B
HomeLibrariesCopilotSearchProjectsBookmarks
FeedbackHelp Desk
Libraries
Building Codes
Code LibraryIBC — BuildingIRC — ResidentialIFC — FireIPC — PlumbingIMC — MechanicalIFGC — Fuel GasIECC — EnergyNEC — ElectricalModel Codes
Specifications
CSI SpecificationsDOT SpecsTransit SpecsUSACE
Standards
TransportationRailroadFire SafetyAccessibilityStructural
Tools & References
DiagramsAssembliesProductsCalculatorsChecklistsPermits
PricingLog in
Earthwork (200-299)

205BORROW EXCAVATION

PA · 2026 Standard SpecificationsBook pages 158162View official source ↗

207.1 207.3(a) 207 – 1

207.1DESCRIPTION —This work is excavation of rock using controlled blasting and production blasting

to achieve a uniform face in the rock along the plane of the specified excavation back slope .

(a)Controlled Blasting. Blasting that use explosives and proper blasting equipment placed in carefully

spaced and aligned blastholes to produce a uniform surface in the rock along a specified excavation back slope . Controlled blasting methods include:

1.Presplit Blasting. A controlled blasting method in which the row of blastholes are drilled along the

plane of the specified final excavation back slope . Presplitting uses reduced blasthole spacing, diameter, and explosive charges. The initiation of blasting in the presplit blastholes precedes the initiation of the adjacent production blasthole explosives by a delay. The delay decouples the final excavate d rock face from the excavation and prevents energy from production blasts from propagating to, and dama ging, the final cut face.

2.Trim Blasting. A controlled blasting method that cleanly shears a rock face minimizing the stress

and fractures in the finished rock face when there is an insufficient burden of 15 feet or less for production blasting. It is similar to presplit blasting, but without production blast holes.

(b)Production Blasting. Rock fragmentation blasting that typically has more widely spaced blastholes than

controlled blastholes. Production blastholes are drilled in a pattern throughout the main excavation area adjacent to the controlled blast row. Production blastholes are detonated in a controlled delay sequence toward an open face or relief produced by blastholes firing on an earlier delay. Production blasting fragme nts the rock in the area to be excavated, to the size required for removal and placement .

207.2MATERIALS —

(a)General. Provide non -electric detonators and initiating devices that are not damaged or deteriorated and

have not been exposed to weather. Non -electric detonators and initiating devices include, but are not limited to, all explosive materials, initiators, blasting caps, detonating cord, delays and timing devices, and all other materials and devices necessary to perform the work. While electric detonators are not allowed , electronic programmable detonators are permissible for use. Submit copies of the technical data sheets and safety data sheets for all materials to the Representative with the Blasting Plan. A ll blasting caps for any individual shot must come from one manufacturer .

1.Stemming. Coarse Aggregate , Type A, AASHTO No. 8. Section 703. 2.

207.3CONSTRUCTION —

(a)General. Use controlled and production blasting for excavations in rock when mechanical excavations

methods cannot produce a uniform excavated surface at the spe

Source: Pennsylvania Department of Transportation Specifications, 2026 Edition. Pages 158162 of 1,522.