805MULCHING

805.1DESCRIPTION —This work is the furnishing, placing, anchoring, and maintaining of mulch of the

type indicated.

805.2MATERIAL—

mature seed bearing stalks or roots of prohibited and noxious weeds, as defined by law.

1.a Hay. Timothy hay, mixed clover and timothy hay, or other acceptable native or forage grasses, well-cured to less than 20% moisture content, by weight.

1.b Straw. Either wheat or oat straw, reasonably free of viable seed, well cured to less than 20% moisture content, by weight.

1.c Wood Fiber. Specially prepared, biodegradable, air-dried wood fibers manufactured from 100% wood chips or bark from lumber mill processing operations, tinted with nontoxic, green dye, and containing an organic tackifier approved for use with wood fibers; manufactured to be applied with hydraulic seeding equipment; and conforming to the following requirements:

• Moisture content

— 15% maximum • Organic matter(Oven-dried basis)

— 95% minimum • Water holding capacity (Grams of water per 100 grams of fiber)

— 1000 minimum • Tackifier content (By weight) — 2.5% to 3.5%

Submit a certified physical analysis of the product for approval before application.

1.d Pellet Mulch. A biodegradable, water-absorbing, paper-based pellet that when wetted loses its pellet shape, breaks down and adheres to other pellets, forming a thin, protective mulch mat, and meeting the following requirements:

• Paper content

— 85% • Fertilizer

— 5% • Polyacrylater

— 2% to 5% • Moisture content

— 5% to 8% • Dimensions

— 1/8-inch diameter, 1/4 inch to 3/4 inch length • Absorption potential — minimum, 3 times dry weight

1.e Bonded Fiber Matrix (BFM). Specially prepared, water soluble, biodegradable, hydraulically applied system of long strand wood fibers held together by a bonding agent, which adheres to the soil surface and upon drying forms a continuous, insoluble, three dimensional, non-dispersible protective crust- like soil covering.

1.e.1 Polymer or Hydrocolloid Binder Matrix.

1.e.1.a Wood Fiber. Specially prepared, long strand (min. 25% 3/8-inch length), air-dried wood fibers (88% to 92% by weight) manufactured from wood chips, bark, or clean wood waste products, and conforming to the following requirements:

Moisture content 15% maximum Water holding capacity 1000 minimum (Grams of water per 100 grams of fiber)

1.e.1.b Bonding Agent. High-strength tackifier of powdered polysaccharide guar gum, blended hydrocolloid-based binder, hydrophyllic, or co-polymer material 5 to 12% by weight.

1.e.1.c Synthetic Fiber. System may contain up to 5% by weight of crimped, polyester fibers or other synthetic fibers with wetting and dispersion agents manufactured for use in mulching applications.

1.e.1.d Dye. System may contain a nontoxic, water soluble, colored dye to aid in the visual application coverage of the matrix.

1.e.1.e Activator. System may contain up to 1% by weight of organic and mineral fertilizers.

1.e.2 Gypsum Binder Matrix.

1.e.2.a Wood Fiber. Specially prepared, long strand (min. 25% 3/8-inch length), air-dried wood fibers manufactured from wood chips, bark, or clean wood waste products, and conforming to the following requirements:

Moisture content 15% maximum Water holding capacity 1000 minimum (Grams of water per 100 grams of fiber)

1.e.2.b Bonding Agent. Naturally occurring, high purity, processed hemi -hydrate gypsum with manufacturer's system additives, which when combined with water will form a cementitious binder that will produce a crust-like soil covering within 4 to 8 hours after application. Material that has become partially air set, lumpy, or caked before use is not acceptable for use.

1.e.2.c Synthetic Fiber. Synthetic fibers manufactured for use in mulching applications, coated with wetting and dispersion agents.

1.e.2.d Dye. System may contain a nontoxic, water soluble, colored dye to aid in the visual application coverage of the matrix.

2.a Tanbark. Suitable fibrous shredded, ground or chunked, aged tanbark derived as a by-product of the tannin extraction process, free from insect life, not decomposed, and between 1/4 inch and 2 inches in any dimension.

2.b Shredded Bark. Suitable shredded, chunked, or ground pieces of predominantly aged, but not decomposed, hardwood or pinewood tree bark produced from lumber mill processing operations, free of excessively fine particles and having a general size range of 1/4 inch to 2 inches in any dimension.

2.c Washed Gravel. Uncrushed, washed, No. 57, as specified in Section 703.2(a)2.

