2025 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS CATEGORY 100 PRELIMINARY SECTION 107 — CONSTRUCTION STAKEOUT
107.01 Description
Furnish, place, and maintain construction layout stakes that demarcate the Limit of Disturbance (LOD) and protected resource areas including but not limited to, wetlands, wetland buffers, waters of the United States (WUS), stream protection zones (SPZs), floodplains, and tree preservation areas.
107.01.01 Limit of Disturbance (LOD). The allowable limit of earth disturbance as specified in
the Contract Documents.
107.02 Materials
107.02.01 Wetland Ribbon. Pink vinyl ribbon having a width no less than 1-1/2 in. and having
the word “Wetland” in black letters. 107.02.02 Demarcation Ribbon. Vinyl ribbon of various colors having a width no less than 1-1/2 in.
107.03 Construction
107.03.01 Line and Grade. The Engineer will provide the following.
a.Roadway Temporary Access Road, and Maintenance Access Road Stakeout.
1.A staked center line of the roadway with stations not over 100 ft apart.
2.Appropriately spaced benchmarks and necessary references, including all points of curvature (PC) and points of tangency (PT), for the preservation and control of the center line.
3.Except for temporary access roads and maintenance access roads, two sets of prints of the cross sections. Use the cross sections as a guide only. Dimensions or elevations scaled from the cross sections are not sufficiently precise for use in construction. Cross sections will not be provided for temporary access roads nor for maintenance access roads.
b.Structure Stakeout. Make necessary adjustments prior to placing concrete. 2025 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS
1.A staked center line or working line, whichever applies, with stations not over 100 ft apart and extending at least 100 ft beyond each end of the structure.
2.When the structure is on a curve, a staked center line or working line, whichever applies, consisting of stations not over 100 ft apart and including the PC, PT, and at least one point on the tangents beyond each end of the curve.
3.At least two benchmarks, one on each end of the structure.
107.03.02 Workmanship. Set and maintain the specified elevations and dimensions.
107.03.03 Control Markers. Preserve the center line and benchmarks set by the Engineer.
Replace disturbed, damaged, or destroyed control markers. 107.03.04 Control Stakes. As specified in 107.03.01(a), furnish, set, and preserve stakes at each station along each side of the project on the right-of-way or easement line, whichever is farther from the center line of construction. Where only part of an ultimate dual highway is to be constructed, set the stakes on the side of the future improvement 10 ft beyond the construction limits. On each of the stakes, mark the offset distance from the center line and its top elevation, or the cut or fill to the profile grade line. Place additional stakes as necessary and as directed to ensure the correct layout of the work. For stormwater management (SWM) facilities, furnish, set, and preserve stakes at each station along each side of the maintenance access road and at grading points. Place additional stakes as necessary and as directed to ensure the specified layout of the work.
107.03.05 Layout. For structures, proceed with the layout work as specified in 107.03.01(b).
Before any actual construction begins, verify the lines and grades provided by the Engineer, then establish all center line or working line intersections with the center line or center of bearing of all piers, bents, and abutments. From these field layouts, check the proposed span lengths by either electronic distance measurement or chaining from the field layouts. When chaining, compensate for temperature, sag, and horizontal alignment. Verify the location of the structure to affirm its correct location with relation to existing structures, roads, and existing conditions that are to remain. If discrepancies are found, immediately notify the Engineer in writing. Ensure all lines established on the ground are preserved or referenced, marked, and available at all times. Ensure field elevations of all bridge seats are correct and that are finished to proper grade. When steel beams or girders are incorporated in the project, determine the deflection of each member by running elevations over the tops of the beams or girders after they are in place and before attaching any forms. Apply this information to the deflection diagram to determine the corrected elevation of bottom slab forms and screed supports. The Engineer will check the assembled information. For SWM facilities, proceed with the layout work as specified. Verify the locations of drainage structures to affirm the correct location with relation to the SWM facility layout, grading points, maintenance access road, roads, and existing conditions that are to remain. If discrepancies are found, immediately notify the Engineer in writing. Ensure that all lines established on the ground are preserved of referenced, marked, and kept available for the duration of the Contract. Ensure that the field elevations are correct and are finished to the proper grade.
107.03.06 Utilities. Upon request, furnish references to control points, alignment, and grade data
to the utility companies or agencies working within the limits of the project so that they may properly locate and coordinate their work and improvements. Intersection Utility Stakeout. Notify the appropriate agencies at least 72 hours (excluding weekends and holidays) prior to the anticipated time for beginning underground work.
a.Request a MISS UTILITY stakeout and possess a valid MISS UTILITY clearance ticket number for any underground work.
b.Contact all utilities within the limits of the project who are not a member of MISS UTILITY and obtain a stakeout of their respective facilities.
c.Request the Administration’s Office of Traffic & Safety’s Signal Operations Section to stakeout Administration maintained traffic signal facilities.
d.Request the District Engineer to stakeout Administration lighting facilities. Stakeout the proposed construction as indicated in the Contract Documents. Allow the Engineer to verify the location of the proposed facilities.
107.03.07 Right-of-Way and Easement Lines. Upon request, define the right-of-way and
easement lines for adjacent property owners. 107.03.08 Subgrade, Subbase, and Base Controls. When placing subgrade, subbase, and base courses, furnish a string line and grade with fixed controls having longitudinal and transverse spacing of no more than 25 ft. Along each form line for cement concrete pavement, provide the line and grade with fixed controls not to exceed 25 ft.
a.Automated Machine Control. When approved by the Engineer, construction equipment guided by Global Positioning System (GPS) or Robotic Total Station (RTS) equipment may be used in the placement of subgrade, subbase, base courses, and other roadway materials. Preserve the stakeout established by the Engineer and set additional controls as directed.
