239(n) Pipe to Structure Connections and Waterstops: Manufactured pipe connection systems for connecting pipe to drainage structures shall be submitted to the Materials Division certifying the system meets the requirements for Soil-Tight, Silt-Tight, or Leak-Resistant in order to be on the approved list. When resilient connectors for silt tight connections are specified for concrete pipe to concrete structures, the connectors shall meet the requirements of ASTM C1478. When resilient connectors for leak resistant connections are specified for flexible pipe to concrete structures, the connectors shall meet the requirements of ASTM F2510. When waterstops are specified, they shall meet the requirements of ASTM F2510, Section 4.1 Mate - rials and Manufacture and Section 4.2 Mechanical Devices. The waterstop shall have a 1 inch min - imum keylok anchor embedded into the concrete or mortar connection on pipe sizes below 18 inch diameter and 1.5 inch for pipe 18 inches and greater in diameter. There shall be a minimum 2 inches of concrete or mortar connection around the rubber gasket to permit proper consolidation around the gasket. All waterstops shall be secured to the pipe with a take-up clamp before applying mortar. SECTION 233—GAL V ANIZING
233.01 Description
These specifications cover the use and repair of zinc coatings (galvanizing) on a variety of materials.
233.02 Detail Requirements
Galvanizing of fabricated items shall be performed after fabrication. Galvanized items shall be stored off the ground in a manner that will allow free drainage of water from galvanized surfaces.
a.Galvanizing of iron and steel hardware shall conform to ASTM A153 for the hot-dip process or ASTM B695, Class 50, for the mechanical process.
b.Galvanizing of rolled, pressed, and forged steel shapes, plates, bars, and strips shall conform to ASTM A123.
233.03 Repair of Galvanized Surfaces
Galvanizing surfaces that have been damaged or have uncoated areas shall be repaired in accordance with ASTM A780 except that repair materials shall not contain lead or cadmium. SECTION 234—GLASS BEADS FOR REFLECTORIZING TRAFFIC MARKINGS
234.01 Description
This specification covers glass beads applied on the surface or incorporated into traffic-marking materials so as to produce a retroreflective surface.234.01 240234.02—Detail Requirements Beads shall be manufactured from glass of a composition designed to be highly resistant to traffic wear and weather. Glass beads shall conform to AASHTO M247, Type 1-5, except that at least 80 percent of the beads shall be round when tested in accordance with ASTM D 1155, Procedure B. The Contractor shall provide a written certification that each batch of glass beads used in or on VDOT pavement markings conforms to AASHTO M247 including the total concentration limit of Lead and Arsenic. SECTION 235—RETROREFLECTORS
235.01 Description
Retroreflectors shall consist of a housing/backing with a retroreflective surface on the front and back, if applicable. Retroreflectors for delineators and pavement markers, except temporary markers, shall be molded of methyl methacrylate plastic conforming to Federal Specification L-P-380, Type I, Class 3. Retroreflectors for temporary pavement markers shall have a surface consisting of reflective sheeting or a plastic prismatic element. The housing/backing for temporary pavement markers shall be constructed of methyl methacrylate plastic conforming to Federal Specification L-P-380, Type I, Class 3. Delineators and pavement markers shall be approved by reviewing performance data from one or both of the following test programs:
a.AASHTO’ s National Transportation Product Evaluation Program (AASHTO/NTPEP). Test data values used for approval may be based upon the data generated per the applicable NTPEP Work Plan.
b.VDOT Test Facility – VDOT may elect to evaluate performance from their own test facility.
235.02 Detail Requirements
a.Steel castings for snowplowable pavement markers shall conform to ASTM A536, hardened to 52-54 RC, and shall weigh approximately 5 1/2 pounds. Keels shall be parallel, approximately 0.70 inch thick by 1.90 inches deep, and shall have notched edges. The forward and rear noses of the casting shall be shaped to deflect snowplow blades. Castings shall retain their hardness after removal of adhesives and other foreign residues or shall be capable of conforming to the specified hardness with additional heat treating to ensure the castings can be recycled.
b.Plastic panels for delineators shall be at least 0.080 inch thick, have a minimum tensile strength at yield of 5,000 pounds per square inch when tested in accordance with the requirements of ASTM D638. Plastic panels shall also have minimum impact strengths of 2.0 foot-pounds per inch of notch at –20 degrees F and 14.0 foot-pounds per inch of notch at 73 degrees F when tested in accordance with the requirements of ASTM D256, Method A. The panels shall be flexible and able to recoil 234.02
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 267–267 of 1,065.