2.d Coarse Aggregate. No. 67, Type C, as specified in Section 703.2(a)1.

2.e Sewage Sludge Compost. A blend of secondary dewatered sewage sludge and wood chips, aerobically composted at a DEP, Bureau of Waste Management permitted site for at least 21 days and

cured for 30 to 60 days to ensure pathogen destruction. Free of foreign material and substances toxic to plant growth, nonburning, weed free, screened, and conforming to the following requirements:

• Minimum of 50% organic matter (oven dry basis)

• Minimum of 100% water holding capacity

• Particle Size—3/8 inch to 3 inches

• pH—6.0 minimum

• Heavy metals and toxic compounds (based on sewage sludge content)

MAXIMUM PPM Cadmium 25 Chromium 1000 Copper 1000 Lead 1000 Mercury 10 Nickel 200 Zinc 2500 PCBs 3

Submit a certified laboratory analysis with each shipment.

2.f Wood Chips. Suitable chipped or ground wood material produced from predominantly live or non-decayed trees, logs, brush including leaves or post -consumer lumber having a general size range of 1/2 inch to 2 inches in any dimension and free of excessively fine or stringy particles. Chips produced and stockpiled during clearing and grubbing operations or aged chips, at least 6 months old, from lumber mill operations of the desired size and free from foreign debris will also be accepted.

2.g Spent Mushroom Soil Compost. Organic substrate used in mushroom production that has been steam sterilized, then composted for a minimum of 90 days in well -managed windrows, and on a properly surfaced and protected composting pad and blended with ground brush (yard waste), recycled wood, and/or composted bark. Conforms to the requirements specified in Section 808.2( f)4 except as follows:

• Minimum Organic Matter (Oven Dry Basis)—40%

• Moisture Content—60% maximum

• Particle Size—3/8 inch to 3 inches

• Soluble Salt Concentration—20 dS maximum

comprised of recycled newsprint or other recycled wood cellulose fiber, containing a surfactant and nontoxic, green dye; manufactured to be applied with hydraulic seeding equipment; and confor ming to the following requirements:

• Moisture content

— 17% maximum • Organic matter

— 80% minimum (Oven-dried basis)

• Water holding capacity (Grams of water per 100 grams of fiber) — 900 minimum

hardening agents or a water soluble blend of hydrophyllic polymers, viscosifiers, sticking aids, and gums.

air-dried wood fiber, manufactured from wood chips or bark, and shredded paper particles, comprised of recycled newsprint or other recycled cellulose fiber combined with a surfactant and a nontoxic, green dye; manufactured to be applied with hydraulic seeding equipment; and conforming to the following requirements:

• Wood fiber

— 45% to 55% • Recycled cellulose fiber

— 45% to 55% • Moisture content

— 21% maximum • Organic matter (Oven-dried basis)

— 97% minimum • Water holding capacity (Grams of water per 100 grams of fiber) — 900 minimum

• Weight

— 0.23 ounce per square yard, minimum • Mesh opening — Nominal 13/4-inch by 3/4-inch

following requirements:

• Weight

— 6 ounces per square yard, minimum • Mesh opening — Nominal 2-inch by 2-inch, maximum

or a woven/non-woven combination of polypropylene or polyester filaments or yarns manufactured for weed barrier/soil separator use, inert to commonly encountered construction chem icals or substances and conforming to the following physical requirements:

Type MARV* Property

Woven or combination 0.03 sec-1 Permittivity flow rate Non-woven fabric 1.3 sec-1 ASTM D4491

Woven or combination 0.004 cm/sec Permeability coefficient Non-woven fabric 12 gal/min/sq. ft. Permeability flux

ASTM D4491 Falling head test

All fabric 40 lbs. Puncture strength (5/16-inch flat head rod) ASTM D4833

All fabric 70% after 150 hours Ultraviolet resistance Strength retention ASTM D4355

* Minimum Average Roll Value (+95% of the fabric in a lot will meet or exceed the minimum requirements).

Certify as specified in Section 106.03(b).

(minimum 95% by weight) filaments or yarns with nodules of trifluralin, carbon black and polyethylene compounded together utilizing time-release characteristics permanently attached to the fabric on 1 1/2-inch centers and conforming to the following requirements.

Physical Property MARV*

Trifluralin (Nodule) 20%

Puncture strength (5/16-inch flat head rod) ASTM D4833 39 lbs.

