Paint ................................ ................ Linear Foot 646.4540 Durable 8 Inch Yellow Line, Polyurea ................................ ...................... Linear Foot 646.4560 Durable 8 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Polyurea ................................ ......Linear Foot 646.4571 Durable 8 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Type A Tape ................................ Linear Foot 646.4572 Durable 8 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Type B Tape ................................ Linear Foot 646.4580 Durable 8 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Thermoplastic ............................. Linear Foot 646.4590 Durable 8 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Epoxy Paint ................................ Linear Foot 646.4620 Durable 12 Inch White L ine, Thermoplastic ................................ ............ Linear Foot 646.4630 Durable 12 Inch White Line, Epoxy Paint ................................ ................ Linear Foot 646.4640 Durable 12 Inch White Line, Polyurea ................................ ..................... Linear Foot 646.4660 Durable 12 Inch White Line, Recessed Polyurea ................................ .....Linear Foot 646.4671 Durable 12 Inch White Line, Recessed Type A Tape ................................ Linear Foot 646.4672 Durable 12 Inch White Line, Recessed Type B Tape ............................... Linear Foot 646.4680 Durable 12 Inch White Line, Recessed Thermoplastic ............................. Linear Foot 646.4690 Durable 12 Inch White Line, Recessed Epoxy Paint ................................ Linear Foot 646.4720 Durable 12 Inch Yellow Line, Thermoplastic ................................ ........... Linear Foot 646.4730 Durable 12 Inch Yellow Line, Epoxy Paint ................................ .............. Linear Foot 646.4740 Durable 12 Inch Yellow Line, Polyurea ................................ .................... Linear Foot 646.4760 Durable 12 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Polyurea ................................ ....Linear Foot 646.4771 Durable 12 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Type A Tape .............................. Linear Foot 646.4772 Durable 12 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Type B Tape .............................. Linear Foot 646.4780 Durable 12 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Thermoplastic ........................... Linear Foot 646.4790 Durable 12 Inch Yellow Line, Recessed Epoxy Paint .............................. Linear Foot 6-195 Pay Item Pay Unit 646.4820 Durable 24 Inch Stop Bar, Thermoplastic ................................ ................. Linear Foot 646.4830 Durable 24 Inch Stop Bar, Epoxy Paint ................................ .................... Linear Foot 646.4840 Durable 24 Inch Stop Bar, Polyurea ................................ ......................... Linear Foot 646.4860 Durable 24 I nch Stop Bar, Recessed Polyurea ................................ ......... Linear Foot 646.4871 Durable 24 Inch Stop Bar, Recessed Type A Tape ................................ ....Linear Foot 646.4872 Durable 24 Inch Stop Bar, Recessed Type B Tape ................................ ....Linear Foot 646.4880 Durable 24 Inch Stop Bar, Recessed Thermoplastic ................................ .Linear Foot 646.4890 Durable 24 Inch Stop Bar, Recessed Epoxy Paint ................................ ....Linear Foot 646.4920 Durable Letter or Symbol, Thermoplastic ................................ ................ Each 646.4930 Durable Letter or Symbol, Epoxy Paint ................................ .................... Each 646.4940 Durable Letter or Symbol, Polyurea ................................ ......................... Each 646.4960 Durable Letter or S ymbol, Recessed Polyurea ................................ ......... Each 646.4971 Durable Letter or Symbol, Recessed Type A Tape ................................ ...Each 646.4972 Durable Letter or Symbol, Recessed Type B Tape ................................ ...Each 646.4980 Durable Letter or Symbol, Recessed Thermoplastic ................................ Each 646.4990 Durable Letter or Symbol, Re cessed Epoxy Paint ................................ ....Each 646.5020 Durable Crosswalk Marking, Thermoplastic ................................ ............ Linear Foot 646.5030 Durable Crosswalk Marking, Epoxy Paint ................................ ............... Linear Foot 646.5040 Durable Crosswalk Marking, Polyurea ................................ ..................... Linear Foot 646.5060 Durable Crosswalk Marking, Recessed Poly urea ................................ .....Linear Foot 646.5071 Durable Crosswalk Marking, Recessed Type A Tape ............................... Linear Foot 646.5072 Durable Crosswalk Marking, Recessed Type B Tape ............................... Linear Foot 646.5080 Durable Crosswalk Marking, Recessed Thermoplastic ............................ Linear Foot 646.5090 Durable Crosswalk Marking, Recessed Epoxy Paint ............................... Linear Foot 646.5120 Durable Railroad Crossing Symbol, Thermoplastic ................................ .Each 646.5130 Durable Railroad Crossing Symbol, Epoxy Paint ................................ .....Each 646.5140 Durable Railroad Crossing Symbol, Polyurea ................................ .......... Each 646.5160 Durable Railroad Cros sing Symbol, Recessed Polyurea .......................... Each 646.5171 Durable Railroad Crossing Symbol, Recessed Type A Tape .................... Each 646.5172 Durable Railroad Crossing Symbol, Recessed Type B Tape .................... Each 646.5180 Durable Railroad Crossing Symbol, Recessed Thermoplastic ................. Each 646.5190 Durable Railroad Crossing Symbol, Recessed Epoxy Paint ..................... Each 646.6000 Temporary 4 Inch White Line ................................ ................................ ...Linear Foot 646.6012 Temporary 4 Inch White Line, Type C Tape ................................ ............. Linear Foot 646.6020 Temporary 4 Inch White Line, Paint ................................ ......................... Linear Foot 646.6100 Temporary 4 Inch Yellow Line ................................ ................................ .Linear Foot 646.6112 Temporary 4 Inch Yellow Line, Type C Tape ................................ ........... Linear Foot 646.6120 Temporary 4 Inch Yellow Line, Paint ................................ ....................... Linear Foot 6-196 Pay Item Pay Unit 646.6200 Temporary 6 Inch White Line ................................ ................................ ...Linear Foot 646.6212 Temporary 6 Inch White Line, Type C Tape ................................ ............. Linear Foot 646.6220 Temporary 6 Inch White Line, Paint ................................ ......................... Linear Foot 646.6300 Temporary 6 Inch Yellow Line ................................ ................................ .Linear Foot 646.6312 Temporary 6 Inch Yellow Line, Type C Tape ................................ ........... Linear Foot 646.6320 Temporary 6 Inch Yellow Line, Pai nt ................................ ....................... Linear Foot 646.6400 Temporary 8 Inch White Line ................................ ................................ ...Linear Foot 646.6412 Temporary 8 Inch White Line, Type C Tape ................................ ............. Linear Foot 646.6420 Temporary 8 Inch White Line, Paint ................................ ......................... Linear Foot 646.6500 Temporary 8 Inch Yellow Line ................................ ................................ .Linear Foot 646.6512 Temporary 8 Inch Yellow Line, Type C Tape ................................ ........... Linear Foot 646.6520 Temporary 8 Inch Yellow Line, Paint ................................ ....................... Linear Foot 646.6600 Temporary 12 Inch White Line ................................ ................................ .Linear Foot 646.6612 Temporary 12 Inch White Line, Type C Tape ................................ ........... Linear Foot 646.6620 Temporary 12 Inch White Line, Paint ................................ ....................... Linear Foot 646.6700 Temporary 12 Inch Yellow Line ................................ ............................... Linear Foot 646.6712 Temporary 12 Inch Yellow Line, Type C Tape ................................ ......... Linear Foot 646.6720 Temporary 12 Inch Yellow Line, Paint ................................ ..................... Linear Foot 646.6800 Temporary 24 Inch Stop Bar ................................ ................................ .....Linear Foot 646.6812 Temporary 24 Inch Stop Bar, Type C Tape ................................ ............... Linear Foot 646.6820 Temporary 24 Inch Stop Bar, Paint ................................ ........................... Linear Foot 646.6900 Temporary Letter or Symbol ................................ ................................ .....Each 646.6912 Temporary Letter or Symbol, Type C Tape ................................ ............... Each 646.6920 Temporary Letter or Symbol, Pai nt ................................ ........................... Each 646.7000 Temporary Crosswalk Marking ................................ ................................ Linear Foot 646.7012 Temporary Crosswalk Marking, Type C Tape ................................ .......... Linear Foot 646.7020 Temporary Crosswalk Marking, Paint ................................ ...................... Linear Foot 646.7100 Temporary Railroad Crossing Symbol ................................ ...................... Each 646.711 2 Temporary Railroad Crossing Symbol, Type C Tape ................................ Each 646.7120 Temporary Railroad Crossing Symbol, Paint ................................ ........... Each
646.76 00 Line Striping Targets ................................ ................................ ................ Each
646.81 00 Painted Curb ................................ ................................ .............................. Linear Foot
646.82 00 Painted Island ................................ ................................ ............................ Square Foo t
646.85 00 Removal of Existing Pavement Markings ................................ ................ Square Foot
646.86 00 Pavement Marking Mask ................................ ................................ .......... Square Foot
646.9000 Colored Pavement Markings ................................ ................................ .....Square Foot 646.9001 Colored Pavement Markings, Green ................................ ......................... Square Foot 6-197 SECTIO N 649 – GEOTEXTIL E FABRIC 649.0 1 DESCRIPTION . This work shall consist of furnishing and placing geotextiles in underdrain trenches, under embankment s, for embankment reinforcement, under riprap and stone fill, behind retaining structures, over roadbed subgrade s, between railbed and roadbed subgrade s, and beneath pavement overlays. 649.0 2 MATERIALS . Materials shall meet the requirements of the following subsection s: Geotextile for Roadbed Separator ................................ ................................ .............. 720.02 Geotextile Under Railroad Ballast ................................ ................................ ............. 720.03 Geotextile Under Stone Fill ................................ ................................ ....................... 720.04 Geotextile for Underdrain Trench Lining ................................ ................................ ..720.05 Geotextiles shall conform to the following:
a.Where sewn seams are used, the Contractor shall furnish the manufacturer’s wide strip tensile test results as part of the certification . The results must verify that the seam meets or exceeds the specified average minimum roll values for the grab tensile strength of the geotextiles, or wide strip tensile strength for reinforcement applications.
b.Field seams, where used, shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. 649.0 3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS . The rolls of geotextile shall be protected against damage and deterioration until incorporated into the project . The geotextile shall be dry at the time of installation. The geotextile will be rejected if, at the time of installation, it has defects, det erioration, or damage as determined by the Engineer. 649.0 4 INSTALLATION .
a.General Requirements . The surface receiving the geotextile shall be prepared to a smooth condition, free of obstructions, depressions, and debris, unless otherwise directed by the Engineer . The geotextile shall not be dragged on the ground or mishandled in any way. The geotextile shall be placed loosely and without wrinkles so that placement of the overlying material will not tear the geotextile. The geotextile shall be lapped as specified at the ends and sides of adjoining sheets. In addition to the above general requirements, the following specific requirements shall be followed for the specified application:
Source: Vermont Standard Specifications for Construction, 2024 Edition. Pages 948–970 of 1,380.