826 711.40.1 -Color and Retroreflectivity Requirements: The Contractor may retest any areas or sections reported as being def icient, in the presence of a project inspector, in order to verify the deficiency of the areas or sections. However, the final decision in regards to requiring re -striping shall be at the Project Engineers discretion. Color : After the application of the glass beads or other retroreflective elements, each color installed shall fall within the boundaries created by the following CIE Chromaticity Coordinate Limits within three (3) and up to thirty (30) days after application: COLOR CIE CH ROMATICITY COORDINATE LIMITS 1 2 3 4 X Y X Y X Y X Y White 0.480 0.410 0.430 0.380 0.405 0.405 0.455 0.435 Yellow 0.575 0.425 0.508 0.415 0.473 0.453 0.510 0.490 Retroreflectivity : The markings shall be visibly retroreflective, under both dry conditions and conditions of moderate rainfall, within three (3) and up to thirty (30) days after application. The markings shall be readily visible when viewed with automobile headlights at night. Markings not meeting the above visual criteria shall be subject to replacement by the Contractor at no additional charge to the Division. If necessary, retroreflectivity readings representing an adequate sampling, to be determined by the Project Engineer, may be performed by Division personnel. Readings shall be taken with an LTL 2000, or approved equal, hand held Retroreflectometer. The markings shall have a minimum re troreflective reading of 150 mc/1x/m² within three (3) and up to thirty (30) days after application. A 5% tolerance with the stated minimum required retroreflectivity values shall be allowed when tested with a hand held retroreflectometer.
711.40.2 MAP-21 Section 1504 Requirements: Reflective elements that are
manufactured using glass and that are applied to temporary traffic zone paint shall meet all applicable state and federal requirements pertaining to materials content. Specifically, such elemen ts shall meet the requirements of Section 1504 of MAP -21. Prior to application of the markings, the Contractor shall provide certifications of compliance with Section 1504 of MAP -21 for all applicable reflective elements. These certifications shall be fro m each supplier of applicable reflective elements to be used on the project, and shall identify the reflective elements being used on the project by stating the identifier used by the supplier(s), such as the product name(s) or product code number(s). Each supplier’s certification shall be accompanied by a certification(s) from an independent testing laboratory. The lab certification(s) shall certify that a representative sample of the supplier’s product(s) has been tested, and that the product(s) meets the requirements of Section 1504 of MAP -21. The lab certification(s) shall provide clear indication that the products tested include the product(s) specified by the supplier(s) in their certification letter(s), and shall indicate the date(s) that the testing was performed. The date of testing for each product shall be one (1) year or less prior to the letting date of the Contract. The representative sample(s) tested are not required to be from the same batch or lot number assigned to the reflective elements us ed on the project. 827 711.41 -WHITE OR YELLOW FAST -DRY TRAFFIC PAINT (TYPE II ):
711.41.1 General: The pavement marking material shall be formul ated as a medium -life
pavement marking system capable of providing a minimum of one year of continuous performance. Solvent born paint, methyl methacrylate, chlorinated rubber, or other short duration products will be not approved. The composition of th e paint shall be left to the discretion of the pavement marking manufacturer. The Contractor shall provide a pavement marking system to meet the performance requirements specified herein. During the pavement marking warranty period, the pavement marking materials furnished and installed shall show no loss greater than five percent (5%) due to tracking, chipping, spalling, poor adhesion to the pavement, and damage from traffic and normal wear. Loss due to pavement failure, unless caused by the marking ma terial, will not be considered as a material failure and will not be included in the loss calculations and/or retroreflectivity readings. There shall be no materials testing associated with the application of warranted pavement marking. However, the bin der, bead type(s), application rate, and all other particulars shall be provided to the Engineer. The pavement marking material shall be mixed uniformly throughout and shall have a homogeneous dispersement of color and beads when applied to the pavement. The material shall have a uniformly thick cross -section through its entire length. An appropriate pavement marking material shall be used such that the ambient air temperature at the time of application is within the recommended ambient air application temperatures specified by the material manufacturer. Section 663 specifies that the Contractor shall be required to apply an appropriate Type II material at temperatures as low as thirty -five degrees Fahrenheit (35°F) . The warranty and performance crite ria of this specification shall apply to Type II markings placed on or after April 15th and prior to November 1st. Markings placed prior to April 15th, and on or after November 1st shall be required to meet the specified warranty performance requirements a t the time of application only.