Permittivity ASTM D4491 0.7 sec-1

Ultraviolet resistance Strength retention ASTM D4355 70% after 500 hours

* Minimum Average Roll Value (+95% of the fabric in a lot will meet or exceed the minimum requirement).

Certify as specified in Section 106.03(b).

805.3CONSTRUCTION—

hours after seeding is completed. Unless otherwise indicated, place only straw or wood fiber over topsoiled areas. Use hay, straw, or wood fiber in other areas, as indicated or specified. Place hay or straw uniformly, in a continuous blanket, at a minimum rate of 1,200 pounds per 1,000 square yards or as otherwise indicated. If directed, increase the rate of application, depending upon the material used, season, soil conditions, or method of application. An acceptable mechanical blower may be used to apply mulch. Do not use machines that cut mulch into short pieces. Anchor mulch with specified mulch binders applied at the following rates:

• Recycled cellulose fiber—160 pounds per 1,000 square yards

• Wood fiber—160 pounds per 1,000 square yards

• Nonasphaltic emulsion—At manufacturer's recommended rate

• Polyvinyl acetate—At manufacturer's recommended rate

• Recycled cellulose fiber/wood fiber mixture—160 pounds per 1,000 square yards

The mulch binder application is incidental to the application of straw and hay mulch. Apply wood fiber mulch hydraulically according to the manufacturer's tank-mixing instructions. It may be incorporated as an integral part of the slurry after the seed and soil supplements have been thoroughly mixed. Apply uniformly at the rate of 320 pounds per 1,000 square yards unless otherwise indicated. Mulch temporary seeded areas with hay.

immediately after seeding. Apply uniformly at application rate of 540 pounds per 1,000 square yards. Thoroughly wet pellet mulch with water without dislodging mulch.

overlaps at 24-inch intervals. Overlap adjacent fabric to outside edges. Secure remaining fabric areas by putting in approximately 1 staple per 1 square yard of area.

wood stakes along all edges at 7- foot maximum interval. Overlap adjacent fabric widths by not less than 8 inches.

entire plant pit to a loose depth of 3 inches and as shown on the Standard Drawing. Apply mulch within 48 hours after completion of the planting operation.

and weed control mat as indicated. Cut mat around the plant stem to ensure mat will not extend above the mulch. Secure mat to the soil surface with staples or other approved anchoring devices at a maximum interval spacing of 3 feet and along all edges and overlaps. Overlap mat edge with 2- inch minimum. Uniformly apply a designated mulch specified in Section 805.2(a)2 over the entire bed area to a loose depth of 3 inches. Redistribute excessive mulch depth. Taper mulch depth at plant pit as shown on the Standard Drawing. Apply mat and mulch within 48 hours after completion of the planting operation.

reapply mulch materials, which become dislodged or lost because of wind, rain, or other causes, at initial or modified rates, as directed. After mulching work on a slope has been satisfactorily completed, if a slope failure occurs, one that requires redressing, excavation, or the establishment of a new slope, replace the mulch, as directed.

ensure a rough texture for lodging of seed and BFM. Apply seed at twice the rate specified in Section 804.2(b)2 Table A. Apply soil supplements as specified in Section 804.3(c).

equipment manufactured for this purpose. Follow manufacturer's mixing and application instructions.

The bonded fiber matrix components may be incorporated as an integral part of the seeding and soil supplement application if seeding and soil supplements are applied hydraulically. Apply polymer binder or hydrocolloid binder matrixes at an application rate of 3,000 pounds per acre or as indicated to provide a uniform soil surface coverage thickness of 0.16 inch maximum after drying. Test application procedures to ensure a uniform application rate. Do not apply within 24 hours of anticipated rainfall. Mix gypsum binder matrix components in a homogenous slurry in the following proportions for each 100 gallons of water: gypsum binder—150 pounds; wood fiber—40 pounds; and synthetic fiber—0.6 pounds. Apply gypsum binder matrix at an application rate of 6,000 pounds per acre or as indicated so that the soil surface is covered uniformly. Do not apply within 12 hours of anticipated rainfall. Place BFM material at least 18 inches beyond the toe and top of all slopes. Apply material in at least two different directions to provide as much uniform coverage with no gaps or spaces greater than 0.04 inch.

805.4MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT—

For the type indicated. Measured by the number of tons of mulch actually incorporated into the work, at the specified rates.

For the type indicated.

in Section 805.3(c), at the contract unit price, in addition to the original accepted mulch application.

For the type indicated.

For the type indicated.