1.When using GPS and RTS equipment, develop and submit a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) for review. When using the Contract Documents and Administration furnished DTM data, develop a DTM independently. The 2025 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Administration and its designers shall be released from all liability for the accuracy of the data and its conformance to the Contract Documents.
2.Establish primary control points at appropriate intervals along the length of the project. Where project work is performed beyond the project limits, establish control points at intervals not to exceed 1000 ft. Determine the horizontal position of these points by static GPS sessions or by traverse connection from the original base line control points. Establish the elevation of these control points using differential leveling from the project benchmarks, forming closed loops where practical. Prior to construction activities, provide a copy of all new control point information to the Engineer.
3.Provide control points and conventional grade stakes at critical points such as PCs and PTs, super elevation points such as begin full super and half-level plane inclined, and other critical points required for construction of structures and utility relocation or coordination. The Engineer will determine when additional stakeout and control points are necessary.
4.Provide adequate control points, stationing, and stakes for coordination activities involving environmental agencies, utility companies, and other entities on adjacent projects or work areas.
b.Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS. May be used to control equipment where the grade tolerance is ±0.1 ft or greater.
c.RTS Positioning. RTS shall be used where grade tolerances are less than ±0.1 ft. Verify the index error of the vertical circle of the RTS and adjust as necessary prior to operations each workday. Begin and end each work session by checking between adjacent control points.
d.Automated Controlled Equipment. When automated controlled equipment is used, furnish a GPS Rover instrument for Administration use during the project, along with 8 hours of formal training on GPS/RTS and used systems. Provide a surveyor to perform verification when discrepancies arise.
e.Test Sections. Perform test sections for GPS and RTS systems to demonstrate the capability, knowledge, equipment, and experience to properly operate the systems and achieve acceptable tolerances. If this ability is not satisfactorily demonstrated to the Engineer, conventional stakeout procedures shall be required.
107.03.09 Demarcation. Demarcate as specified and as directed and preserve until no longer
applicable. When necessary and as directed, replace disturbed, damaged, destroyed, or otherwise missing demarcation. If demarcation is not re-established within 48 hours, the Engineer may proceed to demarcate. Demarcate wetland areas using 107.02.01. Demarcate LOD and other areas as specified using 107.02.02 and label as directed. Remove all demarcations when they are no longer needed. 2025 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Establish tree preservation areas as specified in Section 120.
107.03.10 Traffic Control Devices, Lighting and ITS Devices. For installation of Traffic
Control Devices, Lighting and ITS Devices, arrange a meeting with the Engineer and representatives from the Traffic Operations Division to stakeout all items indicated on the sketches, plans, and in the Special Provisions. This meeting shall occur prior to any Traffic Control Device, Lighting or ITS work.
107.04 Measurement and Payment
Construction Stakeout will not be measured but will be paid for at the Contract lump sum price. The payment will be full compensation for all material, labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary to complete the work. Payment of the Contract lump sum price will be prorated and paid in equal amounts on each monthly estimate. The number of months used for prorating will be the number estimated to complete the work. Replacement of control markers with undamaged control markers and replacement of missing or damaged demarcations with undamaged demarcations will be at no additional cost to the Administration. Demarcation replaced by the Engineer will be deducted from monies due under the Contract. Corrections to deficiencies in primary control points for subgrade, subbase, and base controls resulting from construction activities will be at no additional cost to the Administration. Corrections to grade busts and all associated quantity adjustments or errors resulting from construction activities will be at no additional cost to the Administration. 2025 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS 108 — MOBILIZATION AND DEMOBILIZATION 2025 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS CATEGORY 100 PRELIMINARY SECTION 108 — MOBILIZATION AND DEMOBILIZATION
108.01 Description
Construction preparatory and closing (clean-up) operations that include the movement of personnel, supplies, materials, tools, equipment, and incidentals to, within, and away from the project site collectively for the project and for individual work operations; and the establishment and removal/decommissioning of the Contractor’s offices, buildings, and other facilities necessary to commence, continue, and conclude the work. Perform final clean-up as specified in GP-4.09.
108.02 Materials
Not applicable.
108.03 Construction
Not applicable.
108.04 Measurement and Payment
Mobilization and Demobilization will not be measured but will be paid for at the Contract lump sum price. The cost of all required insurance and bonds will be incidental to this item. Payment of the Mobilization and Demobilization item will be made according to the following payment schedule.
a.25 percent of Mobilization and Demobilization, up to a maximum of 2.5 percent of the adjusted Contract amount, will be paid in the first monthly estimate after the Contractor has established the necessary facilities.
b.25 percent of Mobilization and Demobilization, up to a maximum of 2.5 percent of the adjusted Contract amount, will be paid in the second monthly estimate after the Contractor has established the necessary facilities.
c.50 percent of Mobilization and Demobilization, up to a maximum of 5 percent of the adjusted Contract amount, will be paid upon completion of 30 percent of the adjusted Contract amount.
d.Any remaining amount will be paid when the Contract has been accepted for maintenance as specified in GP-5.13.
Source: Maryland Standard Specifications for Construction and Materials, 2025 Edition. Pages 244–248 of 1,113.