711.41.2 Color and Retroreflectivity Requirements: The Contractor may retest any
areas or sections reported as being deficient, in the presence of a project inspector, in order to verify the deficiency of the areas or sections. However, the final decision in regards to requiring re -striping shall be at the Project Engineers discretion. Color : After the application of the glass beads or other retroreflective elements, each color installed shall fall within the boundaries created by the following : COLOR CIE CHROMATICITY COORDINATE LIMITS 1 2 3 4 X Y X Y X Y X Y White 0.480 0.410 0.430 0.380 0.405 0.405 0.455 0.435 Yellow 0.575 0.425 0.508 0.415 0.473 0.453 0.510 0.490 The color shall show no appreciable discoloration due to aging during the warranty period of this pavement marking. Pavement markings shall be visually checked by the Engineer at any time during the warranty period of this pavement marking. 828 Additionally, the Engineer may at an y time during the warranty period of this marking use a portable colorometer to determine if the markings have faded or darkened beyond the above described CIE Chromaticity Coordinate Limits. The Colormeter used shall be a LTL -Y or other hand held colorme ter device approved by the Division. Retroreflectivity : Markings installed on or after April 15th and prior to November 1st shall maintain a minimum retroreflectivity value of 200 mcd/m2/lx for white pavement markings and 150 mcd/m2/lx for yellow pavem ent markings through October 31st. Readings shall be taken with a LTL -X, or Traffic Engineering Division approved equal, 30 meter geometry retroreflectometer. A 5% tolerance with the stated minimum required retroreflectivity values shall be allowed when tested with a hand held retroreflectometer. A 15% tolerance with the stated minimum required retroreflectivity values shall be allowed when tested with a mobile retroreflectometer.
711.41.3 Sampling and Testing Procedures for Performance Samples: The Division
may conduct periodic pavement marking reviews throughout the warranty period of the markings. These reviews will occur at any time up to one (1) year after the markings have been placed. These reviews will evaluate the pavement marking material within the project limits for either day and night acceptability considering all requirements listed above. The following method will be used to measure the retroreflectivity and color acceptance of the pavement marking material:
1.Locate and identify the s tarting point for measuring retroreflectivity of pavement markings for a roadway. Obtain five readings per line over a 1000 foot length of each line and calculate the average reading. Repeat this procedure at each mile point in the project, taking 5 read ings per line over a 1000 foot section (500 feet on either side of the mile point), and averaging. Samples should be spaced out evenly over the entire 1000 foot section.
2.From each failed mile point, obtain an additional five readings for each failed line at a point 1/2 mile in each direction from the original failure point. Obtain five readings per line over a 1000 foot length of each line and calculate the average reading.
3.If the readings at either 1/2 mile point from the original failure point fail, th e Contractor shall be required to re -stripe the entire 1/2 mile section between the original failure point and the failed 1/2 mile point.
4.If the readings at either 1/2 mile point from the original failed point pass, the Contractor shall be required to re -stripe a distance of ¼ mile from the original failed point in the direction of the passing ½ mile point.
5.No readings shall be required to be taken between successive failing mile points and successive passing mile points. The Contractor shall be required to re-stripe the entire 1 - mile section between successive failing mile points.
6.If a project is less than one -mile in length, but longer than ½ mile, 20 readings shall be taken for each line, spaced out evenly over the length of the project, and averaged to determine if each line is required to be re -striped. If a project is ½ mile or less in length, 10 readings shall be taken for each line, spaced out evenly over the length of the project, and averaged to determine if each line is required to be re -striped.
