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EARTHWORK

205BORROW EXCAVATION

PA · 2026 Standard Specifications✓ Full text on BuildSpecBook pages 149–0 Save this section

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205.1DESCRIPTION—This work is the excavation or obtaining embankment material from borrow areas

acquired as specified in Section 105.14, or from other sources for construction of embankments or backfills. Borrow excavation includes Common Borrow Excavation, Foreign Borrow Excavation, Selected Borrow Excavation, and Selected Borrow Excavation for Structure Backfill described as follows:

(a)Common Borrow Excavation. Excavation of suitable material as specified in Section 206.2 from

borrow areas that can be measured before and after excavation. Common Borrow Excavation also includes the removal of topsoil from borrow areas and stockpiling as specified in Section 801.

(b)Foreign Borrow Excavation. Excavation of or obtaining satisfactory material as specified in Section

206.2 from sources outside the limits of the project that cannot be measured before and after excavation.

(c)Selected Borrow Excavation. Excavation of or obtaining material used in specific items of work

and designated by quality, size, and/or gradation, and if indicated as specified in Section 206.2 (a).1.d, Section 703.1, Section 703.2 or Section 850.2(a) from sources outside the limits of the project that cannot be measured before and after excavation.

(d)Selected Borrow Excavation for Structure Backfill. Excavation or obtaining material used for

structure backfill as specified in Section 205.2, as shown on the Standard drawings, and as indicated.

205.2MATERIAL—Supply materials only of the following types for Selected Borrow Excavation for Structure

Backfill as indicated:

(a)AASHTO No. 1 , No. 3, No. 5 , No. 57, or PennDOT 2A ( only when specified for scour resiliency

considerations) Coarse Aggregate, meeting at least Type C quality requirements and as specified in Section 703.2, Table B and 703.2(c) Table C; R-3 Rock Lining, as specified in Section 850.2(a).

205.3CONSTRUCTION—

(a)General. If project excavation is insufficient to complete the embankments or backfills, or does not

meet the physical requirements, obtain material to complete the work. Do not use material from borrow excavation until all suitable and available project excavation is used, unless otherwise directed. If suitable material is available on the project, the Representative may, upon request, authorize in writing the widening of areas adjacent to slopes to obtain a portion or all of the excavation in place of borrow excavation, as shown on the Standard Drawings. The Contractor may waste suitable material and replace it with common borrow after obtaining written authorization from the District Executive and making satisfactory arrangements for obtaining cross-sections of borrow and waste areas and the satisfactory disposal of the waste material. Haul material from borrow excavation of other sources for placement in embankment or for backfill. Restore borrow areas as specified in Section 105.14.

(b)Common Borrow Areas. When common borrow areas are required, obtain from areas as specified in

Section 105.14. Clear and grub the borrow site as specified in Section 201, and remove topsoil. Notify the Representative at least 2 weeks before removing any suitable material, to sample, test, and take cross-sections.

(c)Foreign and/or Selected Borrow Excavation. When foreign or selected borrow excavation is

required, do not begin operations until the material and placement sequence is accepted in writing and an Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Plan is accepted by the County Conservation District and/or the DEP and by the Representative, as applicable.

(d)Selected Borrow Excavation for Structure Backfill. Construct structure backfill behind bridge

abutments and adjacent to structures with Selected Borrow Excavation, as shown on the Standard Drawings and as specified in Sections 1001.3(q)2.b. Material requirements for structure backfill are shown on the Standard Drawings. Compact with equipment for the material classification and placement condition as specified in Section 206.3(b) and as shown on the Standard Drawings. Do not place rock where deep foundations are to be installed.

205.4MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT—

(a)Common Borrow Excavation. Cubic Yard

Measured as specified in Section 203.4(a)2 based on cross-sections of the borrow area. The Department will not pay for material removed before measurements are taken. Additional material obtained within project limits as specified in Section 205.3(a), used in place of borrow excavation will be measured and paid for as specified in the preceding paragraph. However, the Department will make payment at the lower contract unit price for either Class 1 Excavation or B orrow Excavation of the type indicated. The Department will not pay for common borrow required to replace suitable excavated material wasted for contractor convenience, error, or oversight.

(b)Foreign Borrow Excavation. Cubic Yard

Measured as compacted material in completed embankments.

(c)Selected Borrow Excavation. For the type indicated, and as follows:
1.Volume Basis. Cubic Yard

Measured in place as compacted material, using the average end-area method.

2.Weight Basis. Ton
(d)Selected Borrow Excavation for Structure Backfill. Cubic Yard.

Measured as compacted material in the completed embankments.

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Source: Publication 408 Highway Construction Specifications, 2026 Edition. Pages 149–0 of 1,522. View official source ↗

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