711.41.4 MAP -21 Section 1504 Requirements: Reflective elements that are
manufactured using glass and that are applied to Type II traffic paint shall meet all applicable state and federal requirements pertaining to materials content. Specifically, such elements shall 829 meet the requirements of Section 1504 of MAP -21. Prior to application of the markings, the Contractor shall provide certifications of compliance with Section 1504 of MAP -21 for all applicable reflective elements. These cer tifications shall be from each supplier of applicable reflective elements to be used on the project, and shall identify the reflective elements being used on the project by stating the identifier used by the supplier(s), such as the product name(s) or prod uct code number(s). Each supplier’s certification shall be accompanied by a certification(s) from an independent testing laboratory. The lab certification(s) shall certify that a representative sample of the supplier’s product(s) has been tested, and that the product(s) meets the requirements of Section 1504 of MAP -21. The lab certification(s) shall provide clear indication that the products tested include the product(s) specified by the supplier(s) in their certification letter(s), and shall indicate the d ate(s) that the testing was performed. The date of testing for each product shall be one (1) year or less prior to the letting date of the Contract. The representative sample(s) tested are not required to be from the same batch or lot number assigned to th e reflective elements used on the project. 830 SECTION 712 GUARDRAIL AND FENCE 712.1 through 712.3: Blank 712.4 -GALVANIZED STEEL DEEP BEAM GUARDRAIL, FASTENERS AND ANCHOR BOLTS : Galvanized steel deep beam guardrail, fasteners and anchor bolts shall conform to AASHTO M 180, Type II, Class A. 712.5 -ZINC -ALUMINUM -MAGNESI UM ALLOY COATING GUARDRAIL, FASTENERS AND ANCHOR BOLTS : Zinc-aluminum -magnesium alloy -coating deep beam guardrail shall conform to AASHTO M 180, Type V or VI, Class A. 712.6 through 712.7: Blank 712.8 -CHAIN -LINK FENCE : Chain -link fence shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 181. Fen ce height, gage and details shall be as specified on the Plans. 712.9 -ZINC -COATED (GALVANIZED) IRON OR STEEL FARM -FIELD AND RAILROAD RIGHT -OF-WAY WIRE FENCING : This fencing shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 279 and details shown on the Plans. Either of the following styles and coating classes may be used.
1.Style 1047 -6-9 with Class 1 coating
2.Style 1047 -6-11 with Class 3 coating Zinc coating for miscellaneous steel fittings and hardware shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 232. Zinc coating for clips used for securing fence or wire shall conform to AASHTO M 279, Class 1 coating.
712.10 Coated Steel Barbed Wire :
Barbed wire shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 280, Class 1.
712.11 Safety Fence :
Safety Fence shall be orange in color, commercially manufactured from UV stabilized high-density polyethylene or a suitable substitute approved by the Engineer. 831 SECTION 713 METAL PIPE 713.1 : Blank 713.2 -METALLIC COATED CORRUGATED STEEL PIPE AND PIPE ARCH : Metallic coated corrugated steel pipe and pipe arch shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 36 for Type I and Type II pipe. Special sections, suc h as elbows, for these conduits shall be of the same gage as the conduit to which they are jointed, and shall conform to the applicable requirements of AASHTO M 36. 713.3 -ASPHALT COATED CORRUGATED STEEL PIPE AND PIPE ARCH : Asphalt coated corrugated steel pipe, pipe arches, coupling bands, elbows, and other special sections shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 190. Coating and invert paving shall be of the type specified. 713.4 through 713.17: Blank
713.18 Aluminum Alloy Structural Plate for Box Culvert :
Box culvert and the bolts and nuts for connecting plates shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 219. 713.19: Blank
713.20 End Sections for Corrugated Steel Pipe and Pipe Arches :
End sections for corrugated iron or steel pipe and pipe arches shall be of the thickness recommended by the manufacturer, and they shal l conform to the applicable requirements of AASHTO M 36 and the details shown on the Plans.
713.21 through 713.23: Blank
713.24 Aluminum Coated Corrugated Steel Pipe and Pipe Arch :
These conduits shall conform to AASHTO M 36 requirements for aluminum coated or aluminum -zinc coated corrugated steel pipe and pipe arch.
Source: West Virginia Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2023 Edition. Pages 848–853 of 